[permalink] [id link]
Ramachandran theorized that Different subtypes of number – colour synaesthesia ... are caused by hyperconnectivity between colour and number areas at different stages in processing ; lower synaesthetes may have cross-wiring ( or cross-activation ) within the fusiform gyrus, whereas higher synaesthetes may have cross-activation in the angular gyrus. Consistent with this model, Ramachandran's group found increased activity in color selective areas in synesthetes compared to non-synesthetes using fMRI.
from
Wikipedia
Some Related Sentences
Ramachandran and theorized
Hearing about these results, Vilayanur S. Ramachandran theorized that phantom limb sensations could be due to this reorganization in the somatosensory cortex, which is located in the postcentral gyrus, and which receives input from the limbs and body.
Building on earlier work by Ronald Melzack ( McGill University ) and Timothy Pons ( NIMH ), Ramachandran theorized that there was a link between the phenomenon of phantom limbs and neural plasticity in the adult human brain.
Ramachandran theorized that there was a relationship between the cortical reorganization evident in the MEG images and the referred sensations he observed in his subjects.
Ramachandran has also theorized that mirror neurons may be the key to understanding the neurological basis of human self awareness.
Recognizing that dysfunctional mirror neuron systems cannot account for the wide range of symptoms that are included in autism spectrum disorder ( ASD ), Ramachandran has theorized that childhood temporal lobe epilepsy and olfactory bulb dysgenesis may also play a role in creating the symptoms of ASD.
Ramachandran theorized that phantom limbs were the result of cortical remapping.
Ramachandran and number
Ramachandran ( with then PhD student, Edward Hubbard ) showed that some synesthetes were better able to detect " embedded figures " composed of one letter or number ( for example a triangle composed of 2s ) on a background of another number ( for example 5s ).
Recently, Ramachandran has also begun investigations of other forms of synesthesia, including number forms and tactile → emotion synesthesia.
Between 2000 and 2006 Ramachandran and his colleagues at UC San Diego published a number of articles in support of this theory, which became known as the " Broken Mirrors " theory of autism.
In contrast, the Ramachandran plot for proline, with its 5-membered-ring side chain connecting Cα to backbone N, shows only a very limited number of possible combinations of ψ and φ ( see Pro plot at left ).
Ramachandran and –
According to his website, three extended periods of his fasting have been observed under control of scientific and medical teams, the first lasting 211 days in 1995 – 96, in Calicut, India, under the direction of Dr C. K. Ramachandran.
* 1938 – S. Ramachandran Pillai, Indian communist leader
* 1917 – M. G. Ramachandran, Indian politician, actor ( d. 1987 )
* January 17 – M. G. Ramachandran, Tamil Nadu chief minister and actor.
Ramachandran was elected to a visiting fellowship at All Souls College, Oxford ( 1998 – 1999 ).
* G. Ramachandran ( 1904 – 1995 ), Indian social reformer, and politician
* Gopalasamudram Narayana Iyer Ramachandran ( 1922 – 2001 ), biophysicist who created the Ramachandran Map
* Janaki Ramachandran ( 1923 – 1996 ) Indian Tamil actress and politician
Ramachandran ( 1898 – 1956 ), Indian music and art critic
* Marudur Gopala Ramachandran ( 1917 – 1987 ), Tamil film actor and Chief Minister of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu
* T. Ramachandran ( 1944 – 2000 ), Malayalam author
* T. N. Ramachandran ( 1903 – 1973 ), art historian, artist, archaeologist and a Sanskrit scholar
* Ramachandran plot – a biochemical method
* M. G. Ramachandran ( 1917 – 1987 ), Indian actor & politician
Ramachandran, ( 8 October 1922 – 7 April 2001 ) was an Indian physicist who was known for his work that led to his creation of the Ramachandran plot for understanding peptide structure.
Ramachandran then spent two years ( 1947 – 1949 ) at the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge, where he earned his Ph. D. for ' studies on X-ray diffuse scattering and its application to determination of elastic constants ' under the direction of Professor William Alfred Wooster, popularly known as W. A.
* G Ramachandran: Prominent Indian business leader ; President, Singapore Indian Chamber of Commerce, 1966 – 1968, 1973 – 1974, 1982 – 1986
* Gopalasamudram Narayana Ramachandran ( 1922 – 2001 ), India
Ramachandran and synaesthesia
Effect: Ramachandran and Hubbard's contribution is in terms of exploring " the neural basis of qualia " by " using pre-existing, stable differences in the conscious experiences of people who experience synaesthesia compared with those who do not " but, they note that " this still doesn ’ t explain why these particular events are qualia laden and others are not ( Chalmers ’ ‘ hard problem ’) but at least it narrows the scope of the problem " ( p. 25 ).
Ramachandran and ...
Ramachandran, a well-known 20th-century Indian music critic, wrote: " Tyagaraja is an indefatigable interpreter of the past ... but if with one eye he looks backward, with the other he looks forward as well.
Ramachandran and are
Since the patient was capable of feeling emotions and recognizing faces, but could not feel emotions when recognizing familiar faces, Ramachandran hypothesizes that the origin of Capgras syndrome is a disconnection between the temporal cortex, where faces are usually recognized ( see temporal lobe ), and the limbic system, involved in emotions.
Ramachandran points out that areas of the brain which appear to be involved in the mix-ups in synesthesia are adjacent to each other physically, and that cross-wiring, or cross activation, could explain synesthesia and our ability to make metaphors.
Ramachandran is credited with discovering several new visual effects and illusions ; most notably perceived slowing of motion at equiluminance ( when red and green are seen as equally bright ), stereoscopic " capture " using illusory contours, stereoscopic learning, shape-from-shading, and motion capture.
" Although Ramachandran was one of the first scientists to emphasize the role of cortical reorganization as the basis for phantom limb sensations, subsequent research has demonstrated that referred sensations are not the perceptual correlate of cortical reorganization after amputation.
Ramachandran suggested that grapheme-color synesthesia is the result of increased connectivity between brain areas that are responsible for the perceptual recognition of letters and numbers and colors, perhaps due to genetic factors, given that synesthesia is known to run in families.
Following Lakoff and Johnson, Ramachandran argues that metaphors are non-arbitrary.
Ramachandran and Hubbard suggest that " these rules metaphor production are a result of strong anatomical constraints that permit certain types of cross-activation, but not others ."< sup > p.
In collaboration with then post-doctoral fellow, William Hirstein, Ramachandran published a paper in 1997 in which he presented a theory describing the neural basis of Capgras delusion, a delusion in which family members and other loved ones are thought to be replaced by impostors.
Most famous among them are M. L. Vasanthakumari, Radha Jayalakshmi, Thanjavur S. Kalyanaraman, Trichur V. Ramachandran, T. R. Balu, T. S. Balasubramanian, and Ragini.
Because dihedral angle values are circular and 0 ° is the same as 360 °, the edges of the Ramachandran plot " wrap " right-to-left and bottom-to-top.
Ramachandran suggests for the same reason that a model whose hips and breasts are about to be revealed is more provocative than one who is already completely naked.
There are baila songs in Tamil also which was popularised by Nithi Kanagaratnam, Ceylon Manohar, M. P. Paramesh, Ramachandran, Amuthan Annamalai and many othes.
Although neuromas are able to contribute to phantom pain, pain is not completely eliminated when peripheral nerves are treated with conduction blocking agents ( Ramachandran and Hirstein, 1998 ).
Many patients experience pain as a result of a clenched phantom limb, and because phantom limbs are not under voluntary control, unclenching becomes impossible ( Ramachandran and Rogers-Ramachandran, 1996 ).
0.512 seconds.