Political philosophy is the study of such topics as politics, liberty, justice, property, rights, law, and the enforcement of a legal code by authority: what they are, why ( or even if ) they are needed, what, if anything, makes a government legitimate, what rights and freedoms it should protect and why, what form it should take and why, what the law is, and what duties citizens owe to a legitimate government, if any, and when it may be legitimately overthrown, if ever.

Political scientist, Donald Lutz, found that Montesquieu was the most frequently quoted authority on government in colonial America.

Political or other decision-making units typically must be large and leveraged enough for economy of scale, but also small enough that centralised authority does not become unaccountable to those performing trades or transactions at its perimeter.

* c. 1985 BC: Political authority became less centralized in Ancient Egypt.

Political interference kept TVA from securing additional federal appropriations to build coal-fired plants, so it sought the authority to issue bonds.

Political authority can also be seen in situations that are typically considered apolitical.

Political preparation for war began in earnest during the period of weapons inspections in Iraq over the winter of 2002 – 2003, carried out by a team led by Hans Blix with the authority of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1441.

The act was amended by the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000 ( 2000 c. 41 ) to change the registration authority to the Electoral Commission.

Political philosophy is the study of such topics as politics, liberty, justice, property, rights, law, and the enforcement of a legal code by authority: what they are, why ( or even if ) they are needed, what, if anything, makes a government legitimate, what rights and freedoms it should protect and why, what form it should take and why, what the law is, and what duties citizens owe to a legitimate government, if any, and when it may be legitimately overthrown — if ever.

Some questioned whether Beijing has the authority to issue such a law as they claim that Taiwan is not under the PRC jurisdiction ( See Political status of Taiwan ).

Voter demographics authority David Bositis, a senior research associate at the Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies in Washington, DC, reviewed The Nation's findings and concluded that the purge-and-block program was " a patently obvious technique to discriminate against black voters ".

In reality, however, final authority on all matters rested with the Political Bureau.

Political and military unrest continued throughout the Muromachi period ( 1336-1537 A. D .), characterized by tensions between imperial and civil authority and periods of outright civil war.

He holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in Political Science and a Master of Arts degree in Russian History from Carleton University in Ottawa, and is a respected authority on federalism and the Canadian constitution.

Political authority, he said, should be returned to Fiji's chiefs.

Political power will pass by hereditary succession to the children of the king, who will abuse their authority for their own gain ; this represents the degeneration of kingship into " tyranny ".

Political activists disputed the authority of the central state, the role of the Communist Party within it, and the influence national agencies should wield over local groups.

Political authority rested with the Romans whose interests were represented by Antipater, who primarily promoted the interests of his own house.

The officer in charge of the operation was Yitzhak Sadeh, but his authority came from Moshe Sharett, who was the leader of the Political Department of the Jewish Agency in the temporary absence of David Ben-Gurion, who had left for the United States on 22 September and did not return until 13 February, 1941.

He is a professor of Political science at the University of Ghana, Legon, and was previously the Head of the Department of Political Science and member of the University's Academic Board, the highest authority at the level of the faculties.

When it finished in 1798, John Gifford began The Anti-Jacobin Review and Magazine, or, Monthly Political and Literary Censor, which ran until 1821.

As W. M. Owens writes in his article “ Plautus ’ Stichus and the Political Crisis of 200 B. C .”, “ There is evidence that antiwar feeling ran deep and persisted even after the war was approved.

In 1870 she published Political Economy for Beginners, which although short was " wildly successful ", and ran through 10 editions in 41 years.

Before founding the MRC in 1987, Bozell ran the National Conservative Foundation project at the Conservative Political Action Conference, in which he moderated debates between Sam Donaldson and Bob Novak over media bias.

Political feeling at that time ran high in Edinburgh, and Nasmyth ’ s pronounced Liberal opinions, which he was too outspoken and sincere to disguise, gave offence to many of his aristocratic patrons, and led to the diminution of his practice as a portraitist.

In 1926, after the death of President Orellana, Ubico ran unsuccessfully for president as the candidate of the Political Progressive Party.

Political opponents within the Democratic Party ran an " independent " candidate, who criticized Bailey's broken promise.

The opposition NF Flag Group contained the traditionalists such as Andrew Brons, Ian Anderson, Martin Wingfield, Tina Wingfield, Joe Pearce ( initially associated with the Political Soldiers ' faction ) and Steve Brady, who ran candidates under the NF banner in the 1987 general election.

A survey of studies on unemployment insurances ’ s effect on employment by the Political Economy Research Institute found that unemployed who collected UI did not find themselves out of work longer than those who didn ’ t have unemployment benefits ; and that unemployed workers did not search for work more or reduce their wage expectations once their benefits ran out.

