Prior to the mid 1990s, WNV disease occurred only sporadically and was considered a minor risk for humans, until an outbreak in Algeria in 1994, with cases of WNV-caused encephalitis, and the first large outbreak in Romania in 1996, with a high number of cases with neuroinvasive disease.

Prior to the integration of Newfoundland's public ( government-funded ) school system in the late 1990s, those public schools administered by the Catholic Church mandated strict, uniform-like dress codes ( shirts and ties for boys, dresses or skirts for girls ), though many girls were outraged at this due to the freezing weather, at the elementary and junior high school levels, lifting most restrictions for high school students.

Prior to the 1990s there was a wide cooperation between pioneer and similar movements of about 30 countries, coordinated by the international organization, International Committee of Children's and Adolescents ' Movements (, CIMEA ), founded in 1958, with headquarters in Budapest.

Prior to the early 1990s, it was common practice for the physician performing the procedure to prescribe an antibiotic to take for a few days to prevent an infection.

Prior to that, and particularly in the early 1990s, it was not uncommon for affiliates to preempt part or all of ABC's cartoon lineup with local programming.

" T. C. Jerdon noted that " his is the most common Vulture of India, and is found in immense numbers all over the country, ... At Calcutta one may frequently be seen seated on the bloated corpse of some Hindoo floating up or down with the tide, its wing spread, to assist in steadying it ..." Prior to the 1990s they were even seen as a nuisance, particularly to aircraft as they were often involved in bird strikes.

Prior to the 1990s, it was common for party and government officials to participate in the actual drafting of newspaper editorials.

Prior to the opening of SilverCity, in the late 1990s there was a Famous Players theatre located near the Palace Casino, as well as a second Cineplex Odeon below Ed's Recreation Centre ( formerly Red's ), on the main level with the Gourmet Court ( Phase III ).

Prior to the popularity of the internet in the 1990s, the most efficient way to distribute software and files across bbs's was via a courier system.

Prior to the 1990s the term " carjacking " did not exist.

Prior to the 1990s, supermoto bikes, including the precursor motorcycles used in Superbikers, were converted open-class two-stroke motocross or enduro bikes desired for their light weight and jumping abilities.

Prior to the 1990s the station was closed on Sundays.

Prior to these DVD releases, the BBC brought episodes to VHS in the 1990s.

Prior to the 1990s, the ROC had been a one-party authoritarian state committed to eventual reunification with mainland China.

Prior to his life as the Sultan or Agong, and even during the 1980s and early 1990s, Tunku Mahmud's reputation was more or less marred by a number of alleged controversial incidents which received occasional attention from the media.

Prior to the early 1990s, New World Order conspiracism was limited to two American countercultures, primarily the militantly anti-government right, and secondarily fundamentalist Christians concerned with end-time emergence of the Antichrist.

Prior to his career as a democratic reformist, Nabavi was considered an ideologue of the Iranian Islamic left until that force was sidelined by conservatives in the 1990s.

Prior to the 1990s there were only a handful of independent schools in Sweden, mostly tuition-funded boarding schools.

Prior to his retirement in the late 1990s, he also did voiceovers for the Game Show Network.

Prior to the 1990s, Argentine Tango was taught with a didactic method ; teaching tango by having students copy examples shown by the instructor.

Prior to that, it also had been a Rhythmic Top 40 simulcast of WWHT and its successor WAKS during the 1990s.

Prior to Brand New's official formation, in the late 1990s Jesse Lacey, Garrett Tierney, Brian Lane were all members of the post-hardcore band The Rookie Lot, along with Brandon Reilly and Alex Dunne of Crime in Stereo.

Prior to the late 1990s, the village was also accessible by railway.

Prior to Vale's purchase of Inco, a major construction effort by Inco in the early 1990s dramatically scrubbed waste gases before pumping them up the Superstack.

Prior to fall 2008, the channel had received much of its programming from CHUM's Citytv and A-Channel ( now CTV Two ) systems, which did not operate in the region ; beginning in the early 2000s, timeshifted CTV programs often aired on the channel as well.

Prior to their displacement on these services by railcars, right into the 2000s the Cravens could be found on outer suburban workings, such as those from Dublin to Arklow and Longford.

