Researchers had hoped that the lander would survive into the Martian winter so that it could witness polar ice developing around it – perhaps up to 1 metre of solid carbon dioxide ice could have appeared.

Researchers from Cardiff University and King ’ s College London have discovered new evidence which it is hoped could eventually help diagnose and prevent type 1 diabetes.

Researchers may also publish work in early form as a technical report to establish novelty, without having to wait for the often long production schedules of academic journals.

Researchers worldwide are able to use these resources to make inferences of genomic knowledge through computational analysis and integration of data.

Researchers are also interested in proteins that can fold into more than one stable configuration ; protein aggregation diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease and Huntington's Disease as well as prion diseases such as Mad Cow disease can be better understood by constructing ( and deconstructing ) disease models ; the most common way of doing this is by developing a way of inducing the desired disease state in test animals ( administering MPTP to give the animals Parkinson's disease, or knocking out a gene essential for the prevention of certain tumors from the animals ' genomes ).

Researchers continue to study this theory, particularly using computer simulation of crowd behaviour, and the applicability of models to reproduce crash-like phenomena.

Researchers also studied global climate models, including cloud formation and radiative properties of clouds.

Researchers have also studied algorithms for finding connected components in more limited models of computation, such as programs in which the working memory is limited to a logarithmic number of bits ( defined by the complexity class L ).

Researchers such as Ayala have more fundamentally challenged the molecular clock hypothesis .< ref name = Ayala99 > According to Ayala's 1999 study, 5 factors combine to limit the application of molecular clock models:

Researchers, led by Nicholas Savill of the University of Edinburgh in Scotland, used mathematical models to simulate the spread of H5N1 and concluded that " at least 95 per cent of birds need to be protected to prevent the virus spreading silently.

Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley ( especially Daniel McFadden, who won a " Nobel " Prize in Economics for his efforts ) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology ( Moshe Ben-Akiva ) ( and in MIT associated consulting firms, especially Cambridge Systematics ) developed what has become known as choice models, direct demand models ( DDM ), Random Utility Models ( RUM ) or, in its most used form, the multinomial logit model ( MNL ).

Researchers applying mathematical models from system dynamics usually use Lyapunov stability.

Researchers are using advanced techniques and models to study the mechanical properties of neural tissues and their effects on the tissues ' ability to withstand and generate force and movements as well as their vulnerability to traumatic loading.

Researchers have grown solid jawbones and tracheas from human stem cells towards this end.

Researchers at the National Cancer Institute found that human subjects who ate beef rare or medium-rare had less than one third the risk of stomach cancer than those who ate beef medium-well or well-done.

Researchers such as Marvin Minsky would write computer programs in languages such as LISP to attempt to formally characterize the steps that human beings went through, for instance, in making decisions and solving problems, in the hope of better understanding human thought, and also in the hope of creating artificial minds.

Researchers applying these algorithms are automatically producing human competitive designs — but no human designer is required.

* 2005: Researchers at UC Irvine's Reeve-Irvine Research Center are able to partially restore the ability of rats with paralyzed spines to walk through the injection of human neural stem cells.

Researchers have used it to gather information about the biology of the eukaryotic cell and ultimately human biology.

Researchers initially scanned a termite mound and created 3-D images of the mound structure, which revealed construction that can influence human building design.

Researchers need to understand the human body structure and behavior ( biomechanics ) to build and study humanoid robots.

Researchers at Harvard have recently shown that human subjects can at least be entrained to a 23. 5-hour cycle and a 24. 65-hour cycle ( the latter being the natural solar day-night cycle on the planet Mars ).

Researchers at Tufts developed scaffolds made of spongy silk that feel and look similar to human tissue.

Researchers estimate that anywhere from a third to half of the world's human population carry a Toxoplasma infection.

Researchers in the study isolated and purified human colon cancer cells in vitro and treated them with caffeoylquinic acid ( CQA ), a derivative of yerba mate.

Researchers have derived a differential equation giving the ERB value in Hz of a human auditory filter with a center frequency of kHz.

Researchers in this field advocate for the appropriateness of using animal economic behavior to understand the elementary components of human economic behavior.

Researchers studying demand curves in non-human animals such as rats observe that demand curves have negative slopes, consistent with the slope of human demand curves.

Researchers believe parabens have the ability to bind to human androgen receptors but it still remains unclear.

Researchers believe that geo-mapping of appropriate habitat and human settlement patterns may, with the use of predictor variables such as forest, land cover, rainfall, temperature, and soil type, allow for estimation of Loa loa transmission in the absence of point-of-care diagnostic tests.

Researchers are studying different adjuvants, antigens, and routes of immunization to ascertain the most appropriate system of immune protection ; however, most of the research only recently moved from animal to human trials.

Researchers at the Overseas Development Institute also highlight the importance of using economic growth to improve the human condition, raising people out of poverty and achieving the Millennium Development Goals.

Researchers have found that some plant stress hormones share the ability to adversely affect human cancer cells.

Researchers have used the registry to study how asbestos exposure affects human health.

Researchers also use habituation and dishabituation procedures in the laboratory to study the perceptual and cognitive capabilities of human infants.

Researchers in the rhetoric of science, have shown how the two are difficult to separate, and how discourse helps to create knowledge.

Researchers in the field of positive psychology have defined wisdom as the coordination of " knowledge and experience " and " its deliberate use to improve well being.

Researchers at the Overseas Development Institute stress the need for humanitarian organization to develop a greater expertise in these issues, using experts who have a knowledge in both humanitarian and land and property issues and so provide better advice to state actors seeking to resolve these issues.

Researchers holding the ' distributed semantic knowledge ' view believe that your knowledge of the sound a dog makes exists in your auditory cortex, whilst your ability to recognize and imagine the visual features of a dog resides in your visual cortex.

Researchers interested in the Western Lands should consult these volumes to gain knowledge of the legislative actions and petitions granted by the Connecticut General Assembly.

Researchers and musicians from all over the world gather to share their knowledge and late-breaking work on new musical interface design.