Portuguese discoveries | Portuguese expeditions 1415 – 1542: arrival places and dates ; Portuguese spice trade routes in the Indian Ocean ( blue ); territories of the Portuguese empire under King John III of Portugal | King John III rule ( green )

Adamastor is a Greek-type mythological character invented by the Portuguese poet Luís de Camões in his epic poem Os Lusíadas ( first printed in 1572 ), as a symbol of the forces of nature Portuguese navigators had to overcome during their discoveries, and more specifically of the dangers Portuguese sailors faced when trying to round the Cape of Storms.

Portuguese discoveries and explorations: first arrival places and dates ; main Portuguese spice trade routes in the Indian Ocean ( blue ); territories of the Portuguese empire under King John III of Portugal | King John III rule ( 1521-1557 ) ( green ).

The ship that truly launched the first phase of the Portuguese discoveries along the African coast was the caravel, a development based on existing fishing boats.

Another vector of the discoveries were the voyages westward, during which the Portuguese discovered the Sargasso Sea and possibly sighted the shores of Nova Scotia well before 1492.

The Corpo Cronológico ( Chronological Corpus ), a collection of manuscripts on the Portuguese explorations and discoveries in Africa, Asia and Latin America, was inscribed on UNESCO ’ s Memory of the World Register in 2007 in recognition of its historical value " for acquiring knowledge of the political, diplomatic, military, economic and religious history of numerous countries at the time of the Portuguese Discoveries.

Portuguese discoveries and explorations: first arrival places and dates ; main Portuguese spice trade routes in the Indian Ocean ( blue ); territories of the Portuguese empire under King John III of Portugal | King John III rule ( 1521-1557 ) ( green )

Category: Portuguese discoveries

The origin of the word is indeed very ancient, belonging to a period before the world discoveries by the Portuguese.

Nunes, considered to be one of the greatest mathematicians of his time, is best known for his contributions in the technical field of navigation, which was crucial to the Portuguese period of discoveries.

This version goes back to Meyer Kayserling's book Christopher Columbus and the participation of the Jews in the Spanish and Portuguese discoveries ( 1894 ).

The Corpo Cronológico ( Chronological Corpus ), a collection of manuscripts on the Portuguese explorations and discoveries in Africa, Asia and Latin America, was inscribed on UNESCO ’ s Memory of the World Register in 2007 in recognition of its historical value " for acquiring knowledge of the political, diplomatic, military, economic and religious history of numerous countries at the time of the Portuguese Discoveries.

These explorations in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans were soon followed by France, England and the Netherlands, who explored the Portuguese and Spanish trade routes into the Pacific Ocean, reaching Australia in 1606 and New Zealand in 1642.

Spanish and Portuguese explorations led to the first European sightings of the Americas and the sea passage along Cape of Good Hope to India, in the last decade of the century.

* Henry the Navigator Infante Henrique, Duke of Viseu ( 1394 – 1460 ); infante ( prince ) of the Portuguese House of Aviz and an important figure in the early days of the Portuguese Empire, being responsible for the beginning of the European worldwide explorations.

However the oldest signed Portuguese sea chart is a Portolan made by Pedro Reinel in 1485 representing the Western Europe and parts of Africa, reflecting the explorations made by Diogo Cão.

The trade of enslaved Africans in the Atlantic has its origins in the explorations of Portuguese mariners down the coast of West Africa in the 15th century.

The first explorations and conquests were made by the Spanish and the Portuguese, immediately following their own final reconquest of Iberia in 1492.

This was the main driving factor for the Portuguese explorations of the Indian Ocean, including the sea of China, resulting in the arrival in 1513 of the first European trading ship to the coasts of China, under Jorge Álvares and Rafael Perestrello, followed by the Fernão Pires de Andrade and Tomé Pires diplomatic and commercial mission of 1517, under the orders of Manuel I of Portugal, which opened formally relations between the Portuguese Empire and the Ming Dynasty during the reign of the Zhengde Emperor.

In the first years of John III's reign, explorations in the Far East continued and the Portuguese reached China and Japan ; however, these accomplishments were offset by pressure from a strengthening Ottoman Empire under Suleiman the Magnificent, especially in India, where attacks became more frequent.

Even before the Tordesilhas Treaty, such was the profit coming from John II's investments in the overseas explorations and expansion that the Portuguese currency had become the soundest in Europe.

The Portuguese explorations were his main priority in government, pushing south the known coast of Africa with the purpose of discovering the maritime route to India and breaking into the spice trade.

An African influence is evident in music and dance, and is moulding the way in which Portuguese is spoken, but is almost disappearing from the vocabulary.

A Polish journalist's account of Portuguese withdrawal from Angola and the beginning of the civil war.

In addition, mixed race ( European and African ) people amount to about 2 %, with a small ( 1 %) population of whites, mainly ethnically Portuguese ( as a former overseas territory of Portugal until 1975, the Portuguese make up currently the largest non-African population, with certainly more than 100, 000, a number that has been constantly increasing from the 2000s, because of Angola's growing demand for qualified human resources.

