The press was started by Aldus based on his love of classics, and at first printed new copies of Plato, Aristotle, and other Greek and Latin classics.

His death gave Europe its first ever intellectual hero and martyr, but guaranteed the democracy an eternity of bad press at the hands of his disciple and enemy to democracy Plato.

Alan Cameron, however, argues that it should be interpreted as referring to Plato, and that when Proclus writes that " we must bear in mind concerning this whole feat of the Athenians, that it is neither a mere myth nor unadorned history, although some take it as history and others as myth ", he is treating " Crantor's view as mere personal opinion, nothing more ; in fact he first quotes and then dismisses it as representing one of the two unacceptable extremes ".

Furthermore, she expressed the belief that it was Homer before Plato who first wrote of Atlantis.

Plato and Aristotle, depicted here in Raphael's The School of Athens, both developed first cause arguments.

Plato ( c. 427 – 347 BC ) and Aristotle ( c. 384 – 322 BC ) both posited first cause arguments, though each had certain notable caveats.

The state was first advocated by Plato, then found more acceptance in the consolidation of power under the Roman Catholic Church.

The first and highest aspect of God is described by Plato as the One, the source, or the Monad.

In 1992, Plato was one of the first celebrities to star in a video game.

The game, Night Trap, was not a great success, but is considered a pioneering title as it was the first game to use live actors, specifically a well known personality ( Plato ).

After the first three negative calls, a caller named Julie told Plato that she looked and sounded great, and could not fathom why people were attacking her the way they were, and although they were cruel to her, she was supportive.

Plato was the Classical Greek philosopher, mathematician and writer of philosophical dialogues who founded the Academy in Athens which was the first institution of higher learning in the Western world.

Aristotle was considered to give a more important position to sense perception than Plato, and commentators in the middle ages summarized one of his positions as " nihil in intellectu nisi prius fuerit in sensu " ( Latin for " nothing in the intellect without first being in the senses ").

Thus if a represents Socrates then Phil ( a ) asserts the first proposition, p ; if a instead represents Plato then Phil ( a ) asserts the second proposition, q.

Plato is the first person known to have said this.

At first approaching the subject through The Republic by Plato, he soon turned to contemporary ideas of socialism as expressed by the recently formed Fabian Society and free lectures delivered at Kelmscott House, the home of William Morris.

Besides Zarathushtra's Gathas, Plato gives the earliest surviving account of a " natural theology ", around 360 BC, in his dialogue " Timaeus " he states " Now the whole Heaven, or Cosmos, ... we must first investigate concerning it that primary question which has to be investigated at the outset in every case ,— namely, whether it has existed always, having no beginning of generation, or whether it has come into existence, having begun from some beginning ".

Given that premise, the notion of absolute knowledge ( as described by Plato and the rationalists ) is seen as mere illusion, and this is what he set out to demonstrate in the first part of his magnum opus " The Critique of Pure Reason " ( 1781 ).

It was first translated from Arabic into Latin by Plato of Tivoli ( Tiburtinus ) in 1138, while he was in Spain.

Plato is thus known as one of the very first rationalists, believing as he did that humans are born with a fund of a priori knowledge, to which they have access through a process of reason or intellection — a process that critics find to be rather mysterious.

In this work, Proclus also listed the first mathematicians associated with Plato: a mature set of mathematicians ( Leodamas of Thasos, Archytas of Taras, and Theaetetus ), a second set of younger mathematicians ( Neoclides, Eudoxus of Cnidus ), and a third yet younger set ( Amyntas, Menaechmus and his brother Dinostratus, Theudius of Magnesia, Hermotimus of Colophon and Philip of Opus ).

In other words, the One produces what Plato called the Forms, and the Forms are understood to be the first determinations into which all things fall.

Plato wrote in his Phaedrus that the " first prophecies were the words of an oak ", and that those who lived at that time found it rewarding enough to " listen to an oak or a stone, so long as it was telling the truth ".