Prior to the 2000s, it was generally accepted that most home consoles were not powerful enough to accurately replicate arcade games ( such games are known as being " arcade-perfect ").

Prior to modern times, there was no distinction between architects, engineers and often artists, and the title used varied depending on geographical location.

Prior to this assignment, no women had lived on island since those on the plantation in 1971.

Prior to version 0. 7, Freenet used a heuristic routing algorithm where each node had no fixed location, and routing was based on which node had served a key closest to the key being fetched ( in version 0. 3 ) or which is estimated to serve it faster ( in version 0. 5 ).

Prior to Gardner's investigations, no serious archaeological excavation had occurred at the city, though he himself soon unearthed four miles of earthworks, and uncovered finds that included tombs, pottery, and porcelain dating from Ming China.

Prior to that event, the north-flowing Steubenville River ( no longer in existence ) ended between New Martinsville and Paden City, West Virginia.

Prior to working at Atari, Alcorn had no experience with video games.

Prior to forming and commanding the Xiang Army, Zeng Guofan had no military experience.

Prior to the discovery of the Rosetta Stone and its eventual decipherment, there had been no understanding of the Ancient Egyptian language and script since shortly before the fall of the Roman Empire.

Prior to full membership it had no right to a seat as one of the elected members of the UN Security Council.

Prior to ratification of the Twenty-fifth Amendment in 1967, no provision existed for filling a vacancy in the office of Vice President.

Prior to this discovery, the earliest-known fossil turtles were terrestrial and had a complete shell, offering no clue to the evolution of this remarkable anatomical feature.

Prior to this, many nonwhite immigrants with full rights of citizenship in Britain were obliged to take the jobs that no one else wanted ( such as street cleaning, night-shift assembly production lines ), often paid considerably less than their white counterparts.

On 28 April, Powell spoke in the Commons against the Northern Ireland Secretary's ( Jim Prior ) plans for devolution to a power-sharing assembly in Northern Ireland: " We assured the people of the Falkland Islands that there should be no change in their status without their agreement.

Prior to 2005, after the top two cars were set, the top 14 cars in the qualifying races advanced to the field, and then between six ( 1998 – 2003 ), eight ( 1995 – 97, 2004 ), or ten ( until 1994 ) fastest cars which did not advance from the qualifying race were added, and, since 1976, between one and seven cars were added by previous year's points performance and or championship, except for 1985, when no such car was eligible for a provisional starting spot, the only time that happened in the Daytona 500 from when the provisional was added in 1976 through 2004.

Prior to the late 1930s, black tie was even discouraged as too informal for evening weddings, with Amy Vanderbilt arguing that " no man should ever be caught in a church in a tuxedo.

Prior to the European foundation of the city, there was no established nation state, and the population instead consisted of some indigenous semi-nomad groups that are collectively called Chichimecas.

Prior to the establishment of Glasnevin Cemetery, Irish Catholics had no cemeteries of their own in which to bury their dead and, as the repressive Penal Laws of the eighteenth century placed heavy restrictions on the public performance of Catholic services, it had become normal practice for Catholics to conduct a limited version of their own funeral services in Protestant cemeteries.

Prior to relocating to Chicago, the Everleigh sisters toured brothels in many cities, trying to find a location which had " plenty of wealthy men but no superior houses.

Prior to the war, with no useful landmass or natural resources, Bermuda was largely ignored and left to its own devices by the London government.

Prior to the adoption of Protocol no. 14, judges were elected for a six-year term, with the option of renewal.

Prior to August 1981, no great white shark in captivity lived longer than 11 days.

" Prior to filming, the AHA were told by the producer's office that no animals were to be used in the film.

Prior to the IEEE standard, programmers often used a special value ( such as − 99999999 ) to represent undefined or missing values, but there was no guarantee that they would be handled consistently or correctly.

Prior to the release of this tape, President Nixon had denied political motivations in his instructions to the CIA, and claimed he had no knowledge prior to March 21, 1973 of any involvement by senior campaign officials such as John Mitchell.

Prior to Fourier's work, no solution to the heat equation was known in the general case, although particular solutions were known if the heat source behaved in a simple way, in particular, if the heat source was a sine or cosine wave.