Besides the Portuguese, significant numbers of people from other European and from diverse Latin American countries ( especially Brazil ) can be found.

Parts of both countries were part of the Portuguese Empire from the early 16th century until Brazil's independence in 1822.

Portuguese has americano, denoting both a person or thing from the Americas and a U. S. national.

Adjectives derived from " United States " ( such as United Statesian ) are awkward in English, but similar constructions exist in Spanish ( estadounidense ), Portuguese ( estado-unidense, estadunidense ), Finnish ( yhdysvaltalainen: from Yhdysvallat, United States ), as well as in French ( états-unien ), and Italian ( statunitense ).

Amalaric ( Gothic: Amalareiks ), or in Spanish and Portuguese, Amalarico, ( 502 – 531 ) was king of the Visigoths from 526 until his assassination in 531.

The name of Germany and the German language, in French, Allemagne, allemand, in Portuguese Alemanha, alemão, in Spanish Alemania, alemán, and in Welsh ( Yr ) Almaen, almaeneg are derived from the name of this early Germanic tribal alliance.

The first assembly of the estates-general convened at Lamego ( wherein he would have been given the crown from the Archbishop of Braga, to confirm his independence ) is a 17th century embellishment of Portuguese history.

Although Afrikaans adopted words from languages such as Malay, Portuguese, the Bantu languages, and the Khoisan languages, an estimated 90 to 95 percent of Afrikaans vocabulary is ultimately of Dutch origin.

During the following centuries the monks from this monastery had an influencing effect on Portuguese culture.

The navy (, ) traces its heritage to Admiral Cochrane's mercenary fleet and to the tiny Portuguese ships and crews that protected the earliest coastal colonies from seaborne marauders.

Some etymologists believe it comes from a dialectal pronunciation of the Portuguese " bandore " or from an early anglicisation of the Spanish word " bandurria ", though other research suggests that it may come from a West African term for a bamboo stick formerly used for the instrument's neck.

According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the word baroque is derived from the Portuguese word " barroco ", Spanish " barroco ", or French " baroque ", all of which refer to a " rough or imperfect pearl ", though whether it entered those languages via Latin, Arabic, or some other source is uncertain.

Charlton opened the scoring with a crisp side-footed finish after a run by Roger Hunt had forced the Portuguese goalkeeper out of his net ; his second was a sweetly struck shot after a run and pull-back from Geoff Hurst.

The game of Crown Green Bowls is looking to grow with the introduction of the Portuguese Masters in October and recent interest from Sky TV to re-televise the sport.

* Roupa Velha ( Portuguese for " old clothes "), from Portugal, often made from leftovers from Cozido à Portuguesa.

* From 1415 to 1488, Portuguese navigators sailed along the Western African coast, reaching the Cape of Good Hope.

* 1415 – Henry the Navigator leads Portuguese forces to victory over the Marinids at the Battle of Ceuta.

* 1415: Henry the Navigator leads the conquest of Ceuta from the Moors marking the beginning of the Portuguese Empire.

July 25, 1415 marked the beginning of the Portuguese Empire, when the Portuguese Armada departed to the rich trade Islamic centre of Ceuta in North Africa with King John I and his wife Phillipa of Lancaster and their sons Prince Duarte ( future king ), Prince Pedro, Prince Henry the Navigator ( born in Porto in 1394 ) and Prince Afonso, and legendary Portuguese hero Nuno Álvares Pereira.

On August 21, 1415, Ceuta, the city on the coast of North Africa directly across from Gibraltar, was conquered by Portugal, and the long-lived Portuguese Empire was founded.

The history of Portugal from the death of Afonso III in 1279 until the beginning of the Portuguese Empire in 1415.

In 1415 a Portuguese fleet, commanded by the king and the three princes, set sail for Ceuta.

* Boxer, Charles R. The Portuguese Seaborne Empire 1415 – 1825

He was knighted in 1415, after the Portuguese capture of the city of Ceuta in North Africa, across from Gibraltar.

The Battle of Ceuta ( August 14, 1415 ) and the subsequent conquest of the Moroccan city of Ceuta by the Portuguese had its roots in the earliest years of the House of Aviz dynasty of Portugal.

Morocco-Portugal relations | Portuguese possessions in Morocco ( 1415 – 1769 )

In the 15th century, during the period of Portuguese maritime explorations, expeditions like the conquest of Ceuta ( 1415 ) were planned in the royal palace of Santarém.

Pedro de Meneses, first governor of Ceuta ( 1415 – 1437 ) after the Portuguese conquest, is buried in a magnificent Gothic tomb in the Church of the Grace ( Igreja da Graça ).

It began with the capture of Ceuta ( a terminus of the trans-Saharan trade route ) by the Portuguese in 1415.

Ceuta had been Portuguese since 1415 before becoming Spanish in 1640.

Those who stayed behind — mostly women and children — suffered deeply in their absence ; However, the Portuguese discoveries only started in 1415 and since the word has been found earlier this does not constitute a very good explanation.