* Cottrell, Allin and Cockshott WP " Calculation, Complexity and Planning: The socialist calculation debate once again " Review of Political Economy

Political and social attention increased, and debate started about the effectiveness of the TBS-system and if convicts should be granted leave from TBS-clinics.

Moreover, the commentators claimed there never was a “ Political Correctness movement ” in the US, and that many who use the term do so to distract attention from substantive debate about racial, class and gender discrimination and unequal legal treatment.

This debate is still an important point of reference in Political science, although most scholars ' approaches fall between the two poles.

Political debate often abuses public confidence by one candidate attempting to sway voters, not by logical argument on given issues, but by personal diatribe that does not directly bear on the matter at hand.

A different approach to the debate has been taken by other historians, including David Fromkin, author of Europe's Last Summer: Who Started the Great War in 1914 ?, and David Stevenson, author of Cataclysm: The First World War as Political Tragedy.

Political realism formed the basis of Kennan's work as a diplomat and diplomatic historian and remains relevant to the debate over American foreign policy, which since the 19th century has been characterized by a shift from the Founding Fathers ' realist school to the idealistic or Wilsonian school of international relations.

Political disputes compounded the theological grievances between Protestants and Catholics and to this day the debate begun at the Reformation has been reflected in the diversity of Christian denominations.

The debate was sparked by the resignation of Wilfredo Mattos Cintrón, member of the Political Commission, secretary of political education, and a leading figure in the drafting of the 1978 program as well as previous programs and theses.

Political scientists debate how much of this was due to Social Credit policies and how much was merely a " protest vote " against the established parties, but one poll recorded Social Credit with as much as 30 % of the vote.

Political campaigns in the United States are not merely a civic ritual and occasion for political debate, but a multi-billion dollar industry, dominated by professional political consultants using sophisticated campaign management tools, to an extent far greater than elsewhere in the world.

Political jokes of this form have almost disappeared since reunification as they no longer play the same subversive role, being replaced by open democratic debate, political cartoons and satire.

Political analysts compared her appearance to a " media baptism " and claim that her political emergence has its roots in this debate.

After much debate some of the Christian Radicals broke away from the KVP in 1968 to form the Political Party of Radicals ( PPR ).

The American Political Science Association reviewed the book, saying that it was " a welcome addition to a never-ending debate ".

Political debate continued over the North Side Sports Stadium and the project was often behind schedule and over-budget.

Testimony by Charles W. Yost ( former U. S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations ), Richard A. Falk ( professor of International Law and Practice, Princeton University ) and John W. Lewis ( professor, Institute of Political Studies, Stanford University ) on the desirability of setting firm withdrawal date ; policy in SE Asia following withdrawal, including need for Geneva-type conference ; moral aspects of the Vietnam war including debate on the extent to which U. S. war policies may have constituted war crimes ; China's changing role in Indochina ; necessity and means of persuading President of present opportunities to end Vietnam war.

" In April 2009, Morris keynoted an animated debate at the Yale Political Union on the topic " Resolved: Save Capitalism from President Obama ".

File: Assoc Jewish Senior CJPAC Toronto Mayoral Debate. jpg | Association of Jewish Seniors / Canadian Jewish Political Affairs Committee hosting a Toronto Mayoral candidates ' debate, 2010

Political debate is still simmering on whether parts of Saharanpur, including the city itself, can be merged with Uttarakhand.

He once challenged William Lloyd Garrison and Wendell Phillips to a debate on “ the virtues of the Abolition Party and Political Platform .” On another occasion he challenged Henry Ward Beecher, Edwin H. Chapin and Andrew Jackson Davis to a debate on “ which is the smartest man in all points of view .” In April, 1854, he shared the stage with an all-star cast of eccentrics, including Father Lamson and John S. Orr (“ The Angel Gabriel ”) before an audience of thousands in Boston.

Political debate is still simmering on the question, whether parts of Saharanpur can be merged with Uttarakhand.

" Amy Walter of the Cook Political Report told the Dispatch " Ohio becomes the microcosm for the debate Democrats are trying to have nationally " and Democrats would argue in future campaigns "' See what happens when one party rules too long, see what happens with corruption and insider influence.

Political tensions arose from issues of taxation, public spending, regulation of business, and market supervision, as well as the limits of corporate autonomy.

Political experts criticized this act, saying that this was a move by President Nasheed to gain the decreasing public support and to silence the voices of the opposition by threatening them.

