* also substantively, the title was granted by popes and secular monarchs to specific individuals and to the heads of some high-ranking European families who, however, never exercised dynastic sovereignty and whose cadets are not entitled to share the princely title, e. g. de Beauvau-Craon, Colonna, von Bismarck, von Dohna-Schlobitten, von Eulenburg, de Faucigny-Lucinge, von Lichnowsky, von Pless, Ruffo di Calabria, ( de Talleyrand ) von Sagan, van Ursel, etc.

The idea was also expounded by Carl Sagan, though this may have postdated Adams ' creation of the character of Ford.

Carl Sagan, in his book Pale Blue Dot, expressed concerns about deflection technology: that any method capable of deflecting impactors away from Earth could also be abused to divert non-threatening bodies toward the planet.

Most notably, Paul Sagan, a former president of Time Inc. New Media who founded the Road Runner cable modem service and who also helped launch NY1 News, became chief operating officer and eventually president of Akamai Technologies.

A 1958 paper titled Cosmic Radiation and Lunar Radioactivity, credited to I. Filosofo, was also named by Sagan in a 1961 paper written for the United States National Research Council.

The rare earth hypothesis is the contrary of the widely accepted principle of mediocrity ( also called the Copernican principle ), advocated by Carl Sagan and Frank Drake, among others.

In addition to literary criticism, Joshi has also edited books on atheism and social relations, including Documents of American Prejudice ( 1999 ), an annotated collection of American racist writings ; In Her Place ( 2006 ), which collects written examples of prejudice against women ; and Atheism: A Reader ( 2000 ), which collects atheistic writings by such people as Antony Flew, George Eliot, Bertrand Russell, Emma Goldman, Gore Vidal and Carl Sagan, among others.

The series was also inspirational for many scientists in the fields of space exploration and the search for extraterrestrial life, including Carl Sagan, who read A Princess of Mars when he was a child.

Mädchen in Uniform ( literally Girls in Uniform ) is a 1931 German feature-length film based on the play Gestern und heute by Christa Winsloe and directed by Leontine Sagan with artistic direction from Carl Froelich, who also funded the film.

Grinspoon also appeared in the Canadian documentary The Union: The Business Behind Getting High and discussed the pharmaceutical characteristics of marinol, as well as his writing experiences with Carl Sagan.

) The Magellan will also assist in terraforming the colonists new planet, Sagan Two.

Capildeo was also an important leader of the Hindu community in Trinidad and played in role in the foundation of the Sanatan Dharma Maha Sabha along with Bhadase Sagan Maraj.

He was also a friend of and collaborator with American astronomer Carl Sagan.

Konso ( also known as Karati ) is a town on the Sagan River in southwestern Ethiopia.

He is also known as Le Marquis de Talleyrand Périgord, Duc de Sagan.

Joan's sister was Lynn Margulis, making Carl Sagan his former brother-in-law.

In 2010 Robert Zubrin was featured in the Symphony of Science video " The Case for Mars " along with Carl Sagan, Brian Cox, and Penelope Boston.

Other research, pursued within the Carl Sagan Center for the Study of Life in the Universe, includes the discovery of extrasolar planets, potentials for life on Mars and other bodies within the Solar System, and the habitability of the galaxy ( including the study of extremophiles ).

Along with Carl Sagan and Steven Soter, Druyan was one of the three writers of the TV series COSMOS and a producer for the motion picture CONTACT.

Sagan is known for his popular science books and for the award-winning 1980 television series Cosmos: A Personal Voyage, which he narrated and co-wrote.

Sagan wrote the novel Contact, the basis for a 1997 film of the same name.

From 1972 to 1981, Sagan was the Associate Director of the Center for Radio Physics and Space Research at Cornell.

According to this argument, made by scientists such as Carl Sagan and Stephen Hawking, it would be improbable for life not to exist somewhere other than Earth.

Scientist Carl Sagan, for example, a strong supporter of the Galileo mission, said in 1989 that " there is nothing absurd about either side of this argument.

The original work by Sagan and others was criticized as a " myth " and " discredited theory " in the 1987 book Nuclear War Survival Skills, a civil defense manual by Cresson Kearny for the Oak Ridge National Laboratory.

As a consequence of this Altfed and Cimbala have argued that belief in Nuclear Winter has made Nuclear Warfare more plausible and not less, contrary to what Carl Sagan and others have argued, for Nuclear Winter inspired the technological imperative toward improved accuracy and weaponry.

Carl Sagan referred to examples apparently from Stevenson's investigations in his book The Demon-Haunted World as an example of carefully collected empirical data, though he rejected reincarnation as a parsimonious explanation for the stories.

In 1980, Carl Sagan, Bruce Murray, and Louis Friedman founded the U. S. Planetary Society, partly as a vehicle for SETI studies.

In 1978, the NASA SETI program was heavily criticized by Senator William Proxmire, and funding for SETI research was removed from the NASA budget by Congress in 1981, however, funding was restored in 1982, after Carl Sagan talked with Proxmire and convinced him of the program's value.

In the SETI context, the name has been used for radio telescopes in fiction ( Arthur C. Clarke, " Imperial Earth "; Carl Sagan, " Contact "), was the name initially used for the NASA study ultimately known as " Cyclops ," and is the name given to an omnidirectional radio telescope design being developed at the Ohio State University.

He is best known for his Academy Award-winning score for the film Chariots of Fire, composing scores for the films Blade Runner, 1492: Conquest of Paradise and Alexander, and the use of his music in the PBS documentary Cosmos: A Personal Voyage by Carl Sagan.

On October 22, 2006, NASA opened the Carl Sagan Center for the Study of Life in the Cosmos.

The center will continue the work that Carl Sagan undertook during his lifetime, including the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence.

He is one of the pioneers of the modern field of the search for extraterrestrial intelligence with Giuseppe Cocconi, Philip Morrison, Iosif Shklovsky, and Carl Sagan.

He is currently involved in " The Carl Sagan Center for the Study of life in the Universe ".

It included an Introduction by Carl Sagan that tells the following story: Sagan was in London for a scientific conference in 1974, and between sessions he wandered into a different room, where a larger meeting was taking place.

Proponents of this view include Stephen Oppenheimer in his book Out of Eden, and John Skoyles and Dorion Sagan in their book Up from Dragons: The evolution of human intelligence.

Carl Sagan hypothesized that as a survival technique, human beings are " hard-wired " from birth to identify the human face.

Carl Sagan in The Demon-Haunted World says that he was " lucky enough " to have studied under Hutchins, " where science was presented as an integral part of the gorgeous tapestry of human knowledge.

* Sagan's rationale for human spaceflight Article about Carl Sagan and human spaceflight

The term was used as early as 1973, when scientist Carl Sagan described it and other human chauvinisms that limit imagination of possible extraterrestrial life.

* Skoyles, John R. and Sagan, Dorion ( 2002 ) Up from Dragons: The evolution of human intelligence McGraw-Hill, New York, ISBN 0-07-137825-1

According to writer Nick Sagan, the original concept for " In The Flesh " had the Voyager crew discovering a picture of Species 8472 in an ancient Earth culture, leading them to discover that some human legends of demons and devils grew out of early contact with Species 8472.