The psychedelic mushroom Psilocybe semilanceata has been shown to strongly inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus.

Psilocybe semilanceata is hunted for its psychotropic properties.

Instead, the Psilocybe semilanceata, being the only psilocybin-containing mushroom common in Slavic countries, is sought after for its hallucinogenic properties, the latter being more desirable with fewer side effects than those of A. muscaria.

* Psilocybe semilanceata ( Псилоциба Сосочковидная Sosochkovidnaya-Nipple-Like Psylocybe ; Liberty Cap )

# redirect Psilocybe semilanceata

The first mention of hallucinogenic mushrooms in the Western medicinal literature appeared in the London Medical and Physical Journal in 1799: a man had served Psilocybe semilanceata mushrooms that he had picked for breakfast in London's Green Park to his family.

The previous type species ( Psilocybe ) of the genera was in the non-bluing clade, but in 2010 the type species was changed to Psilocybe semilanceata, a member of the bluing clade.

proposed conserving the genus Psilocybe with Psilocybe semilanceata as its type species.

The suggestion was accepted by unanimous vote of the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi of the International Botanical Congress in 2010, meaning that Psilocybe semilanceata ( a member of the bluing clade ) now serves as the type species of the genus.

Since Psilocybe semilanceata is now the type species of the genus, the bluing hallucinogenic clade will remain in the genus Psilocybe while the non-bluing clade will likely be transferred to the genus Deconica.

Psilocybe semilanceata

* Psilocybe semilanceata ; Found in northern temperate climates ; nicknamed the liberty cap.

According to the taxonomical database MycoBank, several taxa once considered varieties of P. semilanceata are synonymous with the species now known as Psilocybe strictipes: the caerulescens variety described by Pier Andrea Saccardo in 1887 ( originally named Agaricus semilanceatus var.

To resolve this dilemma, several mycologists proposed in a 2005 publication to conserve the name Psilocybe, with P. semilanceata as the type.

The proposal to conserve the name Psilocybe, with P. semilanceata as the type was accepted unanimously by the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi in 2009.

There are several other Psilocybe species that may be confused with P. semilanceata due to similarities in physical appearance.

Psilocybe semilanceata is a saprobic grassland species.

Psilocybe semilanceata is a saprobic fungus, meaning it obtains nutrients by breaking down organic matter.

Using standard antimicrobial susceptibility tests, Psilocybe semilanceata was shown to strongly inhibit the growth of the human pathogen methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ( MRSA ).

Psilocybe semilanceata is considered the most common psilocybin-containing mushroom.

1, 2 & 3 in the figure are Psilocybe semilanceata, which Sowerby wrongly thought was the same as Stropharia semiglobata.

Psilocybe species commonly found in the tropics include P. cubensis and P. subcubensis.

* Psilocybe cubensis ( Stropharia cubensis ); the most commonly grown and consumed Psilocybe, due to ease of cultivation and large size of carpophores ; also commonly collected throughout the tropics and subtropics, nicknamed the commercial psilocybe.

Psilocybe cubensis is probably the most widely known of the psilocybin containing mushrooms used.

Hallucinogenic Psilocybe were known to the Aztecs as teonanácatl ( literally " divine mushroom "-agglutinative form of teó ( god, sacred ) and nanácatl ( mushroom ) in Náhuatl ) and were reportedly served at the coronation of the Aztec ruler Moctezuma II in 1502.

Psilocybe villarrealiae, which is only known to a small area of Mexico

Approximate known range of Psilocybe cubensis

Approximate known range of Psilocybe cyanescens

Hallucinogenic Psilocybe were known to the aboriginal Mexicans as teonanácatl ( literally " divine mushroom ") and were reportedly served at the coronation of Moctezuma II in 1502.

Gaston Guzman later examined Peck's herbarium specimen, and in his comprehensive 1983 monograph on Psilocybe, concluded that Peck had misidentified it with the species now known as Panaeolina foenisecii.

Their 1963 publication was the first report of psilocybin in a European mushroom species ; previously, it had been known only in Psilocybe species native to Mexico, Asia and North America.

Though DET is a synthetic compound with no known natural sources it has been used with mycelium of Psilocybe cubensis to produce the synthetic chemicals 4-PO-DET ( Ethocybin ) and 4-HO-DET ( Ethocin ), as opposed the naturally occurring 4-PO-DMT ( Psilocybin ) and 4-HO-DMT ( Psilocin ).

Psilocybe tampanensis forms psychoactive truffle-like sclerotia that are known and sold under the nickname " philosopher's stones ".

For almost two decades after its discovery, Psilocybe tampanensis was known only from the type locality, southeast of Brandon, Florida.

Other Psilocybe species known to produce sclerotia include Psilocybe mexicana and Psilocybe caerulescens.

* The genus Psilocybe is well known for its psychedelic mushrooms, such as Psilocybe cubensis.

* The liberty cap ( Psilocybe semilanceata ), a psychedelic mushroom

In the species Psilocybe samuiensis Guzmán, Bandala and Allen, the dried cap of the mushroom contains the most psilocybin at about 0. 23 %– 0. 90 %.

The word Psilocybe comes from the Greek words ψιλός + κύβη, and literally means " bare headed ", referring to the mushroom's detachable pellicle ( loose skin over the cap ).

Psilocybe caerulescens, found in the USA and Venezuela, is also somewhat similar, but has a collybioid habit ( small to medium-sized mushrooms with a convex cap ), with spores measuring 6. 7 – 8 by 5. 2 – 6. 5 by 3. 3 – 5. 2 μm, and cheilocystidia that are 15 – 22 by 4. 4 – 5. 5 μm.

The cap ( pileus ) of Psilocybe azurescens is 30 – 100 mm in diameter, conic to convex, expanding to broadly convex and eventually flattening with age with a pronounced, persistent broad umbo ; surface smooth, viscous when moist, covered by a separable gelatinous pellicle ; chestnut to ochraceous brown to caramel in color often becoming pitted with dark blue or bluish black zones, hygrophanous, fading to light straw color in drying, strongly bruising blue when damaged ; margin even, sometimes irregular and eroded at maturity, slightly incurved at first, soon decurved, flattening with maturity, translucent striate and often leaving a fibrillose annular zone in the upper regions of the stipe.