ECHELON is a name used in global media and in popular culture to describe a signals intelligence ( SIGINT ) collection and analysis network operated on behalf of the five signatory states to the UK – USA Security Agreement ( Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States, referred to by a number of abbreviations, including AUSCANNZUKUS and Five Eyes ).

The Government Communications Headquarters ( GCHQ ) is a British intelligence agency responsible for providing signals intelligence ( SIGINT ) and information assurance to the UK government and armed forces.

Signals intelligence ( often contracted to SIGINT ) is intelligence-gathering by interception of signals, whether between people (" communications intelligence "— COMINT ), whether involving electronic signals not directly used in communication (" electronic intelligence "— ELINT ), or combinations of the two.

Defence Signals Directorate ( DSD ) is an Australian government intelligence agency responsible for signals intelligence ( SIGINT ) and information security ( INFOSEC ).

Electronic Support data can be used to produce signals intelligence ( SIGINT ), communications intelligence ( COMINT ) and electronics intelligence ( ELINT ).

Hanyok included his study of Tonkin Gulf as one chapter of an overall history of the involvement of NSA, and American signals intelligence ( SIGINT ), in the Indochina Wars.

" In Saigon, Ambassador Graham Martin refused to believe the SIGINT ( signals intelligence ) reporting that detailed the massive North Vietnamese military buildup taking place all around ( Saigon ) ... and repeatedly refused to allow NSA's station chief, Tom Glenn, to evacuate his forty-three man staff and their twenty-two dependents from Saigon.

An overlapping discipline, signals intelligence ( SIGINT ) is the related process of analyzing and identifying the intercepted frequencies ( e. g. as a mobile phone or RADAR ).

Administered under the Department of National Defence ( DND ), it is charged with the duty of keeping track of foreign signals intelligence ( SIGINT ), and protecting Canadian government electronic information and communication networks.

The GRU operated residencies all over the world, along with the SIGINT ( signals intelligence ) station in Lourdes, Cuba, and throughout the former Soviet bloc countries, especially in Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia.

It also maintains significant signals intelligence ( SIGINT ) and imagery reconnaissance ( IMINT ) and satellite imagery capabilities.

( SIGINT = signals intelligence ; IMINT

Aubrey was a journalist for Time Out, John Berry was a former corporal in signals intelligence ( SIGINT ), and Duncan Campbell was an investigative journalist.

The book outlined the history of the first U. S. Signals Intelligence ( SIGINT ) organization, described the activities of MI-8 during World War I and the American Black Chamber in the 1920s, and illustrated the basic principles of signals security.

William F. Friedman, considered the father of modern American signals intelligence ( SIGINT ) gathering, was incensed by the book and the publicity it generated in part because sources and methods were compromised and because Yardley's contribution was overstated.

While traditional IMINT and SIGINT are not considered to be MASINT efforts, images and signals from other intelligence-gathering processes can be further examined through the MASINT discipline, such as determining the depth of buried assets in imagery gathered through the IMINT process.

On May 17, 2006, NavySEALs. com and MediaChannel. org published an exclusive interview with Miller in which she detailed how the attack on the Cole spurred her reporting on Al Qaeda and led her, in July 2001, to a still-anonymous top-level White House source, who shared top-secret NSA signals intelligence ( SIGINT ) concerning an even bigger impending Al Qaeda attack, perhaps to be visited on the continental United States.

* Communications intelligence ( COMINT ): Eavesdropping and interception of communications ( e. g., by wiretapping ) including signals intelligence ( SIGINT ) and electronic intelligence ( ELINT ).

The New Zealand Government Communications Security Bureau operates what it describes as a radio communications intereception facility in the area ; it is generally believed to be a signals intelligence, or SIGINT facility operating under umbrella of the ECHELON espionage network, under the auspices the UKUSA consortium of intelligent agencies.

More sophisticated techniques such as phased arrays are generally used for highly accurate direction finding systems called goniometers such as are used in signals intelligence ( SIGINT ).

