In fact, one of the major reasons for the failure of the ill-starred expedition appears to have been a lack of full information on the extent to which Cuba has been getting this Russian military equipment.

Somehow, the pictures and stories of Soviet T-34 tanks on Cuban beaches and Russian Mig jet fighters strafing rebel troops has brought home to all of us the stark, blunt truth of what it means to have a Russian military base 90 miles away from home.

Once the full extent of this Russian military penetration of Cuba was clear, President Kennedy announced we would take whatever action was appropriate to prevent this, even if we had to go it alone.

Also war-time propaganda and cooperation had `` obscured the differences between Russian and Western ideas of democracy '', and it seemed better to have them covered by verbal formulae than to imperil the military victories over Germany and Japan.

During the war, the Azeri armed forces were also aided by Turkish military advisers, and Russian, Ukrainian, Chechen and Afghan mercenaries.

Military action was heavily influenced by the Russian military, which inspired and manipulated the rivalry between the two neighbouring nations in order to keep both under control.

* 2000 – The Oscar class submarine K-141 Kursk of the Russian Navy explodes and sinks in the Barents Sea during a military exercise.

This oath however did not alleviate concerns regarding loyalty to Russia in time of crisis, especially since nearly 50 % of all military personnel were ethnically Russian at the end of 1992.

But Bulgaria, by making the acceptance of Russian arbitration conditional, in effect denied any discussion and caused Russia to repudiate its alliance with Bulgaria ( see Russo-Bulgarian military convention signed 31 May 1902 ).

The Russian mission was a military mission conceived as a medical support for the Ethiopian troops.

* 1761 – Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly, Russian military commander ( d. 1818 )

The incident catalyses more concerted Russian military intervention on behalf of Abkhazia.

Similarly, it was presented to various government officials, military and diplomatic, in the United States and in Europe ( 1919 – 1920 ), in opposition to the Russian Revolution, and to influence the terms of the peace settlement which resulted in the Treaty of Versailles.

Both the Russian and German empires had political, economic and military interests in the Finnish region.

By that time the military and strategic situation of Russia had become more difficult due of the rise of Germany and Japan, and Russian central administration and the idea of Pan-Slavism had grown in Saint Petersburg.

As a consequence the Russian Tsar and his military leaders had attempted, since the 1870s, to unite their large, heterogeneous empire, described as a Russian multinational dynastic union.

The immediate reason for the collapse of the Russian Empire was a domestic crisis precipitated by military defeats in the war against Germany and by war-weariness among the Russian people.

The Government still had the support of the Russian military in Finland.

In foreign policy, the Vaasa Senate leaned on the German Empire for military and political aid, in order to defeat the Finnish Red Guards, end the influence of Bolshevist Russia in Finland, and expand Finnish territory to Russian Karelia.

Ethiopia's military victory over Italy, obtained also with Russian support, secured it the distinction of being the only African nation to successfully resist European colonialism during the Scramble for Africa.

Russian military experts advising Menelik II suggested a full contact battle with Italians, to neutralize the Italian fire superiority, instead of engaging in a campaign of harassment designed to nullify problems with arms, training, and organization.

The Russian GLObal NAvigation Satellite System ( GLONASS ) was in use by only the Russian military, until it was made fully available to civilians in 2007.

The Russian chemist and science historian Lev Chugaev has characterized him as " a chemist of genius, first-class physicist, a fruitful researcher in the fields of hydrodynamics, meteorology, geology, certain branches of chemical technology ( explosives, petroleum, and fuels, for example ) and other disciplines adjacent to chemistry and physics, a thorough expert of chemical industry and industry in general, and an original thinker in the field of economy.

* Boris Lyapunov ( 1862 – 1943 ), Russian expert in Slavic studies

He was an expert in spacecraft, especially Russian ones and worked as a translator from Russian during Juriy Gagarin visit to Sweden.

He was also a prominent expert on naval mines and a member of the Russian Geographical Society.

According to N. F. Bugai, the leading Russian expert on deportations, 4. 9 % of the Kalmuk population died during the first three months of 1944 ; 1. 5 % in the first three months of 1945 ; and 0. 7 % in the same period of 1946.

The inscription was studied by Russian expert Yevgeni Pakhomov, who assumed that the associated campaign was launched to control the Derbent Gate and that the XII Fulminata has marched out either from Melitene, its permanent base, or Armenia, where it might have moved from before.

There was some dispute over the copyright claims by the newspapers, as the defendants experts argued that these only held a copyright on their publication " as a whole " but not on individual articles, but the district judge agreed with the plaintiffs ' expert who interpreted the relevant paragraphs of the Russian law as giving rise to " parallel exclusive rights in both the newspaper publisher and the reporter ", similar to co-authorship.

" I probably was one of the last people who saw the Amber Room ", said Leonid Arinshtein, a literature expert with the nongovernmental Russian Culture Foundation, who was a Red Army lieutenant in charge of a rifle platoon in Königsberg in 1945.

Professor Epstein is also an expert on Russian philosophers of the 19th and 20th century as well as Soviet era philosophers like Nikolai Berdyaev .< ref >

She was featured in Marked for Death ( 1990 ) as an expert on Jamaican voodoo and gangs ; in the Italian erotic thriller Husbands and Lovers ( 1992 ) as a free spirited adultress ( which featured a rather controversial bare-bottom spanking scene, a first in a mainstream film ); Tombstone ( 1993 ) as Doc Holliday's lover, Kate ( also known as Big Nose Kate and Mary Catherine Haroney, born November 7, 1850 ); in The Haunted Sea ( 1997 ); and in the film Virus ( 1999 ), playing a Russian scientist.

* Alexei Markov ( folklorist ) ( 1877 – 1917 ), Russian expert in folklore

A Russian foreign policy expert at London's Chatham House, has described himself as " a tough, reliable, extremely sophisticated negotiator ", but adds that " he's not part of Putin's inner sanctum " and that the toughening of Russian foreign policy has got very little to do with him.

He was regarded as an expert on Russian affairs and wrote a book on Russian industry.

Bohumil Mathesius ( July 14, 1888 – June 2, 1952 ) was a Czech poet, translator, publicist and literary scientist – expert on Russian literature.

* Valentin Pavlov, amnesty of the Russian State Duma of 1994 ( financial expert for several banks and other financial institutions, chairman of Free Economic Society )

In the post-war period, he returned to America and resumed his earlier studies on the subject of the Russian Germans, making expert contributions to the Association of Germans from Russia ( the Landsmannschaft der Deutschen aus Russland, which might be literally translated as the " Cultural Association of Germans from Russia ") until his death in Bonn on June 16, 1982.

The director of photography, Yuri Neyman, a Russian émigré, was also the film's special effects expert.

On 15 June 2009, the working group chaired by the Director of the Serbsky Center Tatyana Dmitrieva sent the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation a joint application whose purport was to declare appealing against the forensic expert reports of state expert institutions illegal and prohibit courts from receiving lawsuits filed to appeal against the reports.

The draft of the application to the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation was considered in the paper " Current legal issues relevant to forensic-psychiatric expert evaluation " by Elena Shchukina and Sergei Shishkov focusing on the inadmissibility of appealing against an expert report without regard for the scope of evaluated case.