Prior to the creation of the group management board in 2006, HSBC's chairman essentially held the duties of a chief executive at an equivalent institution, while HSBC's chief executive served as the deputy.

Prior to version 0. 7, Freenet used a heuristic routing algorithm where each node had no fixed location, and routing was based on which node had served a key closest to the key being fetched ( in version 0. 3 ) or which is estimated to serve it faster ( in version 0. 5 ).

Prior to this, they were not limited as to how many terms they could serve ; John Engler, the governor at the time, served three terms as his first term occurred prior to the restriction.

Prior to the 18th century, Afghans have served in the militaries of the Ghaznavids ( 963 – 1187 ), Ghurids ( 1148 – 1215 ), Delhi Sultanate ( 1206 – 1527 ) and the Mughal Empire of India ( 1526 – 1858 ) as well as in the army of the Persian Empire.

Prior to becoming Chairman, he served as the Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff from March 2000 to September 2001.

Prior to its inclusion within the fenced compound that now includes the Old Executive Office Building to the west and the Treasury Building to the east, this sidewalk served as a queuing area for the daily public tours of the White House.

Prior to the Renaissance, courtesans served to convey information untrusted to servants to visiting dignitaries.

Prior to his sudden death in December 983, Otto II had installed Pope John XIV, a non-Roman who had served as Otto II's chancellor in Italy, on the chair of St. Peter.

Prior to serving as mayor, Daley served in the Illinois Senate and then as the Cook County State's Attorney.

Prior to earning his law degree, Daley served in the United States Marine Corps Reserve.

Prior to becoming Chancellor, he had served as Minister of Defence ( 1969-72 ).

Prior to that, Memphis was served by two primary electric companies, which were merged into the Memphis Power Company.

Prior to Prince's election black clergy made political endorsements and served as appointees to the Richmond School Board and other boards throughout the city.

Prior to being elected Sheriff, Ellis served as the Police Chief of the Town of Moundville, in north Hale County.

Prior to public service, McNamara was one of the " Whiz Kids " who helped rebuild Ford Motor Company after World War II, and briefly served as Ford's President before becoming Secretary of Defense.

Prior to that, he was a noted New York municipal bond lawyer, director of Nixon's 1968 presidential campaign, and one of Nixon's closest personal friends ; after his tenure as Attorney General, he served as director of Nixon's 1972 presidential campaign.

Prior to joining Chatham, he served recently as Chair and Associate Professor in the Department of Environmental Studies at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas.

Prior to I-37, the route between Corpus Christi and San Antonio was served by a combination of State Highway 9 ( SH 9 ) from Corpus Christi to Three Rivers and U. S. 281 ( US 281 ) from Three Rivers to San Antonio.

Prior to 1964 the schools that served the area were Johns Creek Elementary and Cullowhee High School.

Prior to serving as Governor, Davis served as Chief of Staff to Governor Jerry Brown ( 1975 – 1981 ), a California State Assemblyman ( 1983 – 1987 ), California State Controller ( 1987 – 1995 ) and the 44th Lieutenant Governor of California ( 1995 – 1999 ).

Prior to 1970 residents were served by a bookmobile.

Prior to 1996, Lauderdale-By-The-Sea Volunteer Fire Department served the town, with Fort Lauderdale Fire-Rescue serving until 2001, with Broward Sheriff's Office Department of Fire Rescue & Emergency services providing fire suppression services to the town from 2001 until 2008.

Prior to 1952, Cornelia Public School served all the students residing in Cornelia.

Prior to that she served two terms as an at-large councilwoman from 1988-1996.

Prior to his arrival at New Harmony, he served as librarian for the Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia, curator at the American Philosophical Society, and professor of natural history at the University of Pennsylvania.

During the Grunwick dispute — where workers struck over pay, working conditions and the owner George Ward's refusal to recognise their trade union — there was a split in the Conservative Shadow Cabinet between the conciliatory approach of Jim Prior, the Shadow Employment Secretary, and Keith Joseph.

Prior to the May 2010 elections he was a Shadow Minister for Health.

Prior to Snake in the Eagle's Shadow, Chan had worked for director Lo Wei who wanted to make him into the new " Bruce Lee " in films like New Fist of Fury.

Prior to joining Def Leppard in April 1992, he had been a member of Whitesnake, Sweet Savage, Trinity, Riverdogs, and Shadow King.

Prior to this, Hunter had been a member of the Shadow Foreign Affairs team in 2007, Shadow Home Affairs team in 2006 and Shadow OPDM team in 2005.

Prior to 1902, the Prime Minister sometimes came from the House of Lords, provided that his government could form a majority in the Commons.

Prior to the referendum representatives of Southern Rhodesia visited Cape Town where the Prime Minister of South Africa, Jan Smuts, eventually offered terms he considered reasonable and which the United Kingdom government found acceptable.

Prior to the 1975 crisis, the Governor-General's power to dismiss a Prime Minister against the incumbent's will under Section 64 of the Constitution had never been exercised.

Prior to that, he was Minister of Interior and Minister of Finance in the cabinet of Amir-Abbas Hoveida.

Prior to becoming Prime Minister, Jagland served as party secretary from 1986 to 1992, and subsequently party leader until 2002, when he was succeeded by Jens Stoltenberg.

Prior to that, held a number of government posts, including a brief stint in 2004 as an acting Prime Minister ( from February, 24 to March, 5 )

Prior to 1978 the Prime Minister held the portfolio of Minister of Defence and External Affairs, and was supported by a Parliamentary Secretary for Defence and External Affairs.

Prior to the departure of Sykes to meet Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Sazonov in Petrograd on 27 February 1916, Sykes was approached with a plan by Herbert Samuel, who had a seat in the Cabinet as President of the Local Government Board and was strongly sympathetic to Zionism.

Prior to devolution the comparable functions of the First Minister were exercised by the Secretary of State for Scotland, who headed the Scottish Office, which was a department of the wider United Kingdom Government and existed from 1885 to 1999.

Prior to 1990, the responsibilities of the Industry, Science and Technology portfolio were divided between the now-defunct post of Minister of Regional Industrial Expansion and a Minister of State for Science and Technology.

Prior to his departure on September 2, 2003, more than 35, 000 Iraqi police were re-instated, 35 police stations were stood up in Baghdad with several more around the country, the senior deputy interior ministers were appointed and the newly established governing counsel appointed the first Iraqi Minister of Interior, post Saddam Hussein, Nouri Badran.

Prior to becoming party leader, Martin served as Minister for Education and Science ( 1997 – 2000 ), Minister for Health and Children ( 2000 – 04 ), Minister for Enterprise, Trade and Employment ( 2004 – 08 ) and Minister for Foreign Affairs ( 2008 – 11 ).

Prior to 1998, he had also served as Minister in the Prime Minister's Department, Minister of Education, Minister of Defence, and Minister of Foreign Affairs.

Prior to 1928, certain responsibilities of the Pensions and National Health portfolio were carried out by the now-defunct post of Minister of Soldiers ' Civil Re-establishment.

Prior to 1944, the responsibilities of the current Health portfolio were part of the now-defunct post of Minister of Pensions and National Health.