Many of the literary works of Søren Kierkegaard, Franz Kafka, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Jean-Paul Sartre, and Albert Camus contain descriptions of people who encounter the absurdity of the world.

* A History of Philosophy: Volume IX: Modern Philosophy: From the French Revolution to Sartre, Camus, and Levi-Strauss.

Albert Camus opposed both Nazi fascism and Stalinist communism, leading to a split with Jean-Paul Sartre.

Sartre was a very active contributor to Combat, a newspaper created during the clandestine period by Albert Camus, a philosopher and author who held similar beliefs.

Sartre and de Beauvoir remained friends with Camus until 1951, with the publication of Camus's The Rebel.

According to Camus, Sartre was a writer who resisted, not a resister who wrote.

* H. Wittmann, Sartre and Camus in Aesthetics.

In Paris, he became friends with Jean-Paul Sartre and Albert Camus.

Camus and Sartre, in particular, were of the French resistance against the Nazis ; their friendship ultimately differing only in philosophic stance.

She initially felt alienated by the isolation of the campus ( at that time she was interested in Albert Camus and Jean-Paul Sartre ), but she soon made friends with foreign students.

His readings also included Camus and Sartre.

With protagonists who asserted their independence from the fated past, themes during this period are more closely related to the existential concerns of such writers as Jean-Paul Sartre and Albert Camus.

In a 1966 interview, Claude Bonnefoy, comparing the Absurdists to Sartre and Camus, said to Ionesco, " It seems to me that Beckett, Adamov and yourself started out less from philosophical reflections or a return to classical sources, than from first-hand experience and a desire to find a new theatrical expression that would enable you to render this experience in all its acuteness and also its immediacy.

If Sartre and Camus thought out these themes, you expressed them in a far more vital contemporary fashion ".

Situated on the left bank of the River Seine, this central arrondissement which includes the historic districts of Saint-Germain-des-Prés ( surrounding the Abbey founded in the 6th century ) and Luxembourg ( surrounding the Palace and its Gardens ) has played a major role throughout Paris history and is well known for its café culture and the revolutionary intellectualism ( see: Existentialism, Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir ) and literature ( see: Paul Éluard, Boris Vian, Albert Camus, Françoise Sagan ) it has hosted.

The subsequent ideological break between him and Eliade has been compared by writer Gabriela Adameşteanu with that between Jean-Paul Sartre and Albert Camus.

In a eulogy to Albert Camus, existentialist philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre described the novel as " perhaps the most beautiful and the least understood " of Camus ' books.

Camus & Sartre: The Story of a Friendship and the Quarrel that Ended It.

The theme of human alienation, the most prominent existentialist theme, presented by Jean-Paul Sartre and Albert Camus, is thus formulated, in 1932, by young Cioran: " Is it possible that existence is our exile and nothingness our home?

In order to support his family, he continued to work as a book reviewer for the Journal des débats from 1941 to 1944, writing for instance about such figures as Sartre and Camus, Bataille and Michaux, Mallarmé and Duras for a putatively Pétainist readership.

At that time European literature was largely neglected by American publishers ; Knopf published authors such as Simone de Beauvoir, Albert Camus, Joseph Conrad, E. M. Forster, Sigmund Freud, André Gide, Franz Kafka, D. H. Lawrence, Thomas Mann, W. Somerset Maugham and Jean-Paul Sartre.

He began painting at age 13, and his existentialist approach to art was formed during a bout with tuberculosis at age 16, during which he read Nietzsche, Sartre, Piaget, and Camus.

She secured contributions from a wide variety of well-known artists and writers, including Jean-Paul Sartre ( The End of the War ), Robert Lowell, Albert Camus ( Letter to a German Friend, his first appearance in an English-language publication ), Henri Matisse, Weldon Kees, Paul Éluard, Pablo Picasso, René Char, Henri Cartier Bresson, Louis Aragon, Kay Boyle, Gwendolyn Brooks, Sterling A.

Brown, Charles Bukowski, Albert Camus, René Char, Paul Éluard, Jean Genet, Natalia Ginzburg, Victor Hugo, Weldon Kees, Robert Lowell, Henry Miller, Eugenio Montale, Anaïs Nin, Charles Olson, Francis Ponge, Kenneth Rexroth, Arthur Rimbaud, Yannis Ritsos, Jean-Paul Sartre, Karl Shapiro, Stephen Spender, Leo Tolstoy, and Giuseppe Ungaretti.

In August Sartre and de Beauvoir went to the French Riviera seeking the support of André Gide and André Malraux.

