At first the movement grew most in the Russian empire and eastern Europe, but soon spread to western Europe and beyond: to Argentina in 1889 ; to Canada in 1901 ; to Algeria, Chile, Japan, Mexico, and Peru in 1903 ; to Tunisia in 1904 ; and to Australia, the United States, Guinea, Indochina, New Zealand, Tonkin, and Uruguay in 1905.

Finland was a part of the Russian Empire for 108 years, after being annexed from the Swedish empire.

As a consequence the Russian Tsar and his military leaders had attempted, since the 1870s, to unite their large, heterogeneous empire, described as a Russian multinational dynastic union.

The Russification of Finland and the crisis of governmental leadership in the country, following the 1899 imperial order, was the result of a collision between the ideologies of peripheral authority ( the Grand Duchy as a state of the Russian empire but a separate part of the Russian governmental system ) and central power ( an undivided Russia dominated by Saint Petersburg ).

His grandfather Franz Böhm ( 1788 – 1846 ) ( the violinist Joseph Böhm's brother ) was the well-known musician and the soloist in the Russian empire in an imperial orchestra.

For example, one key meeting location was in the U. S. at the Dakin Building, then owned by American philanthropist Henry Dakin, who had extensive Russian contacts: During the late 1980s, as glasnost and perestroika led to the liquidation of the Soviet empire, the Dakin building was the location for a series of groups facilitating United States-Russian contacts.

After partition of Lithuania in the late 18th century, it become a part of Russian empire.

On 3 August 1914, at the outbreak of World War I which pitted Austria-Hungary against the Russian empire, Trotsky was forced to flee Vienna for neutral Switzerland to avoid arrest as a Russian émigré.

In 1882, a wave of pogroms in the Russian empire motivated Zamenhof to take part in the early Zionist movement, the Hibbat Zion.

By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland in Europe to Alaska in North America.

The Ottoman Empire, Austrian Empire, Russian Empire, Qing Empire and the new Empire of Japan maintained themselves, often expanding or contracting at the expense of another empire.

* Dissolution of the German colonial empire, Austria-Hungary and the Russian Empire, reorganization of European states ' territorial boundaries, and the creation of several new European states and territorial entities: Austria, Czechoslovakia, Estonia, Finland, Free City of Danzig, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Saar, briefly the Ukraine, and Yugoslavia.

* The Ottomans give Russian merchants freedom of trade within the empire.

All Russian states had to submit to Mongol rule and became part of the Golden Horde empire ; some of it lasted until 1480.

The Ottoman empire defeated the Russian army in the Pruth River Campaign, but the peace treaty was in the end without great consequence to Russia's position.

He set forth reforming the country, turning the Russian tsardom into a modernized empire relying on trade and on a strong, professional army and navy.

Pope Leo XIII began his pontificate with a friendly letter to Tzar Alexander II, in which he reminded the Russian monarch of the millions of Catholics living in his empire, who would like to be good Russian subjects, provided their dignity is respected.

Following the Russian October Revolution, Bessarabia declared independence from the crumbling empire, before joining the Kingdom of Romania.

* in Russia, before the imperial unification from Muscovy ; sometimes even as vassal, tributary to a Tartar Khan ; later, in Peter the Great's autocratic empire, the russification gertsog was used as the Russian rendering of the German ducal title Herzog, especially as ( the last ) part of the full official style of the Russian Emperor: Gertsog Shlesvig-Golstinskiy, Stormarnskiy, Ditmarsenskiy i Oldenburgskiy i prochaya, i prochaya, i prochaya " Duke of Schleswig-Holstein above, Stormarn, Dithmarschen and Oldenburg, and of other lands ", in chief of German and Danish territories to which the Tsar was dynastically linked.

Disposal of waste by simply dumping it at the shoreline such as here at the Russian Bellingshausen Island | Bellingshausen base is no longer permitted by the Protocol on Environmental Protection

Russian icons | Russian icon by Fyodor Zubov, 1660.

President of Russia | Russian President Vladimir Putin addresses the Bundestag

The now-deceased Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia, Patriarch Alexius II | Alexius II, consecrating a Russian Orthodox diocesan bishop.

