Prior to the phylloxera epidemic, the insect plague which devastated French vineyards in the 19th century, these interspersed cuttings were transported to Chile where the field blends are still common today.

Prior to the phylloxera epidemic in the 1880s, wine was grown in Tokaj from various types of mainly white grape varieties.

Prior to the bubonic plague epidemic known as the Black Death, Mongol and Turkish armies were reported to have catapulted disease-laden corpses into besieged cities.

Prior to Wodziwob's religious movement, a devastating typhoid epidemic struck in 1867.

Prior to this, the last time it had been removed had been when the city was struck by a cholera epidemic in the 1930s.

The epidemic is cured with assistance from the Ancient Orlin, the Sodan, and the Jaffa Gerak ( who had been transformed into a Prior ), though not before thousands of lives are lost.

Prior to relocating to Chicago, the Everleigh sisters toured brothels in many cities, trying to find a location which had " plenty of wealthy men but no superior houses.

The wealthy Lord Prior built Highbury manor as a substantial stone country lodging with a grange and barn.

Prior to this, the tracks connected the town to Thomasville, then a popular resort destination for wealthy Northerners and Europeans.

Prior to this, in November 1989, a fellow employee reported that Ames seemed to be enjoying a lifestyle well beyond the means of a CIA officer and that his wife's family was less wealthy than he had claimed.

Prior to World War II, Forest Hill's population was predominantly made up of wealthy Anglo-Protestants.

Prior to their departure from Portsmouth each had received a considerable sum of money raised as a subscription on their behalf among the wealthy London Whigs.

Prior to this however, Doug has shown up in Jamaica, now married to Kerry ( Kelly Lynch ), a wealthy woman who openly flirts with other men and wears Tarzan-like bikinis.

Prior to his ascension to the skins of Yani, Naa Zangina was a very successful and wealthy trader.

Prior to that, plays were often held in parks or at the large houses of wealthy families.

Prior to his life as a prophet, Skrag was the Slaughtermaster to a wealthy Tyrant.

Prior to the mid-nineteenth century, the majority of Americans either made their own clothing, or if they were wealthy, purchased " tailor-made " customized clothing.

Prior to his ownership of the Cardinals, Bidwill was a successful businessman and wealthy lawyer in Chicago, Illinois, with ties to organized crime boss Al Capone.

Prior to the establishment of a railway system across the Indian subcontinent, palanquins were a luxurious method of travel used by wealthy merchants, noble men and women, European colonialists and members of the upper classes.

Prior to the 1980s, the vast majority of Chilean wine was considered low quality and mostly consumed domestically.

Prior to writing the script to Alien, O ' Bannon had been working in France for Chilean cult director Alejandro Jodorowsky's planned adaptation of Frank Herbert's classic science-fiction novel Dune.

Prior to becoming Chilean territory, Iquique was home to some of the greatest Peruvian heroes, namely Alfonso Ugarte ( who was elected Mayor in 1876 ), Ramon Zavala, a rich saltpeter entrepreneur ; Guillermo Billinghurst, later President of Peru ( who after being overthrown in 1914 came to Iquique-then already under Chilean rule-to live out his last years ), and Ramon Castilla, three times president of Peru, who was born in San Lorenzo de Tarapacá and died in the Desert of Tiviliche, Tarapacá, who lived in Iquique during his mandate as Governor of Tarapacá in 1825.

Prior to the abolition of serfdom, the most influential landowners of Sterlitamaksky Uyezd were the Levashovs ( from the village of Levashovka, now a part of the city ), the Mikhaylovs ( from the village of Mikhaylovka ; now Mikhaylovka Microdistrict ), the Belousovs ( from Belousovo, merged into the city in 2001 ).

Prior to 1942, automobiles were the individual responsibility of the agency to which assigned.

Prior to the year 1878, all apostolic letters and briefs requiring for their validity the leaden seal were engrossed upon rough parchment and in Gothic characters ( round letters, also called Gallicum and commonly Bollatico, but in Italy today Teutonic ) without lines, or diphthongs, or marks of punctuation.

Prior to major influence from outside, there were approximately 25, 000 Aleuts on the archipelago.

Prior to 2006, off-premises alcohol sales were forbidden until noon on Sundays, and liquor / wine stores were required to be closed the entire day.

Prior to 1991 the law was stricter, when changes more clearly defined which businesses were exempt such as pharmacies, hospitals, and restaurants.

Prior to the Smartmodem, modems were almost entirely manual in operation, having developed from acoustic couplers that used a traditional telephone for dialling and hanging up.

Prior movements had all originated in cities which were home to at least two teams.

Prior to 31 December 2010, deposits with building societies of up to £ 50, 000 per individual, per institution, were normally protected by the Financial Services Compensation Scheme ( FSCS ), but Nationwide and Yorkshire Building Societies negotiated a temporary change to the terms of the FSCS to protect members of the societies they acquired in late 2008 / early 2009.

Prior to 1948, various standards for luminous intensity were in use in a number of countries.

Prior to the development of the pound lock in 984AD in China by Chhaio Wei-Yo and later in Europe in the 15th century, either flash locks consisting of a single gate were used or ramps, sometimes equipped with rollers, were used to change level.

Prior to the internet, virtual communities ( like social or academic organizations ) were far more limited by the constraints of available communication and transportation technologies.

Prior to Kidd returning to New York City, he learned that he was a wanted pirate, and that several English men-of-war were searching for him.

Prior to the end of the slave trade and widespread abolition, when indigenous labour was unavailable, slaves were often imported to the Americas, first by the Spanish Empire, and later by the Dutch, French and British.

Prior to the charter, there were various statutes which protected an assortment of civil rights and obligations, but nothing was enshrined in the constitution until 1982.

Prior to the invention of tension rods drum skins were attached and tuned by rope systems such as that used on the Djembe or pegs and ropes such as that used on Ewe Drums, a system rarely used today, although sometimes seen on regimental marching band snare drums.

Prior to his inauguration, he led a meeting of advisors at Pearl Harbor addressing foremost issues ; agreed objectives were to balance the budget during his term, to bring the Korean War to an end, to defend vital interests at lower cost through nuclear deterrent, and to end price and wage controls.

Prior to the development of DTMF, numbers were dialed on automated telephone systems by means of pulse dialing ( Dial Pulse or DP in the U. S .) or loop disconnect ( LD ) signaling, which functions by rapidly disconnecting and re-connecting the calling party's telephone line, similar to flicking a light switch on and off.

Prior to the early 20th century, all shotgun barrels were forged by heating narrow strips of iron and steel and shaping them around a mandrel.

Prior to the start of the Civil War, Governor Samuel J. Kirkwood declared Davenport to be Iowa's first military headquarters and five camps were set up in the city to aid the Union.

Prior to World War II, destroyers were light vessels with little endurance for unattended ocean operations ; typically a number of destroyers and a single destroyer tender operated together.

Prior to the mid-20th century, double bass strings were usually made of gut, but since that time, steel strings have largely replaced gut strings, because steel strings hold their pitch better and yield more volume when played with the bow.

As time passed, Prior Diego sanctioned the building of a monastery for girls whose parents had sent them to the care of the Albigensians because their families were too poor to fulfill their basic needs.