The name is derived from the type genus Apium, which was originally used by Pliny the Elder circa 50 AD for a celery-like plant.

This image of a fully mature " Venus rising from the sea " ( Venus Anadyomene ) was one of the iconic representations of Aphrodite, made famous in a much-admired painting by Apelles, now lost, but described in the Natural History of Pliny the Elder.

According to The Natural History " by Pliny the Elder:

According to Suetonius who had cited from Pliny the Elder, Agrippina had borne to Germanicus, a son called Gaius Julius Caesar who had a lovable character.

She was a beautiful and reputable woman and according to Pliny the Elder, she had a double canine in her upper right jaw, a sign of good fortune.

According to Pliny the Elder, in 467 BCE a large meteorite landed near Aegospotami.

The amphisbaena has been referred to by the poets, such as Nicander, John Milton, Alexander Pope, Alfred, Lord Tennyson, and A. E. Housman, and the amphisbaena as a mythological and legendary creature has been referenced by Lucan, Pliny the Elder, Isidore of Seville, and Thomas Browne, the last of whom debunked its existence.

< div align = right >-- Pliny the Elder.

He might also have been influenced by the name of a legendary island mentioned in The Natural History by Pliny the Elder.

The accounts of historians Herodotus, Pliny the Elder, and Strabo suggest that boats were being used for commerce and traveling.

He knew patristic literature, as well as Pliny the Elder, Virgil, Lucretius, Ovid, Horace and other classical writers.

The Roman geographer Pliny the Elder ( ca.

* Pliny the Elder Naturalis Historia ( ca.

The earliest bestiary in the form in which it was later popularized was an anonymous 2nd century Greek volume called the Physiologus, which itself summarized ancient knowledge and wisdom about animals in the writings of classical authors such as Aristotle's Historia Animalium and various works by Herodotus, Pliny the Elder, Solinus, Aelian and other naturalists.

Much of the early development of purification methods is described by Pliny the Elder in his Naturalis Historia.

Composting as a recognized practice dates to at least the early Roman Empire since Pliny the Elder ( AD 23-79 ).

Pliny the Elder notes that several of them were richer than Crassus, the richest man of the Republican era.

The event was witnessed by Pliny the Elder:

According to Pliny the Elder in Achaea, the garland worn by the winners of the sacred Nemean Games was also made of celery.

There are few direct testimonies to the language of the Cimbri: Referring to the Northern Ocean ( the Baltic or the North Sea ), Pliny the Elder states: " Philemon says that it is called Morimarusa, i. e. the Dead Sea, by the Cimbri, until the promontory of Rubea, and after that Cronium.

He began the aqueducts Aqua Claudia and Anio Novus, which Pliny the Elder considered engineering marvels.

All surviving sources, except Pliny the Elder, characterize Caligula as insane.

This diagnosis is mainly attributed to Caligula's irritability and his " stare " as described by Pliny the Elder.

Aelian's anecdotes on animals rarely depend on direct observation: they are almost entirely taken from written sources, often Pliny the Elder, but also other authors and works now lost, to whom he is thus a valuable witness.

Pytheas's account was noted later by other writers including Pliny the Elder and Diodorus Siculus.

Pliny the Elder, notes that although emmer was called far in his time formerly it was called adoreum ( or " glory "), providing an etymology explaining that emmer had been held in glory ( N. H. 18. 3 ), and later in the same book he describes its role in sacrifices.

The origins of Osprey are obscure ; the word itself was first recorded around 1460, derived via the Anglo-French ospriet and the Medieval Latin avis prede " bird of prey ," from the Latin avis praedæ though the Oxford English Dictionary notes a connection with the Latin ossifraga or " bone breaker " of Pliny the Elder.

In the past, baryte, sulfur, millstones and gypsum were also mined ; in fact, Pliny notes that Milos was the most abundant source of sulfur in the ancient world.

Pliny the Elder notes he died in the reign of Augustus ( Natural History IX. 39, X. 23 ).

Pliny the Elder reports that Germanicus ' son, the future emperor Gaius ( Caligula ), was born " among the Treveri, at the village of Ambiatinus, above Koblenz ", but Suetonius notes that this birthplace was disputed by other sources.

Poliziano covered nearly the whole ground of classical literature during his tenure, and published the notes of his courses upon Ovid, Suetonius, Statius, Pliny the Younger, and Quintilian.

Pliny notes how the Thessalians, Illyrians and Lemnians cherished jackdaws for destroying grasshoppers ' eggs.

The Periplus describes it as 3000 stadia south of the Moskhophagoi, and 4000 stadia north of Adulis, inside the regions ruled by Zôskalês, the king of Aksum ; Pliny the Elder ( N. H. 6. 168 ) notes that Ptolemais was close to Lake Monoleus.

