The earliest attested name is the Hittite Assuwa a region in central-western Anatolia which seems to be connected with the Mycenean Greek epithet a-si-wi-ja in Linear B inscriptions found at Pylos.

It is thus the first site where the archaeology confirms the continuity of Mycenaean and Classical Greek religion, which has been inferred from the presence of the names of Classical Greek divinities on Linear B texts from Pylos and Knossos.

While connection with Anatolian names has been suggested, the earliest attested forms of the name Artemis are the Mycenaean Greek a-te-mi-to and a-ti-mi-te, written in Linear B at Pylos.

In the Linear B Mycenean Greek tablets of circa 1400-1200 BC found at Pylos, the " two mistresses and the king " are identified with Demeter, Persephone and Poseidon.

Accompanied by Athena ( still disguised as Mentor ), he departs for the Greek mainland and the household of Nestor, most venerable of the Greek warriors at Troy, now at home in Pylos.

In a Linear B ( Mycenean Greek ) inscription on a tablet found at Pylos dated 1400 – 1200 BC, John Chadwick reconstructs the name of a goddess * Preswa who could be identified with Persa, daughter of Oceanus and finds speculative the further identification with the first element of Persephone.

Linear B tablets recovered from the site by Blegen clearly demonstrate that the site was called Pylos ( Mycenaean Greek: Pulos, Linear B: Pu-ro ) by its Mycenean inhabitants.

Linear B tablets found by Blegen clearly demonstrate that the site itself was called Pylos ( Mycenaean Greek Pulos, Linear B Pu-ro ) by its Mycenaean inhabitants.

The western end of Greek National Road 82 begins in downtown Pylos.

The earliest attested form of the name is Mycenaean Greek di-wo-nu-so, written in Linear B syllabic script, presumably for / Diwo ( h ) nūsos /, found on two tablets at Mycenaean Pylos and dated to the 12th or 13th century BC.

A Mycenaean Greek reference found on a Linear B clay tablet at Pylos to a deity or semi-deity called TI-RI-SE-RO-E, Trisheros ( the " thrice or triple hero ") could be connected to the later epithet " thrice wise " " Trismegistos ", applied to Hermes / Thoth.

* In Greek mythology, Battus is a shepherd from Pylos.

In Greek mythology, Melampus, or Melampous (), was a legendary soothsayer and healer, originally of Pylos, who ruled at Argos.

In Greek mythology, Antilochus ( also transliterated as Antilochos or Antílokhos-Ἀντίλοχος ) was the son of Nestor, king of Pylos.

* Nestor ( mythology ), the son of Neleus, the King of Pylos and Chloris in Greek mythology

The naval Battle of Navarino was fought on 20 October 1827, during the Greek War of Independence ( 1821 – 32 ), in Navarino Bay ( modern-day Pylos ), on the west coast of the Peloponnese peninsula, in the Ionian Sea.

John Chadwick in the second edition of Documents in Mycenaean Greek speculates as follows about the goddess pe-re -* 82 of Pylos tablet Tn 316, tentatively reconstructed as * Preswa:

* Greek National Road 82: Pylos – Kalamata – Sparti

Historians have traditionally blamed this decline on an invasion or uprising by another wave of Greek people, the Dorians, who may have been a subjugated local people, although Pylos was probably destroyed by sea peoples.

In Greek mythology, Nestor of Gerenia (, Nestōr Gerēnios ) was the son of Neleus and Chloris and the King of Pylos.

In Greek mythology, Melampus of Pylos used hellebore to save the daughters of the king of Argos from a madness, induced by Dionysus, that caused them to run naked through the city, crying, weeping, and screaming.

In the Middle Ages, Pylos was named Avarino ( Αβαρίνος ), probably after a body of Avars who settled there.

Pylos ' bay is formed by a deep indenture in the Morea, shut in by a long island, anciently called Sphacteria or Sphagia ( modern name Sfaktiria ), famous for the defeat and capture of the Spartans, in the Battle of Pylos during the Peloponnesian War, and still showing the ruins of walls which perhaps formed their last refuge.

