In a book review of `` The Soviet Cultural Offensive '', he says, `` Long before the State Department organized its bureaucracy into an East-West Contacts Staff in order to wage a cultural counter-offensive within Soviet borders, the sharp cutting-edge of American culture had carved its mark across the Russian steppes, as when the enterprising promoters of ' Porgy And Bess ' overrode the State Department to carry the contemporary ' cultural warfare ' behind the enemy lines.

A third single was released amid controversy before Christmas 1984: a revival of " It Ain't Necessarily So ", the George and Ira Gershwin classic ( from Porgy and Bess ) which questions the authenticity of Biblical tales.

In 1976 Oscar Peterson played ( with Joe Pass on acoustic guitar ) songs from Porgy And Bess on the clavichord.

He was also responsible, along with DuBose Heyward, for the libretto to George's opera Porgy and Bess.

In 1958, Davis and Evans were back in the studio to record Porgy and Bess, an arrangement of pieces from George Gershwin's opera of the same name.

Porgy and Bess ( 1935 ), influenced by jazz styles, and Candide ( 1956 ), with its sweeping, lyrical passages and farcical parodies of opera, both opened on Broadway but became accepted as part of the opera repertory.

Porgy and Bess tops a list which includes Carousel, She Loves Me, and The Wiz, which he saw six times.

* In late March 1976, the first truly complete recording of the opera Porgy and Bess is released in a 3-LP set, by Decca Records in England and by London Records in the U. S. It stars Willard White and Leona Mitchell.

Many celebrities appear, including Oscar Levant, Fred Astaire, Otto Klemperer, Lily Pons, and members of the original cast of Porgy and Bess.

* Porgy and Bess ( 1959 ): a Hollywoodization of the George Gershwin opera

* Porgy and Bess ( 1959 )

Much of the recitative of George Gershwin's opera Porgy and Bess, for instance, is merely DuBose and Dorothy Heyward's play Porgy set to music as written-in prose-with the lyrics of the arias, duets, trios and choruses written in verse.

* " Summertime " ( song ), a 1935 popular song by George Gershwin from the opera Porgy and Bess

Even before the play had been fully written, Heyward was in discussions with George Gershwin for an operatic version of his novel, which appeared in 1935 as Porgy and Bess ( renamed to distinguish it from the play ).

George and Ira Gershwin, along with DuBose Heyward, based the libretto of their opera version, Porgy and Bess, not on the original novel, but on the play.

( In the novel, after Bess leaves with " Sportin ' Life " and goes to New York, Porgy merely returns from jail, disillusioned, to being a beggar.

* Fitzgerald recorded three Verve studio albums with Armstrong, two albums of standards ( 1956's Ella and Louis and 1957's Ella and Louis Again ), and a third album featured music from the Gershwin musical Porgy and Bess.

Louis Armstrong served as a model for Cab Calloway, whose 1930s scat solos inspired Gershwin's use of the medium in his Porgy and Bess ; it was from the 1926 recording of " Heebie Jeebies " arose the techniques that would form the foundation of modern scat.

" by Tim Hardin, credited, quoting ( during a live recording ) " Summertime ", from Porgy and Bess by George Gershwin, uncredited.

* Maria, Porgy and Bess ( Gershwin )

In his teens, he toured with Dorothy Dandridge and Nat King Cole, joined the Wings Over Jordan Gospel Singers for a while, and also played a small part in the film Porgy and Bess.

Productions under the new ownership have included The Rat Pack: Live From Las Vegas, which closed in October 2006, and a new musical version of Gershwin's Porgy and Bess, directed by Trevor Nunn, which premièred in 2006.

Alternative spellings and variants of the name itself include " Kiawa ," " Kittiwar " ( in DuBose Heyward's novel Porgy ), and " Kittiwah " ( in George Gershwin's opera Porgy and Bess ).

In 1937, George Gershwin ( 1898 – 1937 ) conducted a suite from his opera Porgy and Bess, then was soloist in his Concerto in F with Pierre Monteux conducting.

In 1952 he played the prominent role of " Sportin ' Life " in a production of the Gershwin opera Porgy and Bess with William Warfield and Leontyne Price as the title characters.

They can also be heard in the 1993 television production of Gershwin's Porgy and Bess, conducted by Simon Rattle and the 1989 EMI recording of the opera.

* Selections from George Gershwin's folk opera Porgy and Bess, vol.

* Various Artists – Selections from George Gershwin's folk opera Porgy and Bess

Together they created the experimental one-act jazz opera Blue Monday set in Harlem, which is widely regarded as a forerunner to Porgy and Bess ten years later.

Porgy and Bess is an opera, first performed in 1935, with music by George Gershwin, libretto by DuBose Heyward, and lyrics by DuBose Heyward and Ira Gershwin.

Gershwin prepared an orchestral suite containing music from the opera after Porgy and Bess closed early on Broadway.

Oscar Peterson recorded ten titles from the opera on his 1959 album Oscar Peterson Plays Porgy & Bess.

In 2001, Porgy and Bess was proclaimed the official opera of the state of South Carolina.

* Fisher, Burton D. Porgy and Bess ( Opera Journeys Mini Guide Series ) Coral Gables, Florida: Opera Journeys Publishing, 2000, ISBN 1-930841-19-1 Overview of the opera

* Porgy and Bess NPR webcast of full opera, staged November 12, 2005 at the Kennedy Center, Washington, DC

* " Porgy and Bess: An American Voice " Online version of PBS documentary on the opera

Porgy is a novel written by the American author DuBose Heyward in 1925, as well as a play which Dorothy Heyward helped him to write which was premiered in 1927.

They are from The Theatre Guild Production Porgy a folk play by Dubose and Dorothy Heyward.

* Full text of Porgy plus criticism and commentary by Kendra Hamilton, hosted by the University of Virginia

Tibbett performed the roles of Porgy and Jake in the first album of selections from George Gershwin's Porgy and Bess, two roles which, on stage, are usually performed by black singers.

* The Lighting Archive online complete lighting paperwork for West Side Story, Porgy and Bess, Sweeney Todd, Martha Graham, Alvin Ailey, by lighting designers Nick Cernovich, Jean Rosenthal, Ken Billington, and Gilbert Helmsley

The 1940 / 1942 Decca Porgy and Bess recording with members of the original cast was included by the National Recording Preservation Board in the Library of Congress, National Recording Registry in 2003.

* Article on Porgy and Bess by Jane Erb, hosted by classical. net

In 1959, she played Clara in the film version of Gershwin's Porgy and Bess, but her character's singing parts were dubbed by opera singer Loulie Jean Norman.

Another descendant of Heyward was DuBose Heyward ( 1885 – 1940 ), a poet, novelist and playwright who influenced the Southern Renaissance and is most well known for the 1925 novel and 1927 play Porgy, and the libretto to the 1935 opera Porgy and Bess, by George Gershwin and based on the play.

Todd Duncan was a D. C .- born singer who made history by being the first to play the lead of the opera Porgy and Bess ; he later became the first black man to play Tonio in I Pagliacci.