* Photonic Sampling, using the high accuracy of lasers over electronic clocks to decrease the sampling error in electronic ADCs

Sampling bias is systematic error due to a non-random sample of a population, causing some members of the population to be less likely to be included than others, resulting in a biased sample, defined as a statistical sample of a population ( or non-human factors ) in which all participants are not equally balanced or objectively represented.

* Sampling error

Sampling error can be measured and quoted in many different ways, but in practice the reported error itself is almost always an estimate of the real error rather than an absolute measure of the error ( which would usually require analyzing the entire population ).

Sampling error also refers more broadly to this phenomenon of random sampling variation.

Sampling error always refers to the recognized limitations of any supposedly representative sample population in reflecting the larger totality, and the error refers only to the discrepancy that may result from judging the whole on the basis of a much smaller number.

This sufficient condition can be weakened, as discussed at Sampling of non-baseband signals below.

Sampling the oxygen concentration in the pulmonary artery is a highly invasive procedure, but fortunately another similar gas can be used instead that obviates this need.

Sampling can be done for functions varying in space, time, or any other dimension, and similar results are obtained in two or more dimensions.

Sampling of water for physical or chemical testing can be done by several methods, depending on the accuracy needed and the characteristics of the contaminant.

* Sampling: Sampling with a kernel can be considered a one-form, where the one-form is the kernel shifted to the appropriate location.

Sampling of plants or animals that do not move much ( such as snails ), can be done using a sampling square called a quadrat.

Sampling of cumulus cells can be performed in addition to a sampling of polar bodies or cells from the embryo.

Sampling rate was not fixed by hardware means, and theoretically Covox can support any sampling rate.

* The Sampling Effect The sampling effect of diversity can be thought of as having a greater chance of including a species of greatest inherent productivity in a plot that is more diverse.

Sampling frequencies of 96 kHz or 192 kHz can be used on some newer equipment, with the higher value equating to 6. 144 megabit per second for two channels at 16-bit per sample value.

Sampling the integral for a point can be done by solely gathering from the surface, or by solely shooting rays from light sources.

* Sampling ( audit ), application of audit procedures to less than 100 % of population to be audited

Sampling the waveform at higher frequencies and allowing for a greater number of bits per sample allows noise and distortion to be reduced further.

Sampling methods may be either ' random ' ( random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified sampling, cluster sampling ) or non-random / nonprobability ( convenience sampling, purposive sampling, snowball sampling ).

Sampling areas were stratified by environmental variables likely to be conducive to pathogen growth and by proximity to possible points of inoculum introduction such as nurseries.

Sampling thick glaciers and ice sheets to obtain ice cores is related but will not be described further here.

Sampling was deemed to not be a fair use, because the " samples " were in fact permanent and complete copies of the desired media.

Sampling always refers to a procedure of gathering data from a small aggregation of individuals that is purportedly representative of a larger grouping which must in principle be capable of being measured as a totality.

Sampling risk is the risk the auditor ’ s conclusion may be different from the conclusion that would be not be reached

The Global Ocean Sampling Expedition ( GOS ) is an ocean exploration genome project with the goal of assessing the genetic diversity in marine microbial communities and to understand their role in nature's fundamental processes.

< gallery caption =" Sampling of maze types, also available in a printable view and with a solution key.

Sampling with the DISC Drill will begin over the 2007 season and researchers and scientists expect that these new ice cores will provide data to establish a greenhouse gas record back over 40, 000 years.

Sampling continued to figure heavily in FLA's sound, though its usage had evolved somewhat-not only were FLA taking from film ( RoboCop 2 and Exorcist III, for instance ) but also from other musical recordings-" Bio-Mechanic " opens with a sample from New Order's " Cries and Whispers ".

K2500S-76 note semi-weighted keyboard with Sampling ;

K2500XS-88 note weighted action keyboard with Sampling ;

K2500AES-Audio Elite System, Limited Release ( 6 Units ) 88 note weighted action keyboard with Sampling, KDFX, all available upgrade options, and an extensive sample library ( retail cost, $ 20, 000. 00 ).

K2500RS-rack-mounted version with Sampling.

Snowball Sampling is a method used to obtain research and knowledge, from extended associations, through previous acquaintances, “ Snowball sampling uses recommendations to find people with the specific range of skills that has been determined as being useful .” An individual or a group receives information from different places through a mutual intermediary.

Adsorption Method for Sampling of Dioxins and Furans ( AMESA ) is an automatic system for continuous monitoring of emissions of dioxins and furans from industrial processes which require official approval in compliance with environmental regulations.

** Systematic Sampling – involves selecting sampling units using a fixed interval between selections with the first interval having a random start.

** AC ' 97 Stereo Codec with DMA-Sound Output and Sampling Input

# Modern surfaces: Sampling modern surfaces for use with archeobotanical data may be used to create a reference collection, if the taxa being sampled are known.

By 1972 George Kasey established " Media Free Times-periodical Multimedia Random Sampling of Anarchic Communications Art " a prototype for remote learning with the use of " multi-media periodicals ," that are now commonly referred to as " web pages ".

* Sampling Importance Resampling ( SIR ) filters ( Particle filter / weighted Bootstrap ; with general and Kalman implementations )

Groups such as Vocal Sampling and Undivided emulate Latin rhythms a cappella.

Sampling is usually carried out in two stages, discretization and quantization.

Illustration of using Dirac comb functions and the convolution theorem to model the effects of Sampling ( signal processing ) | sampling and / or periodic summation.

Sampling, as found in hip hop music, was later incorporated.

( see Sampling the DTFT ) In most cases of practical interest, the s sequence represents a longer sequence that was truncated by the application of a finite-length window function or FIR filter array.

Sampling bias is mostly classified as a subtype of selection bias, sometimes specifically termed sample selection bias, but some classify it as a separate type of bias.

* Reject Inference for removing Sampling Bias.

Common methods of conducting a probability sample of the household population in the United States are Area Probability Sampling, Random Digit Dial telephone sampling, and more recently Address-Based Sampling.

* Kish, L. ( 1965 ), Survey Sampling, Wiley.

** Sampling assumptions.

( See GAO Report — Perchlorate: A System to Track Sampling and Cleanup Results is Needed — Report to the Chairman, Dr. Adam Dierkers, Subcommittee on Environment and Hazardous Materials, Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives — May 2005 ).

Sampling results in a sequence of numbers, called samples, to represent the original signal.

* A. W. Hofmann, Sampling mantle heterogeneity through oceanic basalts: isotopes and trace elements.

* Sampling ( medicine ), gathering of matter from the body to aid in the process of a medical diagnosis and / or evaluation of an indication for treatment, further medical tests or other procedures.

* Sampling ( for testing or analysis ), taking a representative portion of a material or product to test ( e. g. by physical measurements, chemical analysis, microbiological examination ), typically for the purposes of identification, quality control, or regulatory assessment

Sampling a polynomial of degree k − 1 at more than k points creates an overdetermined system, and allows recovery of the polynomial at the receiver given any k out of n sample points using ( Lagrange ) interpolation.

# Sampling from the entire probability density function by actually considering each possible outcome of it at each location.