Pollination occurs by insects and bees.

Pollination occurs early the following spring, with the male cones long.

Pollination of one flower by the pollen of a different flower of the same plant ( geitonogamy ) is common.

* Effects of pollination on Citrus plants Pollination of Citrus by Honey Bees

* Pollination management – horticultural practices that accomplish or enhance pollination of a crop, to improve yield or quality, by understanding of the particular crop's pollination needs, and by knowledgeable management of pollenizers, pollinators, and pollination conditions.

Pollination by a honey bee

Pollination is by a wide range of bees, flies and moths and butterflies.

Pollination is by wind.

Pollination is by wind, with the female catkins lengthening considerably between pollination and maturity.

Pollination by certain moths may be important however, even crucial, for some wildflowers mutually adapted to specialist pollinators.

Pollination is the process by which pollen is transferred in the reproduction of plants, thereby enabling fertilization and sexual reproduction.

Pollination can be accomplished by cross-pollination or by self-pollination:

* Insect Pollination Of Cultivated Crop Plants by S. E. McGregor USDA 1972 ( needs updating but still valuable )

Pollination by wind and rain are also thought to be important.

Pollination is usually carried out by wind, water or insects.

Pollination can also be accomplished by cross-pollination.

Pollination is effected by the reverse procedure in which one of the pollinia becomes trapped within the anther slit.

Pollination is poorly understood, but plants left outdoors in temperate regions do sometimes produce seed, indicating pollination by local insects.

Pollination is by Lepidoptera ( moths ) and bees ; like many members of the Onagraceae, however, the pollen grains are loosely held together by viscin threads ( see photo below ), meaning that only bees that are morphologically specialized to gather this pollen can effectively pollinate the flowers ( it cannot be held effectively in a typical bee scopa ).

Pollination is by insects.

* HYBRID VIGOR IN PLANTS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO INSECT POLLINATION — a section from Insect Pollination Of Cultivated Crop Plants by S. E.

Pollination is by evening-or night-flying insects.

Pollination in which nectar or pollen ( food resources ) are traded for pollen dispersal ( a service ) or ant protection of aphids, where the aphids trade sugar-rich honeydew ( a by-product of their mode of feeding on plant sap ) in return for defense against predators such as ladybird beetles.

Pollination is done by the giant sphinx moth, the only local insect with a long enough proboscis to pollinate the flowers and access the extremely long nectar spur.

Pollination is a classic example of mutualism.

Pollination is required for seed formation, but the presence of seeds negatively affects the quality of the fruit.

Pollination is a necessary step in the reproduction of flowering plants, resulting in the production of offspring that are genetically diverse.

Pollination management is a branch of agriculture that seeks to protect and enhance present pollinators and often involves the culture and addition of pollinators in monoculture situations, such as commercial fruit orchards.

Pollination is either entomophilous ( via insects ), ornithophilous ( via birds ), or cheiropterophilous ( via bats ).

Pollination is the process of pollen from one flower being transferred to another, required for certain plants, in this case fruit trees, to produce seeds with surrounding fruit.

Pollination management is an important component of apple culture.

Pollination is predominately via insects or wind.

Pollination in this genus is accomplished in an unusual manner.

Pollination is a mutualistic relationship between plants and pollinators leading to an extremely high level of competition.

Skunk cabbage is notable for its ability to generate temperatures of up to 15-35 ° C above air temperature by cyanide resistant cellular respiration in order to melt its way through frozen ground ,< ref name =" thorington "> Thorington, Katherine K .: " Pollination and Fruiting Success in the Eastern Skunk Cabbage ", The Journal of Biospheric Science, vol 1 no.

Pollination is in mid spring, with the cones maturing 18 – 20 months after.

* Pollination syndromes images at bioimages. vanderbilt. edu

Pollination beekeepers move honey bee hives at night in vast quantities so fruits and vegetables have enough pollinating insects available for maximum levels of production.

( ISHS ) 561: 331-332 ( FAO ) VIII International Symposium on Pollination ; Pollination: Integrator of Crops and Native Plant Systems

Partners in Pollination / Alianza para Polinizacion, a consortium of non-profit organizations, universities, and businesses, was formed in 1995 to increase awareness of the importance of pollinators to ecosystems, encourage research and conservation on plant / pollinator interactions, and influence policy related to plant / pollinator conservation.

* DOEN-Project on Butterfly Pollination.