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Sancho II (), nicknamed " the Pious " () and " the Caped " or " the Capuched " ( Portuguese: o Capelo ), King of Portugal ( 8 September 1209, Coimbra – 4 January 1248, Toledo ), was the eldest son of Afonso II of Portugal by his wife, Infanta Urraca of Castile.
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Sancho and II
He was the second son of King Afonso II of Portugal and his wife, Urraca of Castile ; he succeeded his brother, King Sancho II of Portugal, who was removed from the throne on 4 January 1248.
As the second son of King Afonso II of Portugal, Afonso was not expected to inherit the throne, which was destined to go to his elder brother Sancho.
Pope Innocent IV then ordered Sancho II to be removed from the throne and be replaced by the Count of Boulogne.
** Sancho II ( 1223 – 1247 )
El Cid entered al-Mutamin's service and successfully defended Zaragoza against the assaults of al-Mundhir, Sancho I of Aragón, and Ramón Berenguer II, whom he held captive briefly in 1082.
* 1212 – Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa: after Pope Innocent III calls European knights to a crusade, forces of Kings Alfonso VIII of Castile, Sancho VII of Navarre, Peter II of Aragon and Afonso II of Portugal defeat those of the Berber Muslim leader Almohad, thus marking a significant turning point in the Reconquista and in the medieval history of Spain.
Innocent IV was responsible for the eventual deposition of King Sancho II of Portugal at the request of his brother Afonso ( later King Afonso III of Portugal ).
One of the arguments he used against Sancho II in his Grandi non immerito text was his status as a minor upon inheriting the throne from his father Afonso II.
His son Sancho II of Castile wanted to reunite the kingdom of his father and attacked his brothers, with a young noble at his side: Rodrigo Díaz ( later known as El Cid Campeador ).
Meanwhile, Navarre lost all importance under King Sancho IV, for he lost Rioja to Sancho II of Castile, and nearly became the vassal of Aragon.
For example, Al-Mansur Ibn Abi Aamir, whose rule is considered to have marked the peak of power for Moorish Al-Andalus Iberia, married Abda, daughter of Sancho Garcés II of Navarra, who bore him a son, named Abd al-Rahman, and commonly known in pejorative sense as Sanchuelo ( Little Sancho, in Arabic: Shanjoul ).
::: According to some authors, for instance José Mª Sbarbi, this proverb has its origin in an historical episode involving Sancho II of Castile.
When his father Ferdinand I of Leon and Castile at his death in 1065 divided up his kingdom among his three sons, including himself, Sancho II remained silent.
* 1209 – Sancho II of Portugal ( d. 1248 )
* 1072: the Battle of Golpejera is fought between Sancho II of Castile and Alfonso VI of Castile
* Sancho II, Count of Gascony
* March 25 – Sancho II is crowned King of Portugal
* The king Sancho II of Portugal launches a large offensive against the Muslims and takes the city of Elvas.
* Sancho II of Portugal conquers the cities of Aljustrel and Mértola over the Muslims.
* January 4 – King Sancho II of Portugal
Sancho and (),
Sancho I (), nicknamed " the Populator " (), King of Portugal ( 11 November 1154 – 26 March 1212, both Coimbra ) was the second but only surviving legitimate son and fourth child of Afonso I of Portugal by his wife, Maud of Savoy.
Infanta Sancha of Portugal (), was a Portuguese infanta ( princess ), second daughter of King Sancho I of Portugal and Dulce of Aragon.
Sancho and nicknamed
Every day after school, Ichiro is tormented by a gang of bullies led by a child named Sancho ( Junichi Ito ), whom Ichiro has nicknamed " Gabara.
Garcia Sanchez's son, Sancho II Garces, nicknamed Abarca, ruled as king of Pamplona from 970 to 994.
He urges the priest to take a holiday, and so Quixote embarks upon a voyage through Spain with his old Seat 600 called " Rocinante " and in the company of the Communist ex-mayor of El Toboso ( who, of course, is nicknamed " Sancho ").
García was succeeded by his son Sancho II Garcés, nicknamed Abarca.
* Sancho I of Portugal, nicknamed the Populator, ( 1154-1212 )
* Sancho II of Portugal, nicknamed " the Pious " and " the Caped " or " the Capuched ", ( 1209-1248 )
Sancho and ()
Following the control of the region, the settlement received its first foral () in 1195, during the reign of Sancho I.
