There was also the vivid and detailed works of art by Qian Xuan ( 1235 – 1305 ), who had served the Song court, and out of patriotism refused to serve the Mongols, instead turning to painting.

A farmland genre was born in obscurity by Tao Qian ( 365-427 ) also known as Tao Yuanming as he labored in his fields and then wrote extolling the influence of wine.

The Records of the Grand Historian, also known by its Chinese name Shiji (), written from 109 to 91 BC, was the magnum opus of Sima Qian, in which he recounted Chinese history from the time of the Yellow Emperor until his own time.

Qian was also invited to visit the US by AIAA after the normalization of Sino-US relationship, but he refused the invitation, having wanted a formal apology for his detention.

Chinese historian Sima Qian ( 145-87 BCE ) described the practices of the Xiongnu ( also transliterated " Hsiung-nu ") in his magnum opus, Records of the Grand Historian.

Zhang Qian also describes the origins of the Yuezhi, explaining they came from the eastern part of the Tarim Basin, a momentous explanation which has encouraged historians to connect them to the Caucasoid mummies, as well as to the Indo-European-speaking Tocharians that have been identified from precisely the same area:

Zhang Qian also reports about the existence of India southeast of Bactria.

Zhang Qian also visited directly the area of Sogdiana ( Kangju ), home to the Sogdian nomads:

He is also among China's finest prose writers, second only to Sima Qian, and first among the " Eight Great Prose Masters of the Tang and Song ".

Thus, students learn Chinese culture by reading not only Confucius, Laozi and Zhuangzi, but also Mencius, Xun Zi, Han Feizi, and Mozi, as well as historical narratives by Sima Qian and the Zuo Zhuan, the later movement of Neo-Confucianism and Zhu Xi, narrative works such as Journey to the West or the Romance of the Three Kingdoms and the great Chinese poets, Li Bai, Wang Wei and Du Fu.

Wrestling is also documented in the Shǐ Jì, Records of the Grand Historian, written by Sima Qian ( ca.

Since 2005, she also hosted a political talk show on the Phoenix Television, " Qie Ma Chen Wen Qian ," which focuses on exposing the flaws of Taiwan's democratic system.

The Qiantang River (, also known as the Qian River ) is a southeast Chinese river that originates in the borders of Anhui and Jiangxi provinces and passes through Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang province, before flowing into the East China Sea through Hangzhou Bay.

Maonu sets Ermei with a job in a restaurant run by Yu, and also introduces her to a young man, Qian Liansheng.

Yu Qian, the defence minister of Ming, who was organizing Chinese resistance, commented that the emperor's life is not as important as the fate of the country ; he also believed that ransoming the emperor might boost the Mongols ' morale and reduce that of the Ming.

Sima Qian noted in Shiji that Huo Qubing refused to share his food with his soldiers when their provisions were low, and also regularly ordered his troops to dig up football fields for his personal amusement.

After the general Yang Yichen defeated and killed the rebel general Ge Qian ( 格遷 ), Wang crushed the remainder of Ge's forces, and also those of Lu Mingyue ( 盧明月 ).

During the rebellion of the army officer Wang Ying in 876-877, Qian and Dong Chang, also from Lin ' an, joined a local militia to defend against Wang's raids.

Qian also sent his cousin Qian Qiu ( 錢銶 ) to attack Su Prefecture ( 蘇州, in modern Suzhou, Jiangsu ), and Qian Qiu captured it in spring 888, allowing Qian Liu to control most of Zhenhai territory, which he largely held onto from this point on — resisting even an imperial attempt to take control of Su, by a failed assassination attempt against the imperially-commissioned prefect Du Ruxiu ( 杜孺休 ), which caused Du Ruxiu to flee and allowed Qian to retain control.

( During the campaign, Qian's father Qian Kuan died ; Emperor Zhaozong sent imperial messengers to mourn him, and also created Qian the greater title of Prince of Pengcheng.

Qian considered abandoning the siege after Huainan forces captured Su Prefecture about the same time, but Gu pointed out that capturing Yue should be the first priority, and Qian agreed.

An example of such would be Qian Xuan ( 1235 – 1305 AD ), who was an official of the Song Dynasty, but out of patriotism, refused to serve the Yuan court and dedicated himself to painting.

While Zhang Qian did not succeed in this mission, his reports of the west provided even greater incentive to counter the Xiongnu hold on westward routes out of China, and the Chinese prepared to mount a large scale attack using the Northern Silk Road to move men and material.