As a result, when Bucher screened for command, he was slated for command of an auxiliary surface vessel outfitted for communications and signals intelligence ( COMINT / SIGINT ) collection, in this case, USS Pueblo ( AGER-2 ).

For several weeks prior Australian signals intelligence ( SIGINT ) had tracked a radio transmitter moving south to a position just north of Long Tan ; however, aggressive patrolling failed to find the unit.

For several weeks prior Australian signals intelligence ( SIGINT ) had tracked a radio transmitter from the headquarters of the Viet Cong 275th Regiment moving south to a position just north of Long Tan using radio direction finding ; however, aggressive patrolling failed to find the unit.

* Targets in depth may also be ' acquired ' by intelligence processes using various sources and agencies such as HUMINT, SIGINT, ELINT and IMINT.

Because of Martin's refusal to believe the SIGINT, and his refusal to allow the evacuation of the intelligence staff from the embassy, "( t ) he North Vietnamese captured the entire twenty-seven-hundred-man ( South Vietnamese SIGINT ) organization as well as their equipment.

HUMINT, a syllabic abbreviation of the words HUMan INTelligence, refers to intelligence gathering by means of interpersonal contact, as opposed to the more technical intelligence gathering disciplines such as SIGINT, IMINT and MASINT.

* Communications intelligence, a subset of SIGINT

Electronic and signal gathering intelligence, ELINT and SIGINT, proves largely ineffective against low intensity opponents.

An Abwehr SIGINT Operation during the same conflict was titled Operation Bodden after the strait separating Rügen from the German mainland.

Sometime in 1945, the existence of the Venona program was revealed to the Soviet Union by the NKVD agent and United States Army SIGINT analyst and cryptologist Bill Weisband.

During the Cold War, CSEC was primarily responsible for providing SIGINT data to the Department of National Defence regarding the military operations of the Soviet Union.

The trial before Mr Justice Thesiger, which was already controversial, achieved greater notoriety when the Government attempted to introduce testimony from three anonymous SIGINT officers, who were successively referred to as Colonel A, Colonel B, and Mr. C.

The office was established to bring together scientists from the DS & T ’ s Office of SIGINT Operations, who designed such systems, with operators from the Directorate of Operations, who were responsible for transporting the devices to their clandestine locations and installing them.

He was a speaker and writer on the subject of signal intelligence ( SIGINT ) and its role in World War II.

Until 2008 it was the site of a ground station of the Dutch Nationale SIGINT Organisatie ( National Signals Intelligence Service ), which intercepted satellite communications much like the U. S. National Security Agency.

In 1950 the site was subleased to the United States Air Force serving as the base of the 6940th radio Squadron, responsible for continued communications and SIGINT operation through the Cold War.

Yet due to its classified nature, the existence of a SIGINT capability was a closely guarded secret, with knowledge of the source of such intelligence limited to Jackson, his two intelligence officers, and the 1 ATF operations officer.

The magnitude of the battle and its proximity to Nui Dat shocked the Australians, and later it was suggested by some that Jackson had either suspected that a Viet Cong regiment was nearby or that after being presented with SIGINT from 547 Troop which suggested its presence he had refused to accept it.

This department was a short-lived organization designed to collect and process Signals Intelligence, or SIGINT.

Danesfield House was to IMINT, what Bletchley Park was to Signals Intelligence ( SIGINT ).

After serving his National Service in the RAF ( where he learned Russian at the Joint Services School for Linguists, and was engaged in SIGINT ), Walter studied history at Exeter College, Oxford, 1954-1957, afterwards becoming a journalist.

In the late 1980s, the Soviet fisheries fleet was known for having equipped many of their thousands of ships with sophisticated SIGINT and ELINT equipment, thus functioning as auxiliary spy ships tracking western naval vessels and electronic communications ( though their main function remained commercial fishing ).