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Page "Radar" ¶ 110
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Pulse-Doppler and signal
Pulse-Doppler signal processing.
Pulse-Doppler signal processing includes frequency filtering in the detection process.
Pulse-Doppler signal processing incorporates more sophisticated electronic filtering that safely eliminates this kind of weakness.
Pulse-Doppler signal processing also produces audible signals that can be used for threat identification.
Signal processing techniques include moving target indication, Pulse-Doppler signal processing, moving target detection processors, correlation with secondary surveillance radar targets, space-time adaptive processing, and track-before-detect.
In a typical operation, the energy returned from a dozen or more pulses are combined using Pulse-Doppler signal processing, based on the Doppler effect, to extract the information.
Pulse-Doppler radar is based on the Doppler effect, where movement in range produces frequency shift on the signal reflected from the target.
Pulse-Doppler radar uses the following signal processing criteria to exclude unwanted signals from slow-moving objects.
* Pulse-Doppler signal processing detailed explanation
Pulse-Doppler signal processing also includes ambiguity resolution to identify true range and velocity.
The value D is added to the standard radar range equation to account for both Pulse-Doppler signal processing and transmitter FM noise reduction.
In addition, Pulse-Doppler signal processing integrates all of the energy from all of the individual reflected pulses that enter the filter.
This means a Pulse-Doppler signal processing system with 1, 024 elements provides 60dB of improvement due to the type of signal processing that must be used with pulse-Doppler radar.
Pulse-Doppler signal processing selectively excludes low-velocity reflections so that no detections occurs below a threshold velocity.
Aircraft tracking is based on monopulse radar utilizing Pulse-Doppler radar signal processing in MK 74 MOD 14 and MK 74 MOD 15.

Pulse-Doppler and maximum
Pulse-Doppler antenna motion must be slow enough so that all the return signals from at least 3 different PRF can be processed out to the maximum anticipated detection range.

Pulse-Doppler and detection
Pulse-Doppler radar has fundamental characteristics that differentiate it from conventional pulse radar, and continuous-wave Doppler radar, which makes it ideal for different applications: improved detection in high-clutter environments, greater track reliability using feedback, passive vehicle type classification, and unattended operation.
Pulse-Doppler radar for aircraft detection has two modes.

Pulse-Doppler and aircraft
With the advent of digital techniques, Pulse-Doppler radars ( PD ) became light enough for aircraft use, and doppler processors for coherent pulse radars became more common.
Pulse-Doppler provided look-down / shoot-down capability to support air-to-air missile systems in most modern military aircraft by the mid 1970s.
Pulse-Doppler provides an advantage when attempting to detect missiles and low observability aircraft flying near near terrain, sea surface, and weather.
Pulse-Doppler radar must be multi-mode to handle aircraft turning and crossing trajectory.

Pulse-Doppler and personnel
Pulse-Doppler is also used for ground based surveillance radar required to defend personnel and vehicles.

Pulse-Doppler and .
The NEXRAD Pulse-Doppler weather radar uses a symmetric antenna to perform detailed volumetric scans of the atmosphere.
Tornadoes can be detected before or as they occur through the use of Pulse-Doppler radar by recognizing patterns in velocity and reflectivity data, such as hook echoes, as well as by the efforts of storm spotters.
Pulse-Doppler radars combine all the benefits of long range and high velocity capability.
Doppler radars and Pulse-Doppler radars are extracting the velocities of the targets.
Medium PRF is used with Pulse-Doppler radar, which is required for look-down / shoot-down capability in military systems.
Pulse-Doppler radar is also the basis of synthetic aperture radar used in radar astronomy, remote sensing and mapping.
Pulse-Doppler radar was developed during World War II to overcome limitations by increasing pulse repetition frequency.
Pulse-Doppler is incompatible with other high power microwave amplification devices that are not Coherent.
Pulse-Doppler radar eliminates these weaknesses.
Pulse-Doppler radars exploit this phenomenon to improve performance.
Pulse-Doppler radar corrects this as follows.

signal and processing
In practice an analog signal is subject to electronic noise and distortion introduced by communication channels and signal processing operations, which can progressively degrade the signal-to-noise ratio.
Therefore as analog signal processing systems become more complex, they may ultimately degrade signal resolution to such an extent that their performance is surpassed by digital systems.
* Analog signal processing
* Analog signal processing, processing electronic signals that represent continuous variables by use of analog circuitry
Audio signal processing, sometimes referred to as audio processing, is the intentional alteration of auditory signals, or sound, often through an audio effect or effects unit.
As audio signals may be electronically represented in either digital or analog format, signal processing may occur in either domain.
Analog signal processing ( ASP ) then involves physically altering the continuous signal by changing the voltage or current or charge via various electrical means.
Since that time, as computers and software became more advanced, digital signal processing has become the method of choice.
This permits signal processing using digital circuits such as microprocessors and computers.
Although such a conversion can be prone to loss, most modern audio systems use this approach as the techniques of digital signal processing are much more powerful and efficient than analog domain signal processing.
Here a musical signal is tuned to the correct pitch using digital signal processing techniques.
It is often used in signal processing for analyzing functions or series of values, such as time domain signals.
* In signal processing, autocorrelation can give information about repeating events like musical beats ( for example, to determine tempo ) or pulsar frequencies, though it cannot tell the position in time of the beat.
Signal processing would be applied to determine the direction of maximum illumination and so develop a signal to steer the antenna toward the target.
Bandwidth in hertz is a central concept in many fields, including electronics, information theory, digital communications, radio communications, signal processing, and spectroscopy.
In many signal processing contexts, bandwidth is a valuable and limited resource.

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