King Sancho I issued a charter () in 1202, and King Manual I re-issued a new foral on 15 December 1519.
Sancho IV Garcés ( c. 1038 – 4 June 1076 ), called Sancho of Peñalén () or Sancho the Noble, was King of Navarre from 1054 to 1076.
Sancho () ( 1274 – 4 September 1324 ), called the Pacific or the Peaceful ( el Pacífic or el Pacífico ), was King of Majorca, Count of Roussillon and Cerdanya, and Lord of Montpellier from 1311 to his death.
Sancho and Portuguese
The Portuguese king Sancho II continues his offensive southward and takes Beja, Juromenha, Serpa and Moura.
Estêvão Soares, archbishop of Braga, placed himself at the head of the nobles and churchmen who threatened to usurp the royal power during Sancho II's minority, and negotiated an alliance with Alfonso IX, by which it was arranged that the Portuguese should attack Elvas, the Castilians Badajoz.
Sancho ordered the fortification of the city and built a castle which is today an important monument of Portuguese heritage.
Sancho I wrote several books of poems and used the royal treasure to send Portuguese students to European universities.
From 1236 onwards, Sancho II conquered several cities in the Algarve and Alentejo, securing the Portuguese position in the region.
With Rome under siege by Emperor Frederick II, the pope used the council to excommunicate and depose the emperor, as well as the Portuguese King Sancho II.
It would be some time after the death of Sancho, before the area across the Tagus would be restored to Portuguese control.
As this conquest did not take all of the Algarve, D. Sancho never used the title King of Portugal and the Algarve, but instead it was adopted by his grandson Afonso III of Portugal as a part of the titles and honours of the Portuguese Crown.
Manoel de Vilhena was a Portuguese aristocrat of royal descent, son of Dom Sancho Manoel de Vilhena, 1st Count de Vila Flor, and first wife Ana de Noronha, and a remote uncle of the Duke of Terceira.
To give the county a male head, she married again in 1238 to Infante Afonso, second in line to the Portuguese throne, younger brother of King Sancho II of Portugal.
However, further south he in 1191 recaptured a major fortress, Paderne Castle and the surrounding territory near Albufeira, in the Algarve-which had been controlled by the Portuguese army of King Sancho I since 1182.
In 1238, in the context of the Reconquista, the town was conquered by Portuguese King Sancho II, putting an end on centuries of Islamic domination in the Mértola region.
But, although King Afonso was able to triumph, the region was never definitely secured by the Portuguese until the regin of King Sancho II, around 1234, when the Castle of Aljustrel was captured.
However, Estremoz was soon retaken by the Moors and only in the mid-13th century reconquered by Portuguese King Sancho II.
Elizabeth took an active interest in Portuguese politics and was a decisive conciliator during the negotiations concerning the Treaty of Alcañices, signed by Denis and Sancho IV of Castile in 1297 ( which fixed the borders between the two countries ).
Those killed include three bishops ( from Avila, Segovia and Siguenza ); Count Ordoño García de Roda and his brothers ; Counts Pedro Ruiz de Guzmán and Rodrigo Sánchez ; the Masters of the Order of Santiago, Sancho Fernández de Lemus, and of the Portuguese Order of Évora, Gonçalo Viegas.
* Sancho de Tovar and Vicente Pegado among others ( the first Europeans ever to contemplate and to describe the ruins of Great Zimbabwe, then referred to by the Portuguese as Monomotapa ).
Infante Ferdinand of Portugal, Count of Flanders ( Coimbra, March 24, 1188 – Noyon, July 27, 1233 ; ; Portuguese Fernando ; Old French Ferrand ) was a Portuguese infante, fourth son of Portuguese King Sancho I and Dulce of Aragon.
She was the fifth daughter of Portuguese King Sancho I and Dulce of Aragon.
: For the Portuguese infanta daughter of Sancho I, see: Infanta Constança of Portugal
Infanta Branca of Portugal ( c. 1192 – Guadalajara, November 17, 1240 ; ; ) was a Portuguese infanta ( princess ), eighth child of Portuguese King Sancho I and Dulce of Aragon.
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