The Wedding of Nicholas II and Grand duke | Grand Duchess Alexandra Fyodorovna ( Alix of Hesse ) | Alexandra Feodorovna, by Ilya Repin | Ilya Yefimovich Repin, 1894 ( Russian Museum | Russian State Museum, Saint Petersburg | St. Petersburg ).

File: Bova1860. jpg | Prince Bova fights Polkan, Russian lubok ( 1860 )

Former Russian President Dmitry Medvedev and former Prime Minister of Denmark | Danish Prime Minister Lars Lokke Rasmussen hold a joint press conference, April 2010.

| Russian ruble

Russian icon | Russian icon of the Prophet Elijah, 18th century ( Iconostasis of Kizhi monastery, Karelia, Russia ).

Russian icon | Russian icon of the Prophet Ezekiel holding a scroll with his prophecy and pointing to the " closed gate " ( 18th century, Iconostasis of Kizhi monastery, Russia )

Workers demanded food and a complete shifting of legislative power from the Russian Provisional Government | Russian government to the Parliament of Finland | Finnish parliament.

Also, in the Ethiopian Army there was a small team of Russian advisers and volunteers of the officer the Kuban Cossack army N. S.

The Russian Cossack captain Nikolay Leontiev with team of volunteers of participated in the battle as an advisor to Menelik.

The Russian Terek Cossack Host was secretly established in Chechnya in 1577 by free Cossacks resettled from the Volga to the Terek River.

** Danube Cossack Host, an Imperial Russian Cossack Host formed from descendants of the Zaporozhian Cossacks

The Russian Empire recognized the ethnic difference between the two groups ; it called them both Kyrgyz to avoid confusion between the terms Kazakh and Cossack ( both names originating from Turkic " free man ".

Originally a Cossack born in Ust-Kamenogorsk, Russian Turkestan ( now Kazakhstan ) in a family of Cossack Chorąży and his wife of kazakh origin, Kornilov entered military school in Omsk in 1885 and went on to study at the Mikhailovsky Artillery School in St. Petersburg in 1889. in August 1892, he was assigned as a lieutenant to the Turkestan Military District, where he led several exploration missions in Eastern Turkestan, Afghanistan and Persia, learned several Central Asian languages, and wrote detailed reports about his observations.

In 2004, the Russian Cossack folk dance had nine concerts in Port of Spain, San Fernando, Couva, and Tobago

Adding to the chaos was a Ukrainian Cossack and peasant rebellion, the Koliyivschyna, which erupted in 1768 and resulted in massacres of noblemen ( szlachta ), Jews, Uniates, and Catholic priests before it was put down by Polish and Russian troops.

The Koryaks are the largest minority group with 8, 743 people among the larger mostly Russian Cossack colonizers.

Afterwards, the Treaty of Pereyaslav brought most of the Ukrainian Cossack state under Russian rule for the next 300 years.

By the 18th century, Cossack hosts in the Russian Empire served as buffer zones on her borders.

During the Russian Civil War, Cossack regions became centres for the Anti-Bolshevik White movement, a portion of whom would form the White emigration.

In the Russian Empire, the office of Cossack Hetman was abolished by Catherine II of Russia in 1764.

After some initial victories, intervention by Russia turned the tide and forced the Turks to conclude peace in 1681, effectively returning the Cossack lands to Russian rule with the exception of a few forts on the Dnieper and Southern Bug rivers.

The Russian history of Omsk can be said to begin with the 1584 arrival of a Cossack force under the command of Yermak, who defeated local rulers and established nominal Russian control of the area.

At this time most of the population was still Russian, but of Cossack descent.

Russian forces present at the battle included 180 infantry battalions, 164 cavalry squadrons, 20 Cossack regiments, and 55 artillery batteries ( 637 artillery pieces ).

According to the Russian history the Ukrainian forces, under the command of Cossack hetman Ivan Mazepa, had been in discussions with Charles for some time, and at this point he, Mazepa, officially allied himself to the Swedes in order to gain independence from Russia.

The Russian army occupied and destroyed the Zaporozhian Host with the help of Galagan, a former Cossack officer.

Lewenhaupt led the surviving Swedes and some of the Cossack forces to the Dnieper River, but was doggedly pursued by the Russian regular cavalry and 3, 000 Kalmyks and forced to surrender three days later at Perevolochna, on 1 July.