Prior to modern times, there was no distinction between architects, engineers and often artists, and the title used varied depending on geographical location.

Prior to this assignment, no women had lived on island since those on the plantation in 1971.

Prior to version 0. 7, Freenet used a heuristic routing algorithm where each node had no fixed location, and routing was based on which node had served a key closest to the key being fetched ( in version 0. 3 ) or which is estimated to serve it faster ( in version 0. 5 ).

Prior to Gardner's investigations, no serious archaeological excavation had occurred at the city, though he himself soon unearthed four miles of earthworks, and uncovered finds that included tombs, pottery, and porcelain dating from Ming China.

Prior to that event, the north-flowing Steubenville River ( no longer in existence ) ended between New Martinsville and Paden City, West Virginia.

Prior to working at Atari, Alcorn had no experience with video games.

Prior to forming and commanding the Xiang Army, Zeng Guofan had no military experience.

Prior to the discovery of the Rosetta Stone and its eventual decipherment, there had been no understanding of the Ancient Egyptian language and script since shortly before the fall of the Roman Empire.

Prior to full membership it had no right to a seat as one of the elected members of the UN Security Council.

Prior to ratification of the Twenty-fifth Amendment in 1967, no provision existed for filling a vacancy in the office of Vice President.

Prior to this discovery, the earliest-known fossil turtles were terrestrial and had a complete shell, offering no clue to the evolution of this remarkable anatomical feature.

Prior to this, many nonwhite immigrants with full rights of citizenship in Britain were obliged to take the jobs that no one else wanted ( such as street cleaning, night-shift assembly production lines ), often paid considerably less than their white counterparts.

On 28 April, Powell spoke in the Commons against the Northern Ireland Secretary's ( Jim Prior ) plans for devolution to a power-sharing assembly in Northern Ireland: " We assured the people of the Falkland Islands that there should be no change in their status without their agreement.

Prior to 2005, after the top two cars were set, the top 14 cars in the qualifying races advanced to the field, and then between six ( 1998 – 2003 ), eight ( 1995 – 97, 2004 ), or ten ( until 1994 ) fastest cars which did not advance from the qualifying race were added, and, since 1976, between one and seven cars were added by previous year's points performance and or championship, except for 1985, when no such car was eligible for a provisional starting spot, the only time that happened in the Daytona 500 from when the provisional was added in 1976 through 2004.

Prior to the late 1930s, black tie was even discouraged as too informal for evening weddings, with Amy Vanderbilt arguing that " no man should ever be caught in a church in a tuxedo.

Prior to the European foundation of the city, there was no established nation state, and the population instead consisted of some indigenous semi-nomad groups that are collectively called Chichimecas.

Prior to the establishment of Glasnevin Cemetery, Irish Catholics had no cemeteries of their own in which to bury their dead and, as the repressive Penal Laws of the eighteenth century placed heavy restrictions on the public performance of Catholic services, it had become normal practice for Catholics to conduct a limited version of their own funeral services in Protestant cemeteries.

Prior to relocating to Chicago, the Everleigh sisters toured brothels in many cities, trying to find a location which had " plenty of wealthy men but no superior houses.

Prior to the war, with no useful landmass or natural resources, Bermuda was largely ignored and left to its own devices by the London government.

Prior to the adoption of Protocol no. 14, judges were elected for a six-year term, with the option of renewal.

Prior to August 1981, no great white shark in captivity lived longer than 11 days.

" Prior to filming, the AHA were told by the producer's office that no animals were to be used in the film.

Prior to the IEEE standard, programmers often used a special value ( such as − 99999999 ) to represent undefined or missing values, but there was no guarantee that they would be handled consistently or correctly.

Prior to the release of this tape, President Nixon had denied political motivations in his instructions to the CIA, and claimed he had no knowledge prior to March 21, 1973 of any involvement by senior campaign officials such as John Mitchell.

Prior to Fourier's work, no solution to the heat equation was known in the general case, although particular solutions were known if the heat source behaved in a simple way, in particular, if the heat source was a sine or cosine wave.

Prior to the 1999 season, Clemens was traded to the New York Yankees where he won his only two World Series titles.

Prior to the official engagement announcement, he abandoned his Greek and Danish royal titles, converted from Greek Orthodoxy to Anglicanism, and became a naturalised British subject, adopting the surname Mountbatten from his British maternal grandparents.

Prior to World War I they used the additional titles Prince ( Princess ) of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and Duke ( Duchess ) of Saxony as members of the House of Wettin.

Prior to receiving these titles, Rincewind held the post of Assistant Librarian, but it is unclear whether or not he retains the office.

Prior to the 1985 season, the team had won only two district titles in 20 years, and had never been to the state tournament.

Prior to the Korean Empire, several dynastic rulers of Gojoseon, Buyeo, Goguryeo, Silla, Baekje, Balhae and Goryeo claimed the right to imperial status and used imperial titles at one time or another.

Featured Pharaoh: The God's Father Ay, < cite > Ancient Egypt </ cite >, April / May 2006. p. 27 – 28 .</ ref > Prior to this promotion he appears to have been first a Troop Commander and then a " regular " Overseer of Horses, titles which were found on a box thought to have been part of the original furnishings for his tomb .< ref name =" Sunset 95 "> Dodson, Aidan.

Prior to the adoption of this resolution, members had no fixed designation Prior to Confederation members of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada had been known by various titles including MPP, MLA and MHA and this confusion persisted after 1867 with members of the Ontario legislature using the titles Members of the Legislative Assembly ( MLAs ) or Members of Provincial Parliament ( MPPs ) interchangeably.

Prior to GamesMaster appearing, games companies had very few TV shows on which to have their titles featured.

Prior to that, he had won the Mexican and regional NABF welterweight titles.

Prior to this revamp, Claremont was writing both of the main X-Men titles ( Uncanny X-Men and X-Men, the latter of which became New X-Men, and then X-Men: Legacy ).

Prior to 1920 he had won a number of Canadian doubles titles, but at the U. S. National Championships in 1918 and 1919 he lost the singles final to Robert Lindley Murray and " Little Bill " Johnston respectively in straight sets.

Prior to Michael Jordan, Gervin had the most scoring titles of any guard in league history.

Prior to the creation of this subsidiary, NIS software titles that appeared in the U. S. were localized and distributed by outside publishers.

Prior to Mr. Herbert, Sr .' s passing in the 1980s, he sold the business to Nick Karabots, who owned the printer where the titles were being printed.

Prior to becoming the publisher of their own games ( under Renegade Software ), early Bitmap Brothers titles were distributed by Image Works and Konami.

Prior to the creation of the Kingdom of Italian, in the duchy of Milan, the Heraldic Court of Milan ( the legal body empowered to decide on matters regarding titles of nobility ), awarded and registered the term “ nobile ” as a title of nobility, until Napoleon's army overran the Austrian Habsburg-controlled duchy in 1796.

Prior to the development of Mega Man, Capcom was primarily known for creating arcade games, with many of the company's releases on consoles being ports of these titles.

Prior to the senior coaching position, he had five successful years as the Queensland Bulls coach in which they enjoyed two Sheffield Shield titles, the one in 1994 / 95 was the first in the state's history, and two Mercantile Mutual Cup wins.