Category: Political science educators

Category: Political science

: W Political science

Political economy was the earlier name for the subject, but economists in the latter 19th century suggested ' economics ' as a shorter term for ' economic science ' that also avoided a narrow political-interest connotation and as similar in form to ' mathematics ', ' ethics ', and so forth.

* Political science

Category: Political science terms

Category: Political science terms

Political science, the study of politics, examines the acquisition and application of power.

* Political science

Political science is a social science discipline concerned with the study of the state, government, and politics.

" Political science intersects with other fields ; including anthropology, public administration, public policy, national politics, economics, international relations, comparative politics, psychology, sociology, history, law, political organization, and political theory.

Political science is commonly divided into three distinct sub-disciplines which together constitute the field: political philosophy, comparative politics and international relations.

Political science is methodologically diverse and appropriates many methods originating in social research.

Political science, as one of the social sciences, uses methods and techniques that relate to the kinds of inquiries sought: primary sources such as historical documents and official records, secondary sources such as scholarly journal articles, survey research, statistical analysis, case studies, experimental research and model building.

Political science as a separate field is a relatively late arrival in terms of social sciences.

Political science conferences and journals often emphasize scholarship in more specific categories.

simple: Political science

# REDIRECT Political science

Political fiction frequently employs the literary modes of satire, often in the genres of Utopian and dystopian fiction or social science fiction.

Category: Political science

* Political science

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Category: Political science theories

Political Parties in a New Nation: The American Experience, 1776 – 1809 ( 1963 ), political science perspective

The American Political Science Association was founded in 1903 and the American Political Science Review was founded in 1906 in an effort to distinguish the study of politics from economics and other social phenomena.

Political ecology differs from apolitical ecological studies by politicizing environmental issues and phenomena.

In his 1988 book, The Socialist System, The Political Economy of Communism he argued that the command economy based on the unchallenged control by a Marxist-Leninist communist party leads to a predominance of bureaucratic administration of state firms, through centralized planning and management, and the use of administrative pricing to eliminate the effects of the market, leading to individual responses to the incentives of this system, ultimately causing observable and inescapable economic phenomena known as the shortage economy.

In The Political Economy of Peer Production Bauwens regards p2p phenomena as an emerging alternative to capitalist society, although he argues that " Peer production is highly dependent on the market for peer production produces use-value through mostly immaterial production, without directly providing an income for its producers.

In The Political Economy of Peer Production Bauwens regards P2P phenomena as an emerging alternative to capitalist society.

He published a number of books decrying the breakdown of the social order, such as The Great Law of Subordination Considered ( 1724 ) and Everybody's Business is Nobody's Business ( 1725 ) and works on the supernatural, like The Political History of the Devil ( 1726 ), A System of Magick ( 1726 ) and An Essay on the History and Reality of Apparitions ( 1727 ).

Though states ( or increasingly, international organizations ) are usually the only ones with standing to address a violation of international law, some treaties, such as the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights have an optional protocol that allows individuals who have had their rights violated by member states to petition the international Human Rights Committee.

# Political influence: Smaller countries, such as Portugal and the Netherlands, who do not carry much political clout on the international stage, are given a substantial increase in influence through membership in IGOs, such as the European Union.

Political and environmental considerations make it unlikely such an engine will be used in the foreseeable future, since nuclear thermal rockets would be most useful at or near the Earth's surface and the consequences of a malfunction could be disastrous.

Political philosophies commonly described as libertarian socialist include most varieties of anarchism ( especially anarchist communism, anarchist collectivism, anarcho-syndicalism, mutualism ) as well as autonomism, communalism, participism, some versions of " utopian socialism and individualist anarchism., and also libertarian Marxist philosophies such as council communism and Luxemburgism.

Since 1994, the United Nations Human Rights Committee has also ruled that such laws violate the right to privacy guaranteed in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.

Political parties were offered concessions, such as taxes on imported grain, in exchange for their support for naval bills.

Political philosophies commonly described as libertarian socialist include most varieties of anarchism ( especially anarchist communism, anarchist collectivism, anarcho-syndicalism, mutualism ) as well as autonomism, communalism, participism, libertarian Marxist philosophies such as council communism and Luxemburgism, and some versions of " utopian socialism and individualist anarchism.

Political nihilism, a branch of nihilism, follows the characteristic nihilist's rejection of non-rationalized or non-proven assertions ; in this case the necessity of the most fundamental social and political structures, such as government, family, and law.

An author who focuses on Rand's ethics, Tara Smith, stays closer to Rand's original ideas in such works as Moral Rights and Political Freedom ( 1995 ), Viable Values ( 2000 ), and Ayn Rand's Normative Ethics ( 2006 ).

Political philosophy is the study of such topics as politics, liberty, justice, property, rights, law, and the enforcement of a legal code by authority: what they are, why ( or even if ) they are needed, what, if anything, makes a government legitimate, what rights and freedoms it should protect and why, what form it should take and why, what the law is, and what duties citizens owe to a legitimate government, if any, and when it may be legitimately overthrown, if ever.

Political pessimism has sometimes found expression in dystopian novels such as George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four.

Political powers of their leader, Daijō Daijin and his aides, Sadaijin and Nadaijin were ambiguous and frequently conflicted with other positions such as Sangi.

Michael Freeden in his study Ideologies and Political Theory ( 1996 ) states that all socialists share five themes: the first is that socialism posits that society is more than a mere collection of individuals ; second, that it considers human welfare a desirable objective ; third, that it considers humans by nature to be active and productive ; fourth, it holds the belief of human equality ; and fifth, that history is progressive and will create positive change on the condition that humans work to achieve such change.

Political education was aimed at creating a new social values based on the principles of Sandinista socialism, such as social solidarity, worker's democracy, egalitarianism, and anti-imperialism.

* Political rights to which the settlers had previously been accustomed, such as the right to keep and bear arms and the right to trial by jury, were denied.

Political scientists such as French sociologist Maurice Duverger as well as American professor William H. Riker of the University of Rochester and others speculate that there are correlations between voting rules and type of party system.

The declaration has served as the foundation for two binding UN human rights covenants, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the principles of the Declaration are elaborated in international treaties such as the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the International Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women, the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, the United Nations Convention Against Torture and many more.

With the decreasing number of such matters to be addressed as the trust territories attained independence and the decolonization movement progressed, the functions of the Special Political Committee were merged into the Fourth Committee during the 1990s.

Political rights include natural justice ( procedural fairness ) in law, such as the rights of the accused, including the right to a fair trial ; due process ; the right to seek redress or a legal remedy ; and rights of participation in civil society and politics such as freedom of association, the right to assemble, the right to petition, the right of self-defense, and the right to vote.

They are also defined in international human rights instruments, such as the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the 1966 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.