" ( For a contrary characterization, see " Retroactive Ethical Judgments and Human Subjects Research: the 1939 Tudor Study in Context ," in Robert Goldfarb, ed., Ethics: A Case Study in Fluency ( San Diego and Oxford: Plural Publishing, 2005 ), ch.

In 2008, Wired and other media reported a lamplighter disclosed a " Quantico Circuit " " Retroactive immunity set the terrible precedent that breaking the law is permissible and companies need not worry about the privacy of their customers ," Feingold said.

Retroactive award of the CIB is authorized for time periods specified above to fully qualified individuals.

Interference theory exists in three branches: Proactive, Retroactive and Output.

Retroactive and Proactive inhibition each referring in contrast to the other.

Retroactive interference is when new information ( memories ) interferes with older information.

Retroactive continuity ( retcon for short ) is the alteration of previously established facts in a fictional work.

" Retroactive continuity " was shortened to " retcon ", reportedly by Damian Cugley in 1988 on Usenet.

Retroactive continuity is similar to, but not the same as, plot inconsistencies introduced accidentally or through lack of concern for continuity ; retconning is done deliberately.

Another untold Crisis-related story by Wolfman was published in August 2011 as part of the DC Retroactive series.

Retroactive changes of the civil law have also been found to violate the constitution when they would have resulted in the loss in a right to damages before the courts, the Irish Supreme Court having found that such a right is a constitutionally protected property right.

Retroactive criminal sanctions are prohibited by Article 2 ( Chapter 1 ) of the Criminal Code of Republic of Lithuania.

Retroactive administrative sanctions are prohibited by Article 8 of the Administrative Code of Republic of Lithuania.

Retroactive taxes or charges are not prohibited, but they can have retroactive effect reaching back only to the time when a new tax bill was proposed by the government.

Retroactive taxes are not ex post facto laws.

In 2011, Bem published the article " Feeling the Future: Experimental Evidence for Anomalous Retroactive Influences on Cognition and Affect " in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology that offered statistical evidence for psi.

One of the nine experiments in Bem's study (' Retroactive Facilitation of Recall ') has since been replicated by scientists Stuart Ritchie, Chris French, and Richard Wiseman.

Automated Retroactive Minimal Moderation ( ARMM ) was a program developed by Richard Depew in 1993 to aid in the control of Usenet abuse.

# Retroactive legislation.

Retroactive pessimism makes use of hindsight bias after a negative, unwanted outcome.

He has starred in films including Real Men, The Principal, Red Heat, Homer and Eddie, K-9, Dimenticare Palermo, Taking Care of Business, Mr. Destiny, Only the Lonely, Curly Sue, Once Upon A Crime, Wild Palms, Royce, Race the Sun, Separate Lives, Retroactive, Gang Related, Angel's Dance and Joe Somebody ( 2001 ).

564 (), " Retroactive Award of the Navy Combat Action Ribbon ", permitted the Secretary of the Navy to award the Combat Action Ribbon to a member of the Navy or Marine Corps for participation in ground or surface combat during any period on or after Dec. 7, 1941, and or before March 1, 1961, if the Secretary determines that the member has not been previously recognized in an appropriate manner for such participation.

Retroactive awards of the Combat Action Ribbon, for retired, deceased, or discharged personnel, are handled by the Navy Liaison Officer to the National Personnel Records Center.

Retroactive interference ( RI ) is a phenomenon that occurs when newly learned information interferes with and impedes the recall of previously learned information.

Cases of Judgments in Ethical Reasoning: An Appraisal of Contemporary Casuistry and Holistic Model for the Mutual Support of Norms and Case Judgments ( Diss., Georgetown U ).

* Ethical and Legal Issues in Guardianship Options for Intellectually Disadvantaged People ( co-author with Terry Carney ), Human Rights Commission Monograph Series, no.

Organizations like the International Humanist and Ethical Union use the " Happy Human " symbol, based on a 1965 design by Denis Barrington </ center >

Breggin, chief editor of the journal Ethical Human Psychology and Psychiatry, is a leading critic of ECT who believes the procedure is neither safe nor effective.

* Lyal S. Sunga, " Dilemmas facing INGOs in coalition-occupied Iraq ", in Ethics in Action: The Ethical Challenges of International Human Rights Nongovernmental Organizations, edited by Daniel A.

* Lyal S. Sunga, " Dilemmas facing INGOs in coalition-occupied Iraq ", in Ethics in Action: The Ethical Challenges of International Human Rights Nongovernmental Organizations, edited by Daniel A.

Yang is Secretary-General of the Chinese Human Genome Project ( CHGP ), Secretary-General of the Human Genome Diversity Committee, and Secretary-General of the Committee of Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues ( ELSI ), CHGP.

Outside the UN, the amendment was criticised by organizations including Reporters Without Borders, Index on Censorship, Human Rights Watch and the International Humanist and Ethical Union, all of whom share the view that the amendment threatens freedom of expression.

*" The Business and Human Rights Management Report — Chiquita Brands International ", Ethical Corporate Magazine, Nov. 2004.

* Human Rights Day is endorsed by the International Humanist and Ethical Union ( IHEU ) as an official day of Humanist celebration.

*" National Right to Life Commends Sustained Veto of Funding for Research that Kills Human Embryos, Rebukes 154 House Members for Rejecting Ethical Alternatives.

Robert J. McShea ( 1917-1997 ), Professor of Political Science, Emeritus, at Boston University, wrote Morality and Human Nature: A New Route to Ethical Theory, and The Political Philosophy of Spinoza.

The Federal Policy for the Protection of Human Subjects ( see: Human subject research legislation in the United States ) enacted in 1977 remained in place: 45CFR § 46. 204 ( d ), " No application or proposal involving human in vitro fertilization may be funded by the Department or any component thereof until the application or proposal has been reviewed by the Ethical Advisory Board and the Board has rendered advice as to its acceptability from an ethical standpoint.

* Per Arne Godejord, " Getting Involved: Perspectives on the Use of True Projects as Tools for Developing Ethical Thinking in Computer Science Students ," International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction 4. 2 ( 2008 ): 22-34.

* Ethical Conduct of Research Involving Human Participants: A Bibliography ( November 2003 )

Many of Breggin's more recent articles are published in the peer-reviewed journal he co-founded with David Cohen and Steven Baldwin, Ethical Human Psychology and Psychiatry, and in The International Journal of Risk and Safety in Medicine as well as in other scientific journals such as Primary Psychiatry ( 2006 ), and the Journal of Humanistic Psychology ( 2000 ).

In 1999, the Center began to publish Ethical Human Sciences and Services ( EHSS ), which was later renamed Ethical Human Psychology and Psychiatry.

In 2002, Breggin encouraged younger professionals to take over the leadership of ICSPP and Ethical Human Psychology and Psychiatry.

* Realizing Rights: The Ethical Globalization Initiative is a partnership of the Aspen Institute, Columbia University, and the Council of International Human Rights Policy whose aim is to put human rights values and principles, such as equity and participation, at the heart of global governance and policy to ensure that the needs of the poorest and most vulnerable are addressed Working in Africa, Realizing Rights: EGI has programs in the areas of health, trade and development, and migration.