Within a few years, Emperor Manuel died as well, and Saladin remained the only strong leader in the east.

Gaining widespread recognition, he was appointed court physician to the Grand Vizier Al Qadi al Fadil, then to Sultan Saladin, after whose death he remained a physician to the royal family.

William remained in the kingdom and continued to write up until 1184, but by then Jerusalem was internally divided by political factions and externally surrounded by the forces of Saladin, and " the only subjects that present themselves are the disasters of a sorrowing country and its manifold misfortunes, themes which can serve only to draw forth lamentations and tears.

< http :// www. mtolives. com / sites / chapel-of-the-ascension. html Chapel of the Ascension ></ ref > The site was ultimately acquired by two emissaries of Saladin in the year 1198 and has remained in the possession of the Islamic Waqf of Jerusalem ever since.

Guy was imprisoned in Damascus, while Sibylla together with Balian of Ibelin remained behind to defend Jerusalem, which was handed over to Saladin on 2 October.

On July 2, Saladin, who wanted to lure Guy into moving his army away from the springs at Saffuriya, personally led a siege of Raymond's fortress of Tiberias while the main Muslim army remained at Kafr Sabt.

Annexed to the Ummayad Caliphate after the Battle of Yarmouk, it came under brief crusader rule as Zakkanin until retaken by Saladin and the Ayyubid Dynasty following the Battle of Hattin where it remained in Muslim hands under the Mamluks, Dhaher al-Omar, and the Ottomans, until Ottoman Syria was occupied by the British Empire after World War I.

In 1099 Jerusalem was captured by the Western Christian army of the First Crusade and remained in their hands until recaptured by the Arab Muslims led by Saladin, on October 2, 1187.

Al-Damun was captured by the Crusaders, who referred to it as " Damar " during their invasion of Levant in 1099, and remained in their hands unlike most of Palestine which was conquered by the Ayyubids under Saladin in 1187.

When Saladin invaded Antiochene territory, Leo remained carefully neutral.

Her own principality of Oultrejordain and its castles were lost to Saladin within a few years of Hattin, and, located so far from the Mediterranean coast where the remaining crusader strongholds were located, remained in Muslim hands.

The Arabic chronicle of Baha ad-Din ibn Shaddad briefly mentions Saladin's expedition but does not refer specifically to Cresson ; according to him the advance guard remained in the Hawran while Saladin was in Damascus.

Toron remained in Crusader possession until 1187 when it fell to the forces of Saladin after the Battle of Hattin when Saladin all but destroyed the Crusader states.

The Crusaders later took Tyre and Acre as well, and remained in Jerusalem until the arrival of Saladin decades later.

Al-Afdal also introduced tax ( iqta ) reform in Egypt, which remained in place until Saladin took over Egypt.

The vehicle remained in service after the end of the war until replaced by the Alvis Saladin.

The château and vineyards remained in the Siegler family until, in the spring of 1973, a local farmer and vintner Jean Saladin bought most of the vineyards for his son Gérard Saladin.

It was conquered by Saladin in 1187 and remained in Muslim hands until 1197.

As the first Sultan of Egypt, Saladin established the Ayyubid dynasty, based in Cairo, and aligned Egypt with the Abbasids, who were based in Baghdad.

During his reign, Saladin also constructed the Cairo Citadel, which served as the seat of the Egyptian government until the mid-19th century.

By August 23, Saladin had decisively quelled the uprising, and never again had to face a military challenge from Cairo.

On September 25, Saladin left Cairo to take part in a joint attack on Kerak and Montreal, the desert castles of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, with Nur ad-Din who would attack from Syria.

The Ayyubid dynasty held a council upon the revelation of his preparations to discuss the possible threat and Saladin collected his own troops outside Cairo.

Ibn Jubayr a famous traveler from Al-Andalus is known to have met Saladin in Cairo after the abdication of the Fatimid s.

Leaving Farrukh-Shah in charge of Syria, Saladin returned to Cairo at the beginning of 1181.

On May 11, 1182, Saladin along with half of the Egyptian Ayyubid army and numerous non-combatants left Cairo for Syria.

Sculpture of Saladin in Cairo

Saladin first fortified the Citadel of Cairo ( 1175 – 1183 ), which had been a domed pleasure pavilion with a fine view in more peaceful times.

* Nur ad-Din Zangi invades Egypt, and names his nephew Saladin sultan as well as vizier of Cairo.

Later in 1186 Raynald attacked a large Muslim caravan travelling between Cairo and Damascus, breaking the 4 year truce between Saladin and the Crusaders signed in 1185.

Saladin consolidated his control in Egypt after ordering Turan-Shah to put down a revolt in Cairo staged by the Fatimid army's 50, 000-strong Nubian regiments.

After this success, Saladin began granting his family members high-ranking positions in the country and increased Sunni influence in Cairo by ordering the construction of a college for the Maliki branch of Sunni Islam in the city, as well as one for the Shafi ' i denomination to which he belonged in al-Fustat.

When Saladin was proclaimed sultan in Cairo in 1171, he chose the Fatimid-built Lesser Western Palace ( part of a larger palace complex in Cairo isolated from the urban sprawl ) as the seat of government.

Saladin himself resided in the former Fatimid vizier palace, Turan-Shah took up a former Fatimid prince's living quarter, and their father occupied the Pearl Pavilion which was situated outside of Cairo overlooking the city's canal.

Saladin built and maintained two hospitals in Cairo emulating the well-known Nuri Hospital in Damascus which not only treated patients, but also provided medical schooling.

The most radical change Saladin implemented in Egypt was the enclosure of Cairo and al-Fustat within one city wall.

He also constructed, on commission of pope Clement VII, the very deep ( 53 m ) and ingenious Pozzo di San Patrizio at Orvieto, formed with a double spiral staircase, like the Well of Saladin in the citadel of Cairo.

Saladin later attempted to unite Cairo and Fustat into one city by enclosing them in massive walls, although this proved to be largely unsuccessful.

The symbol of an eagle was found on the west wall of the Cairo Citadel ( constructed by Saladin ), and so is assumed by many to be his personal symbol.

The district Kotama " El-Hai Kotamiyine " in Cairo and the Maghreb area of ​​" Al-Harat Maghariba " in Damascus, still testify to the influence of this tribe whose members were, during different periods, being repressed by the Abbasids and their allies, including Egypt Saladin, who will make the Abbasids in 1171.

Of Cairo, Ibn Jubayr notes, are the colleges and hostels erected for students and pious men of other lands by the Sultan Saladin.