He ran a network of private informants on college campuses in the United States, that Political Research Associates referred to as often having better placed infiltrators among campus groups than the FBI's own agents ran.

He also ran for President as the candidate of the Interracial Independent Political Party with Simon P. W. Drew as his running mate.

Craig also started the Political Companion, a quarterly update, which ran from 1969 to 1983.

In the 1999 elections it ran in an electoral bloc called Bloc " Communists-Stalinists " together with the Political Party " Stalineli ".

He ran again in 1910, still opposing Prohibition, with the slogan " Political Peace and Legislative Rest.

The first female editor-in-chief of the Daily was Harriett Woods, who later served in Missouri State government, ran for the Senate twice in the 1980s nearly beating John Danforth the first time, and led the National Women's Political Caucus through its Year of the Woman in 1992.

About six of these were appointed to the Political Bureau ( Politburo ) which ran the party when the C. E. C was not in session.

The words Arts, Sports, Historical Events ran on the left hand edge, Technology, Entertainment, Science ran on the top edge, Political Figures, Life Style on the right hand edge of the sheet.

Sarah Hindle ( Engineering undergrad ) and Richard Sargeant ( Political Science undergrad ) were the first directors and recruited and ran the executive.

In 1925, he ran for alderman in Ward Seven as a candidate of the Labour Representation Political Association, a broad-tent group aligned with the Canadian Labour Party.

Political interference in Africa and Asia and even in Latin America ( though limited in Latin America by the special interest of the United States as expressed in the Monroe Doctrine, itself from the outset related to European politics and long dependent upon the `` balance of power '' system in Europe ) was necessary in order to preserve both common economic values and the European `` balance '' itself.

* Scholarly surveys of focused topics from the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: articles on Aristotle, Aristotle in the Renaissance, Biology, Causality, Commentators on Aristotle, Ethics, Logic, Mathematics, Metaphysics, Natural philosophy, Non-contradiction, Political theory, Psychology, Rhetoric

* Goldstein, Kalman, " Al Capp and Walt Kelly: Pioneers of Political and Social Satire in the Comics " from Journal of Popular Culture ; Vol.

Political acquiescence in demutualisation was clearest in the case of the position on ' carpet baggers ', that is those who joined societies by lodging minimum amounts of £ 100 or so in the hope of profiting from a distribution of surplus after demutualisation.

Political parties were banned from the start and the royal dictatorship took on an increasingly harsh character.

Political Evolution of Central America and the Caribbean from 1700 to present

* A Political Primer on the ENMOD Convention from the Sunshine Project.

Christendom ; Ecclesiastical and Political, from Constantine to the Reformation.

At the age of 23, he received a Ph. D. in Political Science from Johns Hopkins University.

* Harper's Weekly 150 cartoons on elections 1860-1912 ; Reconstruction topics ; Chinese exclusion ; plus American Political Prints from the Library of Congress, 1766 – 1876

After his return from exile in India and Sikkim during January 1913, he assumed control of foreign relations and dealt directly with the Maharaja and the British Political officer in Sikkim and the king of Nepal rather than letting the Kashag or parliament do it.

Political developments, including the formation and growth of the Tanganyika African National Union ( TANU ), led to Tanganyika attaining independence from colonial rule in December 1961.

* Poverty, Political Freedom, and the Roots of Terrorism from Alberto Abadie – Harvard University and NBER, October 2004 ( pdf )

Political scientist James McClellan, from the University of Virginia, considered Bacon to have had " a great following " in the American colonies.

Molinari went on to edit the Journal des Économistes, the publication of the French Political Economy Society, from 1881 until 1909.

Political rebellion also made its home here, whether serious ( John Reed ) or frivolous ( Marcel Duchamp and friends set off balloons from atop Washington Square Arch, proclaiming the founding of " The Independent Republic of Greenwich Village ").

* Thompson, Andrew, 1998, ' George Eliot and Italy: Literary, Cultural and Political Influences from Dante to the Risorgimento, New York, St. Martin's Press, 1998, ISBN 0-312-17651-1.

Political goals include changing laws and policies in order to gain new rights, benefits, and protections from harm.

Political tensions arose from issues of taxation, public spending, regulation of business, and market supervision, as well as the limits of corporate autonomy.

Political stability and instability both aided and distracted the economic revolution which transformed Honduras through the development of a plantation economy on the north coast, ultimately leading to military interventions from the United States.

Political philosophy professor Charles Blattberg argues that discussion of human rights, being abstract, demotivates people from upholding the values that rights are meant to affirm.

Title page from the third edition of Political Justice

Political and social attention increased, and debate started about the effectiveness of the TBS-system and if convicts should be granted leave from TBS-clinics.