Far more prominent are A-TA-NA PO-TI-NI-JA ( Athena Potnia, " Athena the Mistress "), E-RE-U-TI-JA ( Eileithyia, later merely invoked during childbirth ), Dionysus, and Poseidon, already the " Earth-Shaker ", either with his consort Poseida, who was not retained in the transition to Classical Greece, or, at Pylos, with the " Two Goddesses ", apparently Demeter and Persephone.

* Pylos ( formerly called Navarino ), a Greek town, on the Ionian Sea

The site of classical Pylos was probably on the rocky promontory now known as Koryphasion at the northern edge of the bay of Pylos.

In the tradition recorded centuries later in Homer, there were several states, the cities of the Iliad: Mycenae, Pylos, Orchomenos — which are known to archaeology — and perhaps also unconfirmed Sparta or Ithaca.

At the two ends of the L, there are similar arrangements of rooms resembling the megaron complexes known from Tiryns, Mycenae Dimini and Pylos.

* Following the failure of peace negotiations between Athens and Sparta, a number of Spartans stranded on the island of Sphacteria after the Battle of Pylos are attacked by an Athenian force under Cleon and Demosthenes.

The establishment of an Athenian garrison in Spartan territory frightened the Spartan leadership, and the Spartan army, which had been ravaging Attica under the command of Agis, ended their expedition ( the expedition only lasted 15 days ) and marched home, and the Spartan fleet at Corcyra sailed to Pylos.

These reinforcements were sent out under Cleon, and the Athenians launched an assault on Pylos.

Grahame Clark ( 1961 ) wrote of a " palace economy introduced from Crete ...." Chester Starr ( 1961 ) said " Artisans and peasants were largeley embraced in a palace economy under royal control, ...." Leonard Palmer ( 1963 ) referred to the " highly centralized ' palace economy '" of Knossos and Pylos.

# Pelagon, a native of Pylos who fought under Nestor in the Trojan War.

The post off Pylos struck Sparta where it was weakest: its dependence on the helots.

The Spartan fleet managed to slip past the Athenian fleet at Zacynthus, but Demosthenes anticipated its arrival and dispatched two of his triremes to inform the Athenian fleet of Pylos ' plight ; that fleet set out for Pylos as soon as it received the news.

When Nicias, a political opponent of his and a strategos for that year, proposed to send a commission, with Cleon among its members, to verify the reports from Pylos, Cleon attacked him for proposing to waste time that should have been spent attacking.

On the same Tn 316 tablet as well as other Linear B tablets, found in Pylos and Knossos, appears the name of the deity " Hermes " as E-MA-A, but not in any apparent connection with the " Trisheros ".

Thus, on the Mycenean Linear B tablets found at Pylos, the name Poseidon occurs frequently in connection with the wanax (" king "), whose power and wealth were increasingly maritime rather than equestrian in nature.

He made out a case for ko-ma-we-te-ja, also attested at Pylos, as the name of a goddess.

* 1827 – Battle of Navarino – a combined Turkish and Egyptian armada is defeated by British, French, and Russian naval force in the port of Navarino in Pylos, Greece.

Old Pylos, the location of the town in Classical times, is to the north of the bay, see also Old Navarino castle.

The Venetians built a fort in Old Pylos, Old Navarino castle.

The southern entrance was at that time guarded by an Ottoman-held fort, at Navarino ( Pylos ).

View of Pylos on the Bay of Navarino

The naval Battle of Pylos took place in 425 BC during the Peloponnesian War at the peninsula of Pylos, on the Bay of Navarino in Messenia, and was an Athenian victory over Sparta.

( Pylos was a good distance from Sparta by march, and commanded an excellent harbor in the Bay of Navarino .).

Plaques to his memory can be found in St Paul's Cathedral, All Saints Church, Dodington close to the family home, and there is a large obelisk dedicated to the memory of him and the other officers at Navarino at Pylos in Greece.

On September 11, 1844 the head of the Bavaria statue was cast using metal from bronze Turkish cannon salvaged from the 1827 naval Battle of Navarino ( modern-day Pylos on the west coast of the Peloponnese peninsula ).