Organisations such as the End Conscription Campaign and Committee on South African War Resisters, were set up.

Despite his previous pacifist commitment, he resigned from War Resisters ' International, explaining that he was " faced by this fact: If I were in Spain at this moment I should be fighting with the workers against the Fascists forces.

The deserters were aided in their efforts by groups such as Students for a Democratic Society, the Black Panthers, the Revolutionary Union, The Resistance, American Friends Service Committee, War Resisters League and the Committee for Peace and Freedom.

During this time they were some of the founders of such things as the Valley Community Land Trust, the Pioneer Valley War Tax Resisters, and the Greenfield Farmer's Market.

Their critique of the economic system went to eccentric extremes — at one point, Juanita convinced the Pioneer Valley War Tax Resisters that interest payments were ethically insupportable.

Three international peace groups were founded in Bilthoven in the aftermath of World War I: the International Fellowship of Reconciliation in 1919, Service Civil International in 1920, and War Resisters ' International in 1921.

Since 1958, WRL has awarded almost annually the War Resisters League Peace Award to a person or organization whose work represents the League's radical nonviolent program of action.

Since 1958, the " War Resisters League ", the pacifist group founded in 1923, has awarded almost annually its War Resisters League Peace Award to a person or organization whose work represents the League's radical nonviolent program of Gandhian action.

He experienced an epiphany attending a War Resisters League conference at Haverford College in August 1969, listening to a speech given by a draft resister named Randy Kehler, who said he was " very excited " that he would soon be able to join his friends in prison.

* Anarchists and War Tax Resistance and Death and Taxes-30 minute film about War Tax Resisters and their motivations by the NWTRCC

The War Resisters League ( WRL ) was formed in 1923 by men and women who had opposed World War I.

The broken rifle symbol is used by War Resisters ' International ( WRI ) and its affiliates but predates the foundation of WRI in 1921.

* Radical Pacifism: The War Resisters League and Gandhian Nonviolence in America, 1915-1963 ( 2003 ), by Scott H. Bennett.

* Northern Passage: American Vietnam War Resisters in Canada, by John Hagan, Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 2001.

The document was published in 1966 by Liberation, the magazine of the War Resisters League.

* Free to Die for their Country: The Story of the Japanese American Draft Resisters in World War II, 2001, by Eric Muller.

Planned by Rennie Davis and Jerry Coffin of the War Resisters League, later joined by Michael Lerner, militant mass-action tries to shut down the government in Washington, D. C..

* Devi Prasad, ( 2005 ) War is a Crime Against Humanity ( foreword by George Willoughby ), London, War Resisters ' International, ISBN 0-903517-20-5, pp. 89, 522, 523.

War Resisters International has stated that the right to conscientious objection to military service is primarily derived from, but not yet explicit in, Article 18 the UDHR: the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion.

The War Resisters League annually publishes a pie chart showing how much of the U. S. federal budget actually covers current and past military expenses, listing the total as 54 %:

It works to counter military recruitment of young people in the United States — through FOR's " I Will Not Kill " campaign, and in partnership with the Ruckus Society, the War Resisters League, and others in the Not Your Soldier project.

In 1971 Peace News, together with War Resisters ' International, initiated a nonviolent direct action project, Operation Omega to Bangladesh, to challenge the Pakistani military blockade of then East Pakistan.

de: War Resisters League

Groups such as Amnesty International and War Resisters International have advocated for " The Right to Refuse to Kill " to be added to the UDHR.

However, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights left the issue of conscientious objection inexplicit, as we see in this quote from War Resisters International: " Article 18 of the Covenant does put some limits on the right freedom of thought, conscience and religion, stating that manifestations must not infringe on public safety, order, health or morals.

Ruckus co-sponsors the Not Your Soldier Project ( NYS ), a counter-recruitment effort with the War Resisters League, and the Indigenous Peoples ' Power Project ( IP3 ), bringing together indigenous youth organizers from all over the country.

" As an example, Albert Einstein who had advocated conscientious objection during the First World War and had been a longterm supporter of War Resisters ' International reasoned that " radical pacifism " could not be justified in the face of Nazi rearmament and advocated a world federalist organization with its own professional army.

From the 1950s on, he was a vocal pacifist and anti-war activist, and vice-chair of War Resisters ' International from 1966 to 1972.

It is a section of the London-based War Resisters ' International.

Today, the War Resisters League is actively organizing against the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan as well as the impact of war at home.

:"... War Resisters .... count moneys appropriated for veterans ' benefits and payment of the national debt as " taxes to support past wars.

Bennett, Scott H. Radical Pacifism: The War Resisters League and Gandhian Nonviolence in America, 1915-1963 NY: Syracuse Univ.

He was also on the national committee of the War Resisters League ( WRL ) and received their Peace Award in 1958.

David McReynolds ( born October 25, 1929 ) is an American democratic socialist and pacifist activist who described himself as " a peace movement bureaucrat " during his 40-year career with Liberation magazine and the War Resisters League.

He was staunchly anti-war and a draft resister, and in 1960 joined the staff of the War Resisters League ( WRL ), where he remained until his retirement in 1999.

McReynolds was particularly active internationally, both in War Resisters ' International of which he was chairperson for the term 1986 – 88, and in the International Confederation for Disarmament and Peace which eventually merged into the International Peace Bureau.

* Bennett, Scott H. Radical Pacifism: The War Resisters League and Gandhian Nonviolence in America, 1915-1963.

Petrosian successfully defended his title beating Spassky, a feat that had not been accomplished since Alexander Alekhine defeated Efim Bogoljubov in the 1934 World Chess Championship.

There followed a second place at The Alexander Memorial ( Teesside ) in 1975 ( after Geller ), a first place at Szolnok ( also 1975 ), and a multi-way share of second at the large Lone Pine Open of 1976 ( Petrosian won ).

Then in 1951, he triumphed again at Moscow, URS-ch19, with 12 / 17 (+ 9 = 6 − 2 ), against a super-class field which included Efim Geller, Petrosian, Smyslov, Botvinnik, Yuri Averbakh, David Bronstein, Mark Taimanov, Lev Aronin, Salo Flohr, Igor Bondarevsky, and Alexander Kotov.

Players such as Vasily Smyslov, David Bronstein, Isaac Boleslavsky, Paul Keres, Alexander Kotov, Tigran Petrosian, Efim Geller, Mark Taimanov, Yuri Averbakh, Boris Spassky, Mikhail Tal, Viktor Korchnoi, and Leonid Stein dominated the landscape with their sharper styles and innovative openings.

Geller defeated such established players as Semyon Furman, Isaac Boleslavsky, Alexander Kotov, Salo Flohr, fellow finals debutant Tigran Petrosian, Viacheslav Ragozin, and Grigory Levenfish.