Pliny the Elder notes that in antiquity Telos was known as Agathussa ( Αγαθούσσα ) ( also Agathusa and Agathousa ).

Pliny the Elder has the most to say about the Padus of his times.

In Natural History, Pliny the Elder calls butter " the most delicate of food among barbarous nations ", and goes on to describe its medicinal properties.

Although archeological evidence of this grain has been found in Roman contexts along the Rhine, Danube, and in the British Isles, Pliny the Elder was dismissive of rye, writing that it " is a very poor food and only serves to avert starvation " and spelt is mixed into it " to mitigate its bitter taste, and even then is most unpleasant to the stomach " ( N. H. 18. 40 ).

Pliny the Elder considered the turnip one of the most important vegetables of his day, rating it " directly after cereals or at all events after the bean, since its utility surpasses that of any other plant.

Pliny the Elder recounts a fanciful derivation for the tribal name from the Greek ὄμβρος " a shower ", which had led to the confused idea that they had survived the Deluge familiar from Greek mythology, giving them the claim to be the most ancient race in Italy.

220 A. D .) Aconite was also described in Greek and Roman medicine by Theophrastus, Dioscorides, and Pliny the Elder, who most likely prescribed the Alpine species Aconitum lycoctonum.

The generic name was first used by Pliny the Elder ( 23-79 ) for a plant also known as strychnos, most likely S. nigrum.

Pliny the Elder remarked that few people could wrap their arms around the fallen thumb and that each of its fingers was larger than most statues.

Instead Newton studied the accounts of ancient writers like Pliny to obtain the approximate size and location of the memorial, then bought a plot of land in the most likely location.

Perhaps the most notable of these are the Apollo Sauroktonos, or the lizard-slayer, a youth leaning against a tree and idly striking with an arrow at a lizard ( Louvre Museum ), and the Aphrodite of Cnidus at the Vatican Museums, which is a copy of the statue made by Praxiteles for the people of Cnidus, and by them valued so highly that they refused to sell it to King Nicomedes, who was willing in return to discharge the whole debt of the city, which, says Pliny, was enormous.

The most celebrated example of a Latin panegyric, however, is that delivered by the younger Pliny ( AD 100 ) in the senate on the occasion of his assumption of the consulship, which contained a eulogy of Trajan considered fulsome by some scholars.

Arrian mentions many others by name, but they would seem to have been little more than mountain torrents: the most important of them were Charieis, Chobus or Cobus, Singames, Tarsuras, Hippus, Astelephus, Chrysorrhoas, several of which are also noticed by Ptolemy and Pliny.

The most probable solution of the difficulty is that of Friedrich Thiersch, who thinks that there were two artists of this name ; one an Argive, the instructor of Phidias, born about 540 BC, the other a native of Sicyon, who flourished at the date assigned by Pliny and was confounded by the scholiast on Aristophanes with his more illustrious namesake of Argos.

Seleucus obtained knowledge of most of northern India, as explained by Pliny the Elder through his numerous embassies to the Mauryan Empire:

Castigationes Plinianae was considered by Barbaro's contemporaries to be the most authoritative work on Pliny.

Some hint of the complicated cultural web that bound Armorica and the Britanniae ( the " Britains " of Pliny ) is given by Caesar when he describes Diviciacus of the Suessiones, as " the most powerful ruler in the whole of Gaul, who had control not only over a large area of this region but also of Britain " Archaeological sites along the south coast of England, notably at Hengistbury Head, show connections with Armorica as far east as the Solent.

Winckelmann was involved in the dissemination of knowledge of the first large Roman paintings to be discovered, at Pompeii and Herculaneum and, like most contemporaries except for Gavin Hamilton, was unimpressed by them, citing Pliny the Younger's comments on the decline of painting in his period.

He was thoroughly familiar with the works of Greek and Latin authors, especially those of Pausanias and Pliny the Elder, which bore upon the subject in which he was most interested ; but he had little taste for the minutiae of verbal criticism.

In 1629 he produced his magnum opus as a critic, his commentary on Gaius Julius Solinus's Polyhistor, or rather on Pliny the Elder, to whom Solinus is indebted for the most important part of his work.

Of these writers, Arrian speaks most highly of Megasthenes, while Strabo and Pliny treat him with less respect.

Although some, such as Pliny, claimed that Eudoxus did achieve his goal, the most probable conclusion is that he perished on the journey.

Pliny the Elder, writing of Herod's achievements, called Jerusalem " the most famous by far of the Eastern cities and not only the cities of Judea.

In 1685 he published a version of Pliny the Elder's Natural History in which he claimed that most Greek and Roman texts had been forged by Benedictine monks.