5th century BCE ) in his Histories, and was already both practiced and edited out by early encyclopaedic writers like Sima Qian ( ca.

On the one side, as Martin Palmer points out in the introduction to his translation, two of the three chapters Sima Qian cited in his biography of Zhuangzi, come from the " Outer Chapters " and the third from the " Mixed Chapters ".

Sima Qian sifted out the elements of the supernatural and fantastic which seemed to contradict their existence as actual human monarchs, and was therefore criticized for turning myths and folklore into sober history.

Qian found himself in conflict with both the FBI and the U. S. Immigration and Naturalization Service, and at one point was arrested for allegedly smuggling secret documents out of the US ; these ultimately turned out to be simple logarithmic tables.

Zhang Qian set out on a second mission to forge a route from China to India via Sichuan, but after many attempts this effort proved unsuccessful.

He enlists the help of Lin Chong's friend Lu Qian, asking Lu Qian to distract Lin Chong by asking him out for drinks.

He rushes out and kills Lu Qian and his accomplices.

Though it seems likely that Zhi Qian had already begun translating Buddhist texts while in the northern capital of Luoyang, the bulk of his translation activity was carried out in the south.

Xue was taken captive, and Qian had his heart cut out of his body to be sacrificed to Zhou.

However, the ambitious Qian, who was hopeful that the imperial government would declare a campaign against Dong so that he could be able to turn on Dong without appearing to be ungrateful, then submitted an accusation against Dong, pointing out that Dong committed the unpardonable crime of treason.

Meanwhile, Yang Xingmi, who did not want to see Qian take over Weisheng, sent messengers to Qian to point out that Dong had already repented and should be pardoned, but Qian did not relent.

They captured the outer city, but Qian Chuanying and Ma held out against the attack in the inner city.

Yang had Xu Wan delivered to Qian, and Qian cut out Xu Wan's heart and sacrificed it to Gao Wei ( 高渭 ), an officer who was killed in the Xu Wan / Xu Zaisi mutiny.

Mu Prefecture, however, remained out of Qian's control, and in late 904, after Qian sent Ye Rang ( 葉讓 ) to try to assassinate Chen Zhang ( 陳璋 ) the prefect of Qu Prefecture ( 衢州, in modern Quzhou, Zhejiang ), whom Qian had resented for receiving Xu Wan's associate Zhang Hong ( 張洪 ), Chen Zhang also submitted to Yang.

The organizer of the conference was Dr. Qian Suoqiao, whose book, Liberal Cosmopolitan: Lin Yutang and Middling Chinese Modernity ( Leiden ; Boston: Brill, 2010 ) was the first ( and still only ) full length academic study of Lin in any language.

Qiao Zong then, after approval from Yao Xing, attacked Jing Province ( 荊州, modern Hubei and Hunan ) with Huan Qian and the Later Qin general Gou Lin ( 苟林 ).

However, Gao Qiu is dissatisfied with Lin Chong's fate and sends Lu Qian to Cangzhou to kill Lin.

Lu Qian bribes the chief warden to assign Lin Chong to oversee a fodder depot.

Later, Lu Qian and the warden set fire to the depot in an attempt to kill Lin.

After the olympics, the name " Five Golden Flowers " was given to the five medalist swimmers Yang Wenyi ( 50 meter Freestyle champion ), Zhuang Yong ( 100 meter Freestyle champion ), Lin Li ( 200 meter Individual Medley champion ), Qian Hong ( 100 meter Butterfly champion ) and Wang Xiaohong ( 200 meter Butterfly silver medalist ).

Lin's translations were much forgotten until the essay " Lin Shu's Translations " () by Qian Zhongshu appeared in 1963.

In his essay, Qian Zhongshu quoted Goethe's simile of translators as geschäftige Kuppler, and stated that Lin Shu served well as a matchmaker between Western literature and Chinese readers, as he himself ( a most avid reader of western books ) was indeed motivated by Lin's translations to learn foreign languages.

According to Qian, Lin Shu's career, which lasted almost 30 years, can be divided into two phases.

* Qian Zhongshu, " Lin Shu's Translation "

Qian Liu was born in Lin ' an County in 852, during the reign of Emperor Xuānzong of Tang.

Qian then sent Dong's old subordinate Luo Tuan ( 駱團 ) to Dong, stating that there were imperial orders for Dong to retire to Lin ' an.

He could not capture Lin ' an quickly and was apprehensive that Qian might counterattack, and therefore gained goodwill by protecting Qian's family tombs and allowing Gu, whom Qian valued greatly, to write home.