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QA systems have been extended in recent years to encompass additional domains of knowledge For example, systems have been developed to automatically answer temporal and geospatial questions, questions of definition and terminology, biographical questions, multilingual questions, and questions about the content of audio, images, and video.
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QA and systems
Question Answering ( QA ) is a computer science discipline within the fields of information retrieval and natural language processing ( NLP ) which is concerned with building systems that automatically answer questions posed by humans in a natural language.
More commonly, QA systems can pull answers from an unstructured collection of natural language documents.
Some examples of natural language document collections used for QA systems include:
One of the earliest precursors to QA systems was ELIZA, developed in 1964.
Additional QA systems built on ELIZA include BASEBALL and LUNAR.
Both QA systems were very effective in their chosen domains.
Further restricted-domain QA systems were developed in the following years.
During the 1960s QA systems were largely targeted at the Turing Test, popular at the time as a measure of strong_artificial_intelligence.
The QA systems developed to interface with these expert systems produced more repeatable and valid responses to questions within an area of knowledge.
These expert systems closely resembled modern QA systems except in their internal architecture.
Expert systems rely heavily on expert-constructed and organized knowledge bases, whereas many modern QA systems rely on statistical processing of a large, unstructured, natural language text corpus.
Recently, specialized natural language QA systems have been developed, such as EAGLi for health and life scientists.
Most modern QA systems use natural language text documents as their underlying knowledge source.
An increasing number of QA systems use the World Wide Web as their corpus of text and knowledge.
In an alternative QA implementation, human users assemble knowledge in a structured database, called a knowledge base, similar to those employed in the expert systems of the 1970s.
Current QA systems typically include a question classifier module that determines the type of question and the type of answer.
* social media analysis with QA systems
players, used data and systems from TREC's QA Track as baseline performance measurements.
Logic forms are used in some natural language processing techniques, such as question answering, as well as in inference both for database systems and QA systems.
QA and have
In the aviation community, it is common to have new sailors ask QA for the keys to the aircraft or the line shack for 1, 000 feet of flight line.
Joining Jeff Arnold ( founder of WebMD ) and Dr. Mehmet Oz, SPT co-founded the online QA platform Sharecare, where users have their health and wellness-related questions answered by industry experts and institutions such as AARP, the American Cancer Society, the American Heart Association, the American Red Cross, the Cleveland Clinic and Johns Hopkins.
QA and years
Marcia Wilbur worked at Microchip Technology for 4 years: 1 as a QA consultant in IS and 3 years full time in the SMTD ( Security, Microcontroller, and Technology Development Division ).
QA and additional
In the field upgrades were rare in practice due to system hardware vendors not wanting to incur additional customer support costs or spend additional money on QA for the potential upgrades or bug fixes to shipped products they had already closed the revenue books on.
Rebranding in this manner allows one set of engineering and QA to be used to create multiple products with minimal modifications and additional expense.
QA and domains
To upgrade a QA system with such capabilities, it would be necessary to integrate reasoning components operating on a variety of knowledge bases, encoding world knowledge and common-sense reasoning mechanisms, as well as knowledge specific to a variety of domains.
Prior to the making the. QA domain available to the public, QDR held a “ sunrise ” period for the domains which enabled trademark holders and government entities to register for the Qatar-specific domain names.
QA and knowledge
A QA implementation, usually a computer program, may construct its answers by querying a structured database of knowledge or information, usually a knowledge base.
An example hybrid QA system is the Wolfram Alpha QA system which employs natural language processing to transform human questions into a form that is processed by a curated knowledge base.
; Data sources for QA: Before a question can be answered, it must be known what knowledge sources are available and relevant.
QA and For
For example, a dedicated individual ( s ) may apply all system upgrades, a Quality Assurance ( QA ) team may perform testing and validation, and one or more technical writers may be responsible for all technical documentation written for a company.
QA and developed
* QA ( robot ), a two-wheeled balancing telepresence robot developed by Anybots
QA and answer
QA is very dependent on a good search corpus-for without documents containing the answer, there is little any QA system can do.
; Interactive QA: It is often the case that the information need is not well captured by a QA system, as the question processing part may fail to classify properly the question or the information needed for extracting and generating the answer is not easily retrieved.
QA and questions
QA research attempts to deal with a wide range of question types including: fact, list, definition, How, Why, hypothetical, semantically constrained, and cross-lingual questions.
On November 2, 2009, HSW International co-founded Sharecare, Inc., developing a social QA platform through which users ask health-and wellness-related questions, receiving answers from industry experts.
QA and about
; User profiling for QA: The user profile captures data about the questioner, comprising context data, domain of interest, reasoning schemes frequently used by the questioner, common ground established within different dialogues between the system and the user, and so forth.
The development and QA team totaled about 30 people.
QA and .
This is particularly true in industrial quality assurance ( QA ), forensic and environmental applications.
Analytical chemistry plays an increasingly important role in the pharmaceutical industry where, aside from QA, it is used in discovery of new drug candidates and in clinical applications where understanding the interactions between the drug and the patient are critical.
QA 76. H279 1990.
A radiologist typically sees a viewing station, a technologist a QA workstation, while a PACS administrator might spend most of their time in the climate-controlled computer room.
Depending on the facility's workflow most modalities send to a quality assurance ( QA ) workstation or sometimes called a PACS gateway.
The QA workstation is a checkpoint to make sure patient demographics are correct as well as other important attributes of a study.
* Bio-file profile QA with Larry Holmes at Boxinginsider. com
His mother was a QA nurse.
* There is no need to regression test the existing product, saving on QA time associated with the new product launch, and reducing time to market.
Includes allied nationals, Chelsea Pensioners, QA Nurses as well as German and Italian plots.
* S. Mahanta, On some approaches towards non-commutative algebraic geometry, math. QA / 0501166
Quality assurance ( QA ) refers to the planned and systematic activities implemented in a quality system so that quality requirements for a product or service will be fulfilled.
Two principles included in QA are: " Fit for purpose ", the product should be suitable for the intended purpose ; and " Right first time ", mistakes should be eliminated.
QA includes management of the quality of raw materials, assemblies, products and components, services related to production, and management, production and inspection processes.
Although there were many individuals trying to lead United States industries towards a more comprehensive approach to quality, the U. S. continued to apply the Quality Control ( QC ) concepts of inspection and sampling to remove defective product from production lines, essentially ignoring advances in QA for decades.
The process ( es ) which are managed with QA pertain to Total Quality Management.
" QA " is sometimes used informally as a synonym for software testing.
In order to promote this process, a set of new policy instruments were implemented, such as CQAF ( Common Quality Assurance Framework ) and replacement EQARF ( European Quality Assurance Reference framework ), which shall allow for EC-wide comparison of QA in VET and building the capacities for a common quality assurance policy and quality culture in VET throughout Europe.
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