This approach was continued by Russell and Whitehead in their influential Principia Mathematica, first published 1910-1913, and with a revised second edition in 1927.

* Alfred North Whitehead and Bertrand Russell, Principia Mathematica to * 56, Cambridge at the University Press, 1962.

One of the most significant logicians of all time, Gödel made an immense impact upon scientific and philosophical thinking in the 20th century, a time when many, such as Bertrand Russell, A. N. Whitehead and David Hilbert, were pioneering the use of logic and set theory to understand the foundations of mathematics.

The principle was stated as a theorem of propositional logic by Russell and Whitehead in Principia Mathematica as:

The principle was stated as a theorem of propositional logic by Russell and Whitehead in Principia Mathematica as:

From the law of excluded middle, formula ✸ 2. 1 in Principia Mathematica, Whitehead and Russell derive some of the most powerful tools in the logician's argumentation toolkit.

The Principia Mathematica is a three-volume work on the foundations of mathematics, written by Alfred North Whitehead and Bertrand Russell and published in 1910, 1912, and 1913.

* Whitehead, Alfred North, and Bertrand Russell.

pt: Principia Mathematica de Whitehead e Russell

Alfred North Whitehead and Bertrand Russell attempted to complete, or at least greatly facilitate, this program with their seminal book Principia Mathematica, which purported to build a logically consistent set theory on which to found mathematics.

Russell and Whitehead attempted to solve these problems in Principia Mathematica by putting statements into a hierarchy of types, wherein a statement cannot refer to itself, but only to statements lower in the hierarchy.

* Alfred North Whitehead and Bertrand Russell ( 1910 – 1913, 1927 2nd edition reprinted 1962 ), Principia Mathematica to * 56, Cambridge at the University Press, London UK, no ISBN or US card catalog number.

Curry's interest in mathematical logic started during this period when he was introduced to the Principia Mathematica, the attempt by Alfred North Whitehead and Bertrand Russell to ground mathematics in symbolic logic.

Whitehead supervised the doctoral dissertations of Bertrand Russell and Willard Van Orman Quine, thus influencing logic and virtually all of analytic philosophy.

Elected a fellow of Trinity in 1884, Whitehead would teach and write mathematics at the college until 1910, spending the 1890s writing his Treatise on Universal Algebra ( 1898 ), and the 1900s collaborating with his former pupil, Russell, on the first edition of Principia Mathematica.

Although Whitehead visited his co-author in prison, he did not take his pacifism seriously, while Russell sneered at Whitehead's later speculative Platonism and panpsychism.

After the war, Russell and Whitehead seldom interacted, and Whitehead did not contribute to the 1925 second edition of Principia Mathematica.

Russell and Alfred North Whitehead wrote their three-volume Principia Mathematica ( PM ) hoping to achieve what Frege had been unable to do.

Frege abandoned his logicist program soon after this, but it was continued by Russell and Whitehead.

The analysis of logical concepts and the machinery of formalization that is essential to Principia Mathematica ( 3 vols., 1910 – 1913 ) ( by Bertrand Russell, 1872 – 1970, and Alfred North Whitehead, 1861 – 1947 ), to Russell's theory of descriptions, to Kurt Gödel's ( 1906 – 1978 ) incompleteness theorems, and to Alfred Tarski's ( 1901 – 1983 ) theory of truth, is ultimately due to Frege.

Such axiomatizations were most famously used by Russell and Whitehead in their mathematical treatise Principia Mathematica.

The Principia Mathematica by Alfred North Whitehead and Bertrand Russell quote it together with six other paradoxes concerning the problem of self-reference.

( A ) The version given in Principia Mathematica by Whitehead and Russell is similar to Richard's original version, alas not quite as exact.

During his stay at Yale, Whorf acquired this current of thought partly from Sapir and partly through his own readings of Russell and Ogden and Richards.

* Recent conservative political thought: American perspectives / Russell G.

Whereas Russell believed the names ( like x ) in his theory should refer to things we can know epistemically, Wittgenstein thought they should refer to the " objects " that make up his metaphysics.

Although his statements nominally responded to a point made by Russell, Bryan had thought of the argument the previous evening, and had not used it in earlier speeches.

Philosophers, mathematicians, and others ancient and modern such as Aristotle, Plato, Frege, Wittgenstein, Russell etc., have made a distinction between thought corresponding to reality, coherent abstractions, and that which cannot even be rationally thought.

During the mid-19th century Maluku travels of British naturalist Alfred Russell Wallace, Christians in Maluku were called " Orang Sirani " and were thought to have been descended from the Portuguese.

This fact is sometimes thought to have severe consequences for the program of logicism proposed by Gottlob Frege and Bertrand Russell, which aimed to define the natural numbers in terms of logic ( Hellman 1981, p. 451 – 468 ).

" In her autobiography, Life Is A Banquet, Russell wrote that she thought her role did not have as many good lines as Grant's, so she hired her own writer to " punch up " her dialogue.

Russell thought that the MITRE CASOFF demonstration system could do the job.

John Russell Taylor in 1980 thought it a mistake to link This Sporting Life with the ' kitchen sink ' films released in the preceding few years, because its " emotionalism " made it " unique ", apart from Anderson's other work:

Little thought went to students ’ feelings or self-esteem in regards to this constant correction ( Russell, 2009 ).

Her parents thought Russell was studying to become a teacher, and were unaware that she was planning on becoming a stage comedienne.

However, Clooney and others thought that Russell had violently thrown the extra to the ground.

Davison supported BBC presenter Jonathan Ross following The Russell Brand Show prank telephone calls row and criticised BBC director general Mark Thompson's decision to punish Ross, stating: " I thought Ross ’ s suspension, in particular, was utterly ludicrous.

Nipper was a dog born in 1884 who was thought to be a dog of the Jack Russell terrier type.

Many shareholders, knowing of our long association with Russell, sent their proxies to us to be cast for the one whom we thought best fitted for office.

) After Henry VIII met Anne of Cleves at Rochester, the next day he asked Russell if he thought her fair?

Russell, thought that Grant could coach even though nobody else did.

Philosophical logic is a term introduced by Bertrand Russell to represent his idea that the workings of natural language and thought can only be adequately represented by an artificial language ; essentially it was his formalization program for the natural language.

Fuller had angered fellow poet and critic James Russell Lowell when she reviewed his work, calling him " absolutely wanting in the true spirit and tone of poesy ... his verse is stereotyped, his thought sounds no depth ; and posterity will not remember him.

Bertrand Russell was notably pessimistic about creativity and thought that knowledge expanding faster than wisdom necessarily was fatal.

However, Russell himself thought highly of the vast majority of Meinong's work and, until formulating his theory of descriptions, held similar views about non-existent objects.

Carmarthen thought that it was advisable to fight ; as did Nottingham and Admiral Russell, who were unconvinced that the French were as strong as Torrington reported, and considered that only the admiral's pessimism, defeatism or treachery could account for his reports.