Prior to the twentieth century, the Press at Oxford had occasionally printed a piece of music or a book relating to musicology.

Prior to the twentieth century, Ottawa had a few reading rooms in hotel lobbies, and also some small fee-based libraries for working men such as the Bytown Mechanics ' Institute, but no truly free place in which anyone could read.

St Andrew's Church ( 1905-7 ) is recognised as one of the finest churches of the first half of the twentieth century and the masterpiece of Edward Schroeder Prior.

Prior to grouping, with the development and implementation by competitors ( notably L & SWR, LB & SCR, various " Tube " companies ) and electric trams ) of electric traction in the early twentieth century, SECR planned to start electrifying its lines.

Prior to the work of Étienne Decroux there was no major treatise on the art of mime, and so any recreation of mime as performed prior to the twentieth century is largely conjecture, based on interpretation of diverse sources.

Prior to the twentieth century, it was a liberal nonsectarian college, a grammar school, an academy and then a secondary school.

With the Prior Analytics, Aristotle is credited with the earliest study of formal logic, and his conception of it was the dominant form of Western logic until 19th century advances in mathematical logic.

Prior to the 19th century, artists mixed their own paints which allowed them to achieve the desired color, thickness, and to control the use of fillers, if any.

Prior to the arrival of the Spanish in the 16th century, northern and central Chile was under Inca rule while independent Mapuche inhabited south-central Chile.

Prior to the development of the pound lock in 984AD in China by Chhaio Wei-Yo and later in Europe in the 15th century, either flash locks consisting of a single gate were used or ramps, sometimes equipped with rollers, were used to change level.

Prior to the 17th century most money was commodity money, typically gold or silver.

Prior to the early 20th century, all shotgun barrels were forged by heating narrow strips of iron and steel and shaping them around a mandrel.

Prior to the mid-20th century, double bass strings were usually made of gut, but since that time, steel strings have largely replaced gut strings, because steel strings hold their pitch better and yield more volume when played with the bow.

: Prior to the 19th century, Otomo was understood to have been a mere interloper, a pretender, an anomaly ; and therefore, if that commonly-accepted understanding were to have been valid, then it would have followed:

: Prior to the 19th century, Otomo was understood to have been a mere interloper, a pretender, an anomaly ; and therefore, if that commonly-accepted understanding were to have been valid, then it would have followed:

: Prior to the 19th century, Otomo was understood to have been a mere interloper, a pretender, an anomaly ; and therefore, if that commonly-accepted understanding were to have been valid, then it would have followed:

Prior to the late 18th century, diners who wished to " dine out " would visit their local guild member's kitchen and have their meal prepared for them.

Prior to the 19th century, all handguns were single-shot muzzleloaders.

Prior to that, hunting by local natives can be documented from Late Stone Age Scandinavia and eastern North America, as well as from early 5th century Labrador, where the bird seems to have occurred only as a straggler.

Prior to the 19th century, the area which became Mali was criscrossed by trade and communication links, the most important being the Niger River, and important southern terminals of the Trans-Saharan trade routes.

Prior to Buzan's popularization, the phrase " mind map " dates back at least a century.

Prior to the 19th century distinctive May day celebrations were widespread throughout West Cornwall, and are being revived in St. Ives and Penzance.

Prior to the 18th century, Afghans have served in the militaries of the Ghaznavids ( 963 – 1187 ), Ghurids ( 1148 – 1215 ), Delhi Sultanate ( 1206 – 1527 ) and the Mughal Empire of India ( 1526 – 1858 ) as well as in the army of the Persian Empire.

Prior to China's adoption of communism, Confucianism remained the dominant political philosophy of China up to the 20th century.

Prior to the 20th century, it was also known as Piscis Notius.

Prior to the 19th century, however, they had significant influence, using to their advantage the fact that most citizens were disenfranchised and seats in the Commons were allocated disproportionately.

Prior to the 19th century, suburb often referred to the outlying areas of cities where work was most inaccessible — implicitly, where the poorest people had to live.

Prior thinkers, particularly nominalist William of Ockham in the early 14th century, had begun the intellectual movement toward empiricism.

Prior to the southwards migration of the Tai people from Yunnan in the 10th century, the Indochina peninsula had been a home to various indigenous animistic communities for as far back as 500, 000 years ago.

Prior to 1968, Laotian forces at Ban Houei Sane had played an important role in the war, watching North Vietnamese infiltration into South Vietnam from a section of the Ho Chi Minh Trail running through Laos.

Prior to the 13th century, Tai kingdoms had existed on the northern highlands including the Ngoenyang ( centered on Chiang Saen ; predecessor of Lanna ) kingdom and the Heokam ( centered on Chiang Hung, modern Jinghong in China ) kingdom of Tai Lue people.

Prior to Chandragupta's consolidation of power, small regional kingdoms dominated the northwestern subcontinent, while the Nanda Dynasty dominated the middle and lower basin of the Ganges.

Prior to this, the region was divided between several closely related kingdoms.

Prior to the Viking Age is a gap in the history of the region for a few hundred years, but in Jordanes we also find regions of the same but earlier forms of names, presumably also petty kingdoms under now unknown chiefs.

Prior to then the most credible and respected source, Tacitus in Germania Chapter 44 described the Suiones, who were divided into civitates ( kingdoms?

Prior to the arrival of the European Spanish Conquistadors, this area was the pre-Columbian kingdom of Zapotlán and was at different times under the domain of the nearby kingdoms of Colima and Michoacán.

Prior to Cyrus's invasion of Babylon, the Neo-Babylonian Empire had conquered many kingdoms.

Prior to the arrival of the West Saxons, the region roughly corresponding to modern Herefordshire lay under the control of earlier Welsh kingdoms, principally the minor kingdom of Ergyng.

Prior to 2008, this event encompassed two jumps from the ski jumping normal hill, and 15 km cross country skiing.

Prior to incorporation as a city, the village encompassed the entire area of two small townships.

Prior to the government housing that replaced much of the original housing beginning in the 1940s, Cabbagetown encompassed the current neighbourhoods of Moss Park, Regent Park, St. Jamestown and Trefann Court.

Prior to the amalgamation of Temiskaming Shores, the region was commonly nicknamed The Tri-Towns, a designation that also encompassed the neighbouring town of Cobalt.

Prior to local government reorganisation on 1 April 1974 Colwyn Bay was a municipal borough with a population of c. 25, 000, but in 1974 this designation disappeared leaving five separate parishes, known as communities in Wales, of which the one bearing the name Colwyn Bay encompassed just the central part of the overall town and in the 2001 Census contained just 9, 742 people, with the others as follows: Mochdre ( 1, 862 ), Rhos-on-Sea ( 7, 110 ), Glan Conwy ( 2, 290 ), Old Colwyn ( 7, 626 ) and Llysfaen ( 2, 652 ).

Prior to the 1970s, South Auckland encompassed the region from Otahuhu south to Mercer, and from the west coast to the Firth of Thames, including the southern towns of Pukekohe, Tuakau and Waiuku.

Prior to August 28, 1995 ( when the split with 860 took effect ), area code 203 encompassed all of Connecticut.

Prior to the settlement of the area by European colonists, the Piscataway tribe of Native Americans occupied the northeastern banks of the Potomac River, although no permanent settlements are known in the area now encompassed by the city of Washington.