These reforms included guarantees to ensure the Ottoman subjects perfect security for their lives, honour, and property ; the introduction of the first Ottoman paper banknotes ( 1840 ) and opening of the first post offices ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the finance system according to the French model ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the Civil and Criminal Code according to the French model ( 1840 ); the establishment of the Meclis-i Maarif-i Umumiye ( 1841 ) which was the prototype of the First Ottoman Parliament ( 1876 ); the reorganization of the army and a regular method of recruiting, levying the army, and fixing the duration of military service ( 1843 – 44 ); the adoption of an Ottoman national anthem and Ottoman national flag ( 1844 ); the first nationwide Ottoman census in 1844 ( only male citizens were counted ); the first national identity cards ( officially named the Mecidiye identity papers, or informally kafa kağıdı ( head paper ) documents, 1844 ); the institution of a Council of Public Instruction ( 1845 ) and the Ministry of Education ( Mekatib-i Umumiye Nezareti, 1847, which later became the Maarif Nezareti, 1857 ); the abolition of slavery and slave trade ( 1847 ); the establishment of the first modern universities ( darülfünun, 1848 ), academies ( 1848 ) and teacher schools ( darülmuallimin, 1848 ); establishment of the Ministry of Healthcare ( Tıbbiye Nezareti, 1850 ); the Commerce and Trade Code ( 1850 ); establishment of the Academy of Sciences ( Encümen-i Daniş, 1851 ); establishment of the Şirket-i Hayriye which operated the first steam-powered commuter ferries ( 1851 ); the first European style courts ( Meclis-i Ahkam-ı Adliye, 1853 ) and supreme judiciary council ( Meclis-i Ali-yi Tanzimat, 1853 ); establishment of the modern Municipality of Istanbul ( Şehremaneti, 1854 ) and the City Planning Council ( İntizam-ı Şehir Komisyonu, 1855 ); the abolition of the capitation ( Jizya ) tax on non-Muslims, with a regular method of establishing and collecting taxes ( 1856 ); non-Muslims were allowed to become soldiers ( 1856 ); various provisions for the better administration of the public service and advancement of commerce ; the establishment of the first telegraph networks ( 1847 – 1855 ) and railroads ( 1856 ); the replacement of guilds with factories ; the establishment of the Ottoman Central Bank ( originally established as the Bank-ı Osmanî in 1856, and later reorganized as the Bank-ı Osmanî-i Şahane in 1863 ) and the Ottoman Stock Exchange ( Dersaadet Tahvilat Borsası, established in 1866 ); the Land Code ( Arazi Kanunnamesi, 1857 ); permission for private sector publishers and printing firms with the Serbesti-i Kürşad Nizamnamesi ( 1857 ); establishment of the School of Economical and Political Sciences ( Mekteb-i Mülkiye, 1859 ); the Press and Journalism Regulation Code ( Matbuat Nizamnamesi, 1864 ); among others.

" Political science intersects with other fields ; including anthropology, public administration, public policy, national politics, economics, international relations, comparative politics, psychology, sociology, history, law, political organization, and political theory.

Political scientists study matters concerning the allocation and transfer of power in decision making, the roles and systems of governance including governments and international organizations, political behavior and public policies.

Political unrest, including private and public sector strikes throughout 1992 and 1993, jeopardized the reform program, shrank the tax base, and disrupted vital economic activity.

“ Political ” is used by AI to refer to aspects of human relations related to “ politics ”: the mechanisms of society and civil order, the principles, organization, or conduct of government or public affairs, and the relation of all these to questions of language, ethnic origin, sex or religion, status or influence ( among other factors ).

Political opponents counter that it would be far cheaper to develop specific technologies directly if they are beneficial and scoff at this justification for public expenditures on space-related research.

Political decentralization aims to give citizens or their elected representatives more power in public decision-making.

Political decentralization often requires constitutional or statutory reforms, creation of local political units, and the encouragement of effective public interest groups.

Meeting Gandhi a month later at the Gujarat Political Conference in Godhra, Patel became the secretary of the Gujarat Sabha — a public body which would become the Gujarati arm of the Indian National Congress — at Gandhi's encouragement.

However, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights left the issue of conscientious objection inexplicit, as we see in this quote from War Resisters International: " Article 18 of the Covenant does put some limits on the right freedom of thought, conscience and religion, stating that manifestations must not infringe on public safety, order, health or morals.

Political issues in Marlboro include land development and loss of open space, growth of population leading to the need for additional public schools and higher property taxes, and recurring instances of political corruption.

During the same period, Taylor was employed by the Political Warfare Executive as an expert on Central Europe and frequently spoke on the radio and at various public meetings.

From 1987 to 1991, Hawkins co-hosted the San Francisco public policy television program " That's Politics " and a weekly radio show, " California Political Review ".

Political accountability is the accountability of the government, civil servants and politicians to the public and to legislative bodies such as a congress or a parliament.

Political tensions arose from issues of taxation, public spending, regulation of business, and market supervision, as well as the limits of corporate autonomy.

Every year, the British Political Studies Association awards the Walter Bagehot Prize for the best dissertation in the field of government and public administration.

The United Nations General Assembly adopted the Convention on the Political Rights of Women, which went into force in 1954, enshrining the equal rights of women to vote, hold office, and access public services as set out by national laws.

Some people, such as the following authors, have inferred, insinuated, or suggested that entering a state of perpetual war becomes progressively easier in a modern democratic republic, such as the United States, due to the development of a relationship network between people who wield political and economic power also owning capital in companies that financially profit from war, lobby for war, and influence public opinion of war through influence of Mass media outlets that control the presentation for the causes of war, the effects of war, and the Censorship of war: ( 1 ) " The Iron Triangle: Inside the Secret World of the Carlyle Group " ( 2004 )" by Dan Briody ; ( 2 ) " The Pentagon Labyrinth: 10 Short Essays to Help You Through It " ( 2011 ) an anthology by nine authors who are Pierre M. Sprey, George Wilson, Franklin C. Spinney, Bruce I. Gudmundsson, Col. G. I. Wilson, Col. Chet Richards, Andrew Cockburn, Thomas Christie, and Winslow T. Wheeler ; ( 3 ) " Prophets of War: Lockheed Martin and the Making of the Military-Industrial Complex " ( 2010 ), by William D. Hartung ; ( 4 ) " Media Control, Second Edition: The Spectacular Achievements of Propaganda ( 2002 ), by Noam Chomsky ; and ( 5 ) " Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media " ( 2002 ), by Edward S. Herman and Noam Chomsky.

Political capital is the sentiment that a politician has a legitimate political mandate to enact policy in the eyes of the voting public.

In his preface to the 1817 publication, Jefferson wrote, " By diffusing sound principles of Political Economy, it will protect the public industry from the parasite institutions now consuming it.