However, historians also argue that Pombal ’ s " enlightenment ," while far-reaching, was primarily a mechanism for enhancing autocracy at the expense of individual liberty and especially an apparatus for crushing opposition, suppressing criticism, and furthering colonial

In 1756, during the rule of the Marquês de Pombal, the Companhia Geral da Agricultura das Vinhas do Alto Douro ( C. G. A. V. A. D., also known as the General Company of Viticulture of the Upper Douro or Douro Wine Company ), was founded to guarantee the quality of the product and fair pricing to the end consumer.

Then he opted for a career in the diplomatic service and in 1758 he was sent to the French Embassy in Lisbon and met with the Marquis de Pombal.

He succeeded to the Portuguese throne in 1750, when he was 36 years old, and almost immediately placed effective power in the hands of Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, better known today as the Marquis of Pombal.

Maria would grow up in a time when her father's government and country was governed completely by the first Marquis of Pombal.

Her first act as queen was to dismiss the popular Secretary of State of the Kingdom, the Marquis of Pombal, who had broken the power of the reactionary aristocracy via the Tavora affair, partially because of Pombal's Enlightenment, anti-Jesuit policies.

Sebastião de Melo was made Count of Oeiras for his competent handling of the affair, and later, in 1770, was promoted to Marquis of Pombal, the name by which he is known today.

When asked what was to be done, Pombal reportedly replied " Bury the dead and heal the living ," and set about organizing relief and rehabilitation efforts.

The prime minister was the favorite of the king, but the aristocracy despised him as an upstart son of a country squire ( although Prime Minister Sebastião de Melo is known today as Marquis of Pombal, the title was only granted in 1770, fifteen years after the earthquake ).

Before 1 November 1755 there was a constant struggle for power and royal favor, but the competent response of the Marquis of Pombal effectively severed the power of the old aristocratic factions.

Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Count of Oeiras, 1st Marquis of Pombal ( Marquês de Pombal, ; 13 May 1699 – 8 May 1782 ) was an 18th century Portuguese statesman.

Pombal was instrumental in weakening the grip of the Inquisition.

However, historians argue that Pombal ’ s " enlightenment ," while far-reaching, was primarily a mechanism for enhancing autocracy at the expense of individual liberty and especially an apparatus for crushing opposition, suppressing criticism, and furthering colonial economic exploitation as well as intensifying print censorship and consolidating personal control and profit.

Because the Jesuits were the chief inquisitors in Portugal in the 18th century, Pombal ’ s efforts against their order was instrumental in weakening the grip of the Inquisition.

While Pombal was keen to make Portugal less dependent on Britain, this was a long term goal, and he and the King rejected the Bourbon ultimatum.

Born to a poor family in a farm in Pombal, Ritápolis, near to São João del Rey, Minas Gerais, Tiradentes was adopted by his godfather and moved to Vila Rica ( now Ouro Preto ) after the deaths of his parents ( mother in 1755 ; father in 1757 ).

And by the order of Charles III the Jesuits were suppressed and expelled from the Kingdom of Naples in 1767, a move in which Tanucci was in general sympathy with other progressive ministers at the Bourbon courts, as Aranda in Spain, Choiseul in France, du Tillot in Parma, and also with Pombal in Portugal.

A Royal Textile Factory, was established in the city by the Marquis of Pombal in 1763, and Covilhã was granted city status in 20 October 1870 by king Luís I of Portugal.

Covilhã is traditionally a center of wool and textile industries-the university central building was the Royal Textile Factory, established by the Marquis of Pombal in the 18th century.

A conspiracy of nobles aimed at murdering King Joseph and the Marquis gave Pombal the opportunity ( some say, the pretext ) to get rid of the Távora family, and to expel the Jesuits in September 1759, thus gaining control of public education and a wealth of church lands and ushering Portugal, which had been a backwater dominated by the High Aristocracy and a very conservative brand of Catholicism, into the Enlightenment age.

Its important role as municipality only achieved its zenith in 1836, after the Marquess of Pombal designated the Douro, its vineyards and wine, as a quality brand for export.

