But the best known exploiters of the new medium are Kenneth Rexroth and Kenneth Patchen.

As his career progressed, Patchen continued to push himself into more and more experimental styles and forms, developing, along with writers such as Langston Hughes and Kenneth Rexroth, what came to be known as jazz poetry.

Patchen was also close peers with the West Coast poet Kenneth Rexroth who shared Patchen's interest in combining poetry readings with jazz accompaniment.

This was followed in quick succession by Thirty Spanish Poems of Love and Exile translated by Kenneth Rexroth and Poems of Humor & Protest by Kenneth Patchen, but it was the impact of the fourth volume, Howl and Other Poems ( 1956 ) by Allen Ginsberg that brought national attention to the author and publisher.

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This anthology featured far fewer contributors: Basil Bunting, Mary Butts, Frances Fletcher, Robert McAlmon, George Oppen, Ezra Pound, Carl Rakosi, Kenneth Rexroth, Charles Reznikoff, William Carlos Williams, Louis Zukofsky and Forest Anderson, T. S. Eliot, R. B. N. Warriston and Jerry Reisman.

Rexroth had previously sent Ginsberg ( new in the Bay Area ) to meet Snyder, and was thus responsible for their friendship.

They were introduced by Kenneth Rexroth, a San Francisco poet of an older generation, who was a kind of literary father-figure for the younger poets and had helped to establish their burgeoning community through personal introductions at his weekly salon.

`` It might well start a craze like swallowing goldfish or pee-wee golf '', wrote Kenneth Rexroth in an explanatory note in the Evergreen Review, and he may have been right.

Rexroth is a longtime jazz buff, a name-dropper of jazz heroes, and a student of traditional as well as modern jazz.

Rexroth may sometimes achieve an effective juxtaposition, but he rarely makes any effort to capture any jazz `` feeling '' in the text of his poems, relying on his very competent musicians to supply this feeling.

* 1905 – Kenneth Rexroth, American poet ( d. 1982 )

" Kenneth Rexroth said, on reading Eighteen Poems, " The reeling excitement of a poetry-intoxicated schoolboy smote the Philistine as hard a blow with one small book as Swinburne had with Poems and Ballads.

* June 6 – Kenneth Rexroth, American poet ( b. 1905 )

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As American poet Kenneth Rexroth explains, Cubism in poetry " is the conscious, deliberate dissociation and recombination of elements into a new artistic entity made self-sufficient by its rigorous architecture.

* Rexroth, Kenneth.

" I think it's about time Eli Siegel was moved up into the ranks of our acknowledged Leading Poets ," wrote Kenneth Rexroth, in the New York Times.

Then in 1951, a few years after befriending the West Coast poet Kenneth Rexroth, the Patchens moved to the West Coast, living first in San Francisco and then moving to Palo Alto, California in 1957.

Rexroth encouraged the Patchens to move to San Francisco in the early 1950s.

Also that year, she voiced Marina in the animated film Sinbad: Legend of the Seven Seas opposite Brad Pitt, as well as starring as serial divorcee Marilyn Rexroth in the black comedy Intolerable Cruelty with George Clooney.

When asked by Wally Hedrick to organize the Six Gallery reading, Ginsberg wanted Rexroth to serve as master of ceremonies, in a sense to bridge generations.

Rexroth, Ferlinghetti, John Ashbery and Ron Padgett translated French poetry.

Ginsberg showed this poem to Kenneth Rexroth, who criticized it as too stilted and academic ; Rexroth encouraged Ginsberg to free his voice and write from his heart.

Ginsberg was ultimately responsible for inviting the readers ( Gary Snyder, Philip Lamantia, and Philip Whalen, Michael McClure and Kenneth Rexroth ) and writing the invitation.

Patchen's musicians are outsiders in established jazz circles, and Patchen himself has remained outside the San Francisco poetry group, maintaining a self-imposed isolation, even though his conversion to poetry-and-jazz is not as extreme or as sudden as it may first appear.

Patchen lived out the final years of his life with his wife in their modest home in Palo Alto where Patchen created many of his distinctive painted poems, produced while confined to his bed after his disastrous 1959 surgery inadvertenetly damaged his spine.

In addition to their professional relationship, Patchen and Laughlin also became good friends.

Miriam Patchen recalled some of these young poets, including Philip Lamantia, Gary Snyder, and Michael McClure, making special visits to the Patchens ' home in San Francisco to pay their respects.

However, once the Beats ' popularity grew, Patchen disliked being associated with them and was highly critical of their glorification of drug use and what he perceived to be a strong desire for media attention and fame.

These early experiments were evidently not altogether satisfying to Patchen.

In addition to his experiments in reading poetry to jazz, Patchen is beginning to use the figure of the modern jazz musician as a myth hero in the same way he used the figure of the private detective a decade ago.

Although Patchen has given previous evidence of an interest in jazz, the musical group that he works with, the Chamber Jazz Sextet, is often ignored by jazz critics.

( Downbeat did not mention the Los Angeles appearance of Patchen and the Sextet, although the engagement lasted over two months.

From the beginning of his career, Patchen has adopted an anti-intellectual approach to poetry.

Patchen believes that the world is being destroyed by power-hungry and money-hungry people.

Beauty as well as love is redemptive, and Patchen preaches a kind of moral salvation.

Patchen envisions a Dark Kingdom which `` stands above the waters as a sentinel warning man of danger from his own kind ''.

so during the period approximately from 1941 to 1946, Patchen often used private detective stories as a myth reference, and the `` private eye '' as a myth hero.

most important to Patchen, he was a non-literary hero, and very contemporary.

In The Memoirs Of A Shy Pornographer ( 1945 ) Patchen exploited this national sentiment by making his hero, Albert Budd, a private detective.

Obviously, the `` private eye '' can have no more appeal for Patchen.

To fill the job of contemporary hero in 1955, Patchen needed someone else.

Patchen does read some of his earlier works to music, but he has written an entire book of short poems which seem to be especially suited for reading with jazz.

In order to write with authority either about musicians, or as a musician, Patchen would have to soft pedal his characteristically outspoken anger, and change ( at least for the purposes of this poetry ) from a revolutionary to a victim.

Henry Miller characterized Patchen as a `` man of anger and light ''.

This angry and exasperated stance which Patchen has maintained in his poetry for almost fifteen years has been successfully modulated into a kind of woe that is as effective as anger and still expresses his disapproval of the modern world.

'' Patchen is still the rebel, but he writes in a doleful, mournful tone.

Patchen is repeatedly preoccupied with death.

I was reminded, amusedly, by a poem of Kenneth Patchen's called The Murder of Two Men by a Young Kid Wearing Lemon Colored Gloves, which Patchen himself read on a record against jazz background.

-- and said it sharply, not as in the Patchen bit, but as an order -- so I stopped my hand and looked at him.

* 1911 – Kenneth Patchen, American poet and painter ( d. 1972 )