Prior to the reclamation of the IJ Bay, the narrowest point in the North Holland peninsula was at Beverwijk.

Prior to land reclamation, Taipa consisted of two islands: Greater Taipa and Lesser Taipa.

Prior to the closing of the base, the most important task was the reclamation and salvage of the stored aircraft.

Prior to reclamation, Siu Sai Wan was a small bay east of Chai Wan.

Prior to the many 19th century land reclamation projects ( including The Cob at Porthmadog ) and the building of the Ffestiniog Railway, both of which spurred economic growth, the few local inhabitants relied on agriculture and small scale copper mining.

Prior to meeting Mallowan, Christie had not had any extensive brushes with archaeology, but once the two married they made sure to only go to sites where they could work together.

Prior to 1930, Central Committee departments focused on major components of " political work ".

Prior to working on an image, the artist will likely want to gain an understanding of how the various media will work.

Prior to learning of network devices on the different segments, Ethernet bridges ( and switches ) work somewhat like Ethernet repeaters, passing all traffic between segments.

Prior to this work, the concept of a set was a rather elementary one that had been used implicitly since the beginnings of mathematics, dating back to the ideas of Aristotle.

Prior to mercantilism, the most important economic work done in Europe was by the medieval scholastic theorists.

Prior to his work on the saxophone, Sax made several improvements to the bass clarinet by improving its keywork and acoustics and extending its lower range.

Prior to the 19th century, suburb often referred to the outlying areas of cities where work was most inaccessible — implicitly, where the poorest people had to live.

Prior to the tour, Nicks started work with a voice coach, to lend her voice more control and protect it from the stress of lengthy touring schedules.

Prior to his death, Marlon Brando provided some voice work for Vito, which was eventually deemed unusable and was dubbed over by a Brando impersonator.

Prior to restoration work performed between 1990 and 2001, the tower leaned at an angle of 5. 5 degrees, but the tower now leans at about 3. 99 degrees.

Prior to the release of Dr. No – and unconnected with the book itself – Bernard Bergonzi, in the March 1958 issue of Twentieth Century attacked Fleming's work, saying that it contained " a strongly marked streak of voyeurism and sado-masochism " and that the books showed " the total lack of any ethical frame of reference ".

Prior to 1975, and occasionally in more recent work, Post Keynesian could simply mean economics carried out after 1936, the date of Keynes's The General Theory.

Prior to Fourier's work, no solution to the heat equation was known in the general case, although particular solutions were known if the heat source behaved in a simple way, in particular, if the heat source was a sine or cosine wave.

Prior to the use of matches, fires were obtained using a burning glass ( a lens ) to focus the sun on tinder, a method that could only work on sunny days, or by igniting tinder with sparks produced by striking flint and steel.

Prior to this she had variously signed her work I. S. R.

Prior shows would contain elements of parody in certain episodes, but would otherwise be straight-faced adventure concepts, this in the tradition of Carl Barks ' work in the Disney comics.

Prior to its opening, twenty-one artists signed a letter protesting the display of their work in such a space.

Prior to this she has been involved with Kyle Riker, estranged father of Enterprise first officer William Riker, but they never married because of his preoccupation with his work.

Bradwardine's theories on the insolubles including the liar paradox were a great influence on the work of Jean Buridan and therefore, in turn of the more recent philosopher A. N. Prior.

Prior to his death on 1 March 2006 following a heart attack at a family funeral, he was involved in football related media work and was well known on the after dinner speaker circuit.

Prior to that, Indonesianist Joseph Errington — making use of earlier work by Indonesianists not necessarily concerned with language issues per se — brought linguistic anthropological methods ( and semiotic theory ) to bear on the notion of the " exemplary center ," or the center of political and ritual power from which emanated exemplary behavior.

; Preconceptions: Prior ideas about how things work are remarkably tenacious and an educator must explicitly address a students ' specific misconceptions if the student is to reconfigure his misconception in favour of another explanation.

Prior to the first half of the century, most heavy work was executed by draft animals or human muscle power.

Prior to the L ' Aqulia earthquake he was unknown to the scientific community, and had not published any kind of scientific work.

Prior to Ebbinghaus, most contributions to the study of memory were undertaken by philosophers and centered on observational description and speculation.

Prior to the 19th century, transatlantic crossings were undertaken in sailing ships, and the journeys were time consuming and often perilous.

Prior to 1995 the first jump in the Basic Parachute Course was undertaken from a modified Barrage balloon, but has since been replaced with the Skyvan.

Prior to 1882 local government had been undertaken first by the Tutarau Wardens and then by the Tutarau Road Board.

Prior to these incidents, another attempt was undertaken by a Palestinian ; Zubeidi had his hands broken as a punishment.

Prior to the creation of the current UK Ministry of Defence in 1964, the administration of the RAF and its personnel was undertaken by the Air Force Council, part of the Air Ministry.

Prior to the establishment of the DMO, management of the Government's debt was undertaken by the Bank of England on behalf of the Treasury.

Prior to the construction of the store, excavations were undertaken at the site.

Prior to these housing laws, most reform was undertaken by philanthropists and private individuals or organizations.

Prior to this study, various proposals for a freeway above the Niagara Escarpment had surfaced for several decades, though no serious examination of its merits was undertaken.

Prior to the construction of the station, a geophysical survey was undertaken to examine cropmarks which possibly marked the location of a ring ditch to ensure that an archaeological site was not destroyed.