* 1987 — David Burstein, Roger Davies, Alan Dressler, Sandra Faber, Donald Lynden-Bell, R. J. Terlevich, and Gary Wegner claim that a large group of galaxies within about 200 million light years of the Milky Way are moving together towards the " Great Attractor " in the direction of Hydra and Centaurus,

We say that N is nilpotent if there is some positive integer R such that Af.

for, using the fact that N and N' commute Af and so when R is sufficiently large every term in this expression for Af will be 0.

It is very easy to establish by induction on R that if F is in Af then Af ; ;

It is difficult to measure the direction and magnitude of R directly.

This is not a constant value like Af, but varies with the thickness of the coating and the direction and magnitude of the resultants R and Af of Fig. 6.

If the rake angle **yc of the knife is high enough and the friction angle **yt between the front of the knife and the back of the chip is low enough to give a positive value for Af, the resultant vector R will lie above the plane of the substrate.

But even more important than this is the fact that the direct search by simultaneously varying all operating conditions has produced only one optimal policy, namely, that for the given feed state and R stages.

But Af is vastly larger than R.

These will be numbered in the direction opposite to the flow of the process stream, so that stage R is the T stage from the end.

In the third column is given the optimal policy for stage R, and in the fourth, the resulting state of the stream when this policy is used.

In this case the stage R operating with conditions Af transforms the state of the stream from Af to Af, but only the probability distribution of Af is known.

that is, it is known empirically that names beginning with R are more common than those beginning with Z ; ;

The study of altruism was the initial impetus behind George R. Price's development of the Price equation, which is a mathematical equation used to study genetic evolution.

Kempthorne and his students make an assumption of unit treatment additivity, which is discussed in the books of Kempthorne and David R. Cox.

An alkyl group, generally abbreviated with the symbol R, is a functional group or side-chain that, like an alkane, consists solely of single-bonded carbon and hydrogen atoms, for example a methyl or ethyl group.

Where territory is occupied in the course of hostilities by an enemy's force, even if the annexation of the occupied country is proclaimed by the enemy, there can be no change of allegiance during the progress of hostilities on the part of a citizen of the occupied country ( R v Vermaak ( 1900 ) 21 NLR 204 ( South Africa )).

A natural-born subject owes allegiance wherever they may be, so that where territory is occupied in the course of hostilities by an enemy's force, even if the annexation of the occupied country is proclaimed by the enemy, there can be no change of allegiance during the progress of hostilities on the part of a citizen of the occupied country ( R v Vermaak ( 1900 ) 21 NLR 204 ( South Africa )).

USACC is co-chaired by Tim Cejka, President of Exxon Mobil Corporation and Reza Vaziri, President of R. V.

Other variable stars are U Camelopardalis, VZ Camelopardalis, and Mira variables T Camelopardalis, X Camelopardalis, and R Camelopardalis.

R Equulei is a Mira variable that ranges between magnitudes 8. 0 and 15. 7 over nearly 261 days.

R Leporis is a Mira variable star also called " Hind's Crimson Star " for its striking red color.

R & B stars include Noora Elweya Qadry, Winta and Mira Craig.

* R Normae is a Mira variable.

This process is predicted to happen to all Mira variables, but the relatively short duration of thermal pulses ( a few thousand years ) over the asymptotic giant branch lifetime of the star ( a few million years ), means we only see it in a few of the several thousand Mira stars known, possibly in R Hydrae.

The reddish star R Reticuli is a Mira variable.

R Horologii is a red giant Mira variable with a very wide range, 1000 light-years from Earth.

In Japan, buyers had a wide selection to choose from in passenger cars, microvan and kei trucks, such as the Honda Today and the Honda Acty, Subaru Sambar and Subaru Vivio, Daihatsu Atrai and Daihatsu Mira, Mitsubishi Minica and Mitsubishi Minicab, and the Suzuki Fronte and Suzuki Wagon R. In Europe, Renault followed Fiat in 1993 with the Renault Twingo, which featured a MPV-like design and interior room, despite its size and height long and tall.

R Doradus ( also called HD 29712 ) is the name of a red giant Mira variable star in the far-southern constellation Dorado, although visually it appears more closely associated with the constellation Reticulum.

For example, an " X " is used to indicate a variable group amongst a class of compounds ( though usually a halogen ), while " R " is used for a radical, meaning a compound structure such as a hydrocarbon chain.

R Delphini is a Mira-type variable star with a period of 285. 5 days.

A polynomial f in one variable X over a ring R is defined as a formal expression of the form

If the revenue the firm is receiving is greater than its total variable cost ( R > VC ) then the firm is covering all variable cost plus there is additional revenue (" contribution "), which can be applied to fixed costs.

The difference between revenue, R, and variable costs, VC, is the contribution to fixed costs and any contribution is better than none.

Penicillin core structure, where " R " is the variable group.

This skeleton has the molecular formula R-C < sub > 9 </ sub > H < sub > 11 </ sub > N < sub > 2 </ sub > O < sub > 4 </ sub > S, where R is a variable side chain.

It is worth mentioning, however, as it served as the starting point for variable star designations, which start with " R " through " Z ", then " RR ", " RS ", " RT "..." RZ ", " SS ", " ST "..." ZZ " and beyond.

RT Trianguli Australis is an unusual cepheid variable which shows strong absorption bands in C2, CH and CN, and has been classified as a carbon cepheid of spectral type R. It varies between magnitudes 9. 2 and 9. 97 over 1. 95 days.

There is a widespread belief according to which Argelander chose the letter R for German rot or French rouge, both meaning " red ", because many variable stars known at that time appear red.

T is valid in any reflexive frame: if, then since w R w. On the other hand, a frame which validates T has to be reflexive: fix w ∈ W, and define satisfaction of a propositional variable p as follows: if and only if w R u.

R: Next line of input replaces accept buffer, and string variable ' FREE '

R: Numeric input assigned to numeric variable " Q "

R: Output a variable expression

The set of all formal power series in X with coefficients in a commutative ring R form another ring that is written R < nowiki ></ nowiki > X < nowiki ></ nowiki >, and called the ring of formal power series in the variable X over R.

The several variable case can be further generalised by taking non-commuting variables X < sub > i </ sub > for i ∈ I, where I is an index set and then a monomial X < sup > α </ sup > is any word in the X < sub > I </ sub >; a formal power series in X < sub > I </ sub > with coefficients in a ring R is determined by any mapping from the set of monomials X < sup > α </ sup > to a corresponding coefficient c < sub > α </ sub >, and is denoted.

If R is a given commutative ring, then the set of all polynomials in the variable X whose coefficients are in R forms the polynomial ring, denoted R. The same holds true for several variables.