) The precise structure of the prion is not known, though they can be formed by combining PrP < sup > C </ sup >, polyadenylic acid, and lipids in a Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification ( PMCA ) reaction.

While the infectious agent was named a prion, the specific protein that the prion was composed of is also known as the Prion Protein ( PrP ), though this protein may occur both in infectious and non-infectious forms.

Protein complexes in the inner membrane ( NADH dehydrogenase, cytochrome c reductase, and cytochrome c oxidase ) perform the transfer and the incremental release of energy is used to pump protons ( H < sup >+</ sup >) into the intermembrane space.

Protein is generally used to refer to the complete biological molecule in a stable conformation, whereas peptide is generally reserved for a short amino acid oligomers often lacking a stable three-dimensional structure.

* Protein / creatinine ratio, used to measure proteinuria

For example, synthetic peptides can be used as probes to see where protein-peptide interactions occur-see the page on Protein tags.

* Protein sequencer, a machine used to automatically produce a sequence readout from a biological protein sample

Protein A in various recombinant forms has been used for decades to bind and purify a wide range of antibodies by immunoaffinity chromatography.

Green Fluorescent Protein, produced by jellyfish, has been used in recombinant form to make rabbits glow, and for many significant purposes in molecular biology

Protein expression is commonly used by proteomics researchers to denote the measurement of the presence and abundance of one or more proteins in a particular cell or tissue.

Protein expression systems are very widely used in the life sciences, biotechnology and medicine.

Protein expression systems are used to produce certain proteins in biotechnology and industry, and more recently to produce sets ( combinatorial series ) of protein that are screened for drug discovery purpose.

This same cutoff is still used by the Protein Information Resource ( PIR ).

* Purified Protein Derivative, also known as the Mantoux screening test, Tuberculin Sensitivity Test, Pirquet test, or PPD test, used for tuberculosis testing

Protein electrophoresis is used to categorize globulins into the following four categories:

In addition to the filter fluorometers shown above, fluorometers are used extensively in Life Science research for various assays such as Alkaline Phosphatase, Bacterial Viability, B-Galactosidase, Cell Proliferation, RNA Quantitation, DNA Quantitation, Enzyme Assays, Protein Quantitation, and Reporter Gene Assays.

The Protein Data Bank ( PDB ) codes for the structural models used as end points of the animation are given.

Protein conversion uses techniques to convert inedible parts of the animal, such as keratin in feathers and skin, into digestible protein to be used for livestock and pet food.

* Methyl-accepting Chemotaxis Protein, sensor used in chemotaxis

One type of AAA Proteins are AAA Proteases, where the energy from ATP hydrolysis is used to translocate a Protein inside the Protease for degradation.

Protein skimmers are used to harvest algae and phytoplankton gently enough to maintain viability for culturing or commercial sale as live cultures.

Protein skimming is also used in the popular Berlin method that relies on live rock and periodic partial water changes to degrade and remove waste products.

The Protein Data Bank Format is commonly used for proteins but it can be used for other types of molecules as well.

Single-chain variable fragments lack the constant Fc region found in complete antibody molecules, and, thus, the common binding sites ( e. g., Protein G ) used to purify antibodies.

RasMol is a computer program written for molecular graphics visualization intended and used primarily for the depiction and exploration of biological macromolecule structures, such as those found in the Protein Data Bank.

* Protein synthesis, as any other amino acid.

Protein phosphorylation is the most common and important form of reversible protein posttranslational modification ( PTM ), with up to 30 % of all proteins being phosphorylated at any given time.

Protein sequencing is a technique to determine the amino acid sequence of a protein, as well as which conformation the protein adopts and the extent to which it is complexed with any non-peptide molecules.

The bridging property of Protein S enhances the phagocytosis of the apoptotic cell, allowing it to be removed ' cleanly ' without any symptoms of tissue damage such as inflammation occurring.

** Protein folding, the physical process by which a polypeptide folds into its characteristic and functional three-dimensional structure

Native chemical ligation of this kind using a recombinant polypeptide segment is known as Expressed Protein Ligation.

In cell biology, Protein kinase A ( PKA ) refers to a family of enzymes whose activity is dependent on cellular levels of cyclic AMP ( cAMP ).

* Protein fold refers to the general protein architecture, like helix bundle, beta-barrel, Rossman fold or different " folds " provided in the Structural Classification of Proteins database .< ref name =" Govindarajan ">

Protein folding is the process by which a protein structure assumes its functional shape or conformation.

Protein structure prediction and analysis as a tool for functional genomics.

Protein acylation is the post-translational modification of proteins via the attachment of functional groups through acyl linkages.

*" Fine tuning function: Correlation of hinge domain interactions with functional dis-tinctions between LacI and PurR " Protein Science 11 778-794 ( 2002 ); Liskin Swint-Kruse, C. Larson, B. M. Pettitt and K. S.

* Protein functional analysis -

Among the other payloads flown was the first flight of the Bioserve Instrumentation Technology Associates Materials Dispersion Apparatus ( BIMDA ) to explore the commercial potential of experiments in the biomedical, manufacturing processes and fluid sciences fields, and the Protein Crystal Growth experiment, which has flown eight times before in various forms.

Protein S circulates in human plasma in two forms: approximately 60 percent is bound to complement component C4b β-chain while the remaining 40 percent is free.

In the circulation, Protein S exists in two forms: a free form and a complex form bound to complement protein C4b-binding protein ( C4BP ).

* Protein variant forms produced by natural genetic variation, RNA editing, alternative splicing, proteolytic processing, and post-translational modification

The tmRNA forms a ribonucleoprotein complex ( tmRNP ) together with Small Protein B ( SmpB ), Elongation Factor Tu ( EF-Tu ), and ribosomal protein S1.

Protein supplements come in various forms: ready to drink shakes, bars, bites, oats, gels and powders.