The first clear mention of a sunspot in Western literature, around 300 BC, was by the ancient Greek scholar Theophrastus, student of Plato and Aristotle and successor to the latter.

Plato articulated the dystopian legend of Atlantis.

Around 400 BCE, emission theory was held by Plato.

In classical Greece, Anaxagoras asserted that a divine reason ( mind ) gave order to the seeds of the universe, and Plato extended the Greek belief of ideal forms to his metaphysical theory of forms ( ideai: ideas ).

Plato famously held, on one interpretation, that there is a realm of abstract forms or universals apart from the physical world ( see theory of the forms ).

In the case of number theory, this means, by and large, Plato and Euclid, respectively.

Although Plato does not have an explicit theory of natural law ( he almost never uses the phrase natural law except in Gorgias 484 and Timaeus 83e ), his concept of nature, according to John Wild, contains some of the elements found in many natural law theories.

In other words, we are urged to believe that Plato's theory of ideas is an abstraction, divorced from the so-called external world, of modern European philosophy, despite the fact Plato taught that ideas are ultimately real, and different from non-ideal things -- indeed, he argued for a distinction between the ideal and non-ideal realm.

Plato gives the divided line as an outline of this theory.

This theory is similar to reincarnation, though there are differences — for example, Plato only believed in one earthly life.

Western humour theory begins with Plato, who attributed to Socrates ( as a semihistorical dialogue character ) in the Philebus ( p. 49b ) the view that the essence of the ridiculous is an ignorance in the weak, who are thus unable to retaliate when ridiculed.

The Parmenides shows Parmenides using the Socratic method to point out the flaws in the Platonic theory of the Forms, as presented by Socrates ; it is not the only dialogue in which theories normally expounded by Plato / Socrates are broken down through dialectic.

There is confusion also about his place of birth, " Megara ", which Plato for example understood to be Megara Hyblaea in Sicily, while a scholiast on Plato cites Didymus for the rival theory that the poet was born in a Megara in Attica, and ventures the opinion that Theognis might have later migrated to the Sicilian Megara ( a similar theory had assigned an Attic birthplace to the Spartan poet Tyrtaeus ).

* Theory of forms, by Plato, a theory of abstract entities

He was the centre of the Lyonnese côterie that elaborated the theory of spiritual love, derived partly from Plato and partly from Petrarch.

Al-Farabi's school of philosophy " breaks with the philosophy of Plato and Aristotle and ... moves from metaphysics to methodology, a move that anticipates modernity ", and " at the level of philosophy, Alfarabi unites theory and practice and in the sphere of the political he liberates practice from theory ".

Plato ’ s ethical theory is eudaimonist because it maintains that eudaimonia depends on virtue.

Originally trained in the Neo-Kantian tradition with Ernst Cassirer and immersed in the work of the phenomenologists Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger, Strauss later focused his research on the Greek texts of Plato and Aristotle, retracing their interpretation through medieval Islamic and Jewish philosophy, and encouraged application of their ideas to contemporary political theory.

Plato also explains his theory of justice in the Republic, in relation to his conception of a city in speech, both of which necessitate rule of the rational mind ; in other words, philosopher-kings, who can grasp the Form of the Good.

Informal part-whole reasoning was consciously invoked in metaphysics and ontology from Plato ( in particular, in the second half of the Parmenides ) and Aristotle onwards, and more or less unwittingly in 19th-century mathematics until the triumph of set theory around 1910.

However, even before the days of Plato, a prominent alternate theory of knowledge insisted that the perceived outside reality is merely an internal fabrication of the observer and that it has no existence or substance outside the imagination of the observer.

Plato helped to create the gap between " arithmetic ", now called number theory, and " logistic ", now called arithmetic.

Plato regarded logistic ( arithmetic ) as appropriate for businessmen and men of war who " must learn the art of numbers or will not know how to array troops " and arithmetic ( number theory ) as appropriate for philosophers " because have to arise out of the sea of change and lay hold of true being.