The UBI adapted the buildings of the former Real Fábrica de Panos ( Royal Textile Factory ), an important national woollens manufacturer established by Marquês de Pombal in 1764.

In 1758 the reforming minister of Joseph I of Portugal ( 1750 – 77 ), the Marquis of Pombal, expelled the Jesuits from Portugal, and shipped them en masse to Civitavecchia, as a " gift for the Pope.

* Marquis of Pombal ( 1699 – 1782 ) Portuguese statesman notable for his swift and competent leadership in the aftermath of the 1755 Lisbon earthquake.

Pombal is notable for his swift and competent leadership in the aftermath of the 1755 Lisbon earthquake.

The in-laws made life unbearable for the young couple ; the newlyweds eventually moved to Melo's properties near Pombal.

The Jesuits were later also often at odds with the Portuguese authorities, mainly the Marquês de Pombal, who eventually expelled them from Brazil for protecting converted natives in their missions.

Under the Marquis of Pombal administration ( 1750 – 1777 ), Brazil started to use only Portuguese, for he expelled the Jesuit missionares – who taught the Língua Geral – and prohibited the use of Nhengatu, or Lingua Franca.

Around 1774, the Marquis of Pombal, prime-minister of King José I, took protective measures for the commercialisation of the wine of Carcavelos and established the Royal Factory of Wool in the village, which existed until the early 19th century.

The municipality was founded in 1759 by the Marquis of Pombal, as a reward granted by king José I to his minister for having reconstructed downtown Lisbon after the 1755 Lisbon earthquake, it was at the county that he built a magnificent manor-house, the Palace of the Counts of Oeiras, which still exhibits grand stone staircases, statues, splendid tiles and beautiful gardens with cascades and an aqueduct with arches.

In 1759, the Távora affair emerged after an assassination attempt on her husband failed and the powerful Távora family were, in the eyes of Pombal, completely responsible for the attack.

The move of the King and his first Minister, and Secretary of State for the Kingdom's Businesses ( the Marquess of Pombal ), made the Belém-Ajuda axis during the third quarter of the 18th century, the centre of the bureaucracy and attracting commerce.

During his life, he supervised the building or restoration of several other frontier castles for the Templars: the Almourol, Idanha, Ceres, Monsanto and Pombal ( founding the settlement of Pombal and issuing a foral in 1174 ).

The Marquis of Pombal was responsible for its planning, designing the town in a Pombaline orthogonal grid, which he also used during the reconstruction of Lisbon.

* 1759, January 13 — All members of the Távora family are executed for high-treason and attempted regicide by orders of the Marquis of Pombal.

When the Portuguese Prime-Minister Marquis of Pombal expelled the Jesuits from Brazil in 1759, the language started to wane fast, as few Brazilians were literate in it.

* Church of the Jesuit College, located in the Largo do Marques de Pombal, half a kilometre north of the historic centre, the Church was part of a group of buildings constructed by the Campanhia do Jesus ( the Jesuits ) to provide ecclesiastical education to the residents of Ponta Delgada.

Its use later declined, partially as a result of the imposition of the Portuguese language by the Marquis of Pombal ( 1758 ) and of the expulsion of the Jesuits from Brazil ( 1759 ), as well as because of immigration from Portugal.

* July – José I takes over the throne of Portugal from his deceased father, João V. King José Manuel appoints the Marquis of Pombal as his Chief Minister, who then strips the Inquisition of its power.

Pombal had sent urgent messages to London requesting military assistance, but no British troops were sent, instead Britain sent Wilhelm, Count of Schaumburg-Lippe-Bückeburg and some of its military staff to organize the Portuguese Army.

After the Marquis of Pombal became the owner of the farm and its grange it changed its name to Granja do Marquês.

It takes its name from Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Marquess of Pombal, the Prime Minister to Joseph I of Portugal from 1750 to 1777 and key figure of the Enlightenment in Portugal, who took the lead in ordering the rebuilding of Lisbon after the 1755 earthquake.