In 1950 he published the autobiographical Rude Assignment, in 1951 a collection of allegorical short stories about life in " the capital of a dying empire ," entitled " Rotting Hill ," and in 1952 a book of essays on writers such as George Orwell, Jean-Paul Sartre and André Malraux, entitled " The Writer and the Absolute.

He was released in 1970 after an international campaign for his release which included Jean-Paul Sartre, André Malraux, General Charles de Gaulle and Pope Paul VI.

Many French journalists, intellectuals and writers in the 1930s and 1940s were described ( and sometimes referred to themselves ) as fellow travelers, including André Gide, André Malraux, Romain Rolland, Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir.

The Cambridge Companion to the French Novel places La Nausée in a tradition of French activism: " Following on from Malraux, Sartre, Beauvoir, and Camus among others were all able to use the writing of novels as a powerful tool of ideological exploration.

Among its contributors were Albert Camus, Jean-Paul Sartre, André Malraux and François Mauriac.

* Literature of the graveyard: Jean-Paul Sartre, François Mauriac, André Malraux, Arthur Koestler ( 1948 ) translation

In the late 1930s, the works of Hemingway, Faulkner and Dos Passos came to be translated into French, and their prose style had a profound impact on the work of writers like Jean-Paul Sartre, André Malraux and Albert Camus.

Sartre has also been noted for his relationship with the prominent feminist theorist Simone de Beauvoir.

Jean Paul Sartre ( middle ) and Simone de Beauvoir ( left ) meeting with Che Guevara ( right ) in Cuba, 1960

Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir at the Balzac Memorial

* Simone de Beauvoir, Adieux: A Farewell to Sartre, New York: Pantheon Books, 1984.

* Axel Madsen, Hearts and Minds: The Common Journey of Simone de Beauvoir and Jean-Paul Sartre, William Morrow & Co, 1977.

Maurice Merleau-Ponty () ( 14 March 1908 – 3 May 1961 ) was a French phenomenological philosopher, strongly influenced by Karl Marx, Edmund Husserl, and Martin Heidegger in addition to being closely associated with Jean-Paul Sartre ( who later stated he had been " converted " to Marxism by Merleau-Ponty ) and Simone de Beauvoir.

After secondary schooling at the lycée Louis-le-Grand in Paris, Maurice Merleau-Ponty became a student at the École Normale Supérieure, where he studied alongside Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir, and Simone Weil.

During its lifetime Hotel Chelsea has provided a home to many great writers and thinkers including Mark Twain, O. Henry, Herbert Huncke, Dylan Thomas, Arthur C. Clarke, William S. Burroughs, Gregory Corso, Arnold Weinstein, Leonard Cohen, Sharmagne Leland-St. John, Arthur Miller, Quentin Crisp, Gore Vidal, Tennessee Williams, Allen Ginsberg, Jack Kerouac ( who wrote On the Road there ), Robert Hunter, Jack Gantos, Brendan Behan, Simone de Beauvoir, Jean-Paul Sartre, Thomas Wolfe, Charles Bukowski, Raymond Kennedy, Matthew Richardson, James T. Farrell, Valerie Solanas, Mary Cantwell, and René Ricard.

Richard Wright, Claude McKay, Jean Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir, and James Joyce were deeply influenced by Marxist and socialist theories of the day, and much of this type of reflection is evident in their writings of the time.

* Cimetière du Montparnasse – the Montparnasse Cemetery, where Charles Baudelaire, Constantin Brâncuşi, Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir, Samuel Beckett, and Susan Sontag are buried

French philosophers Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir and Maurice Merlau-Ponty named their journal, Les Temps modernes, after it.

In her literary and militant life she came across a number of people of influence in the 20th century, like Colette, Simone de Beauvoir and Jean-Paul Sartre, Jean Cocteau and many more.

Such subcultures include the " Bohemians " of the mid-nineteenth century, the Impressionists, artistic circles of the Belle époque ( around such artists as Picasso and Alfred Jarry ), the Dadaists, Surrealists, the " Lost Generation " ( Hemingway, Gertrude Stein ) and the post-war " intellectuals " associated with Montparnasse ( Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir ).

Other noteworthy intellectuals and religious figures on the Index include Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir, Voltaire, Denis Diderot, Victor Hugo, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, André Gide, Immanuel Kant, David Hume, René Descartes, Francis Bacon, John Milton, John Locke, Galileo Galilei, Blaise Pascal, Hugo Grotius and Saint Faustina Kowalska.

* Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir meet for the first time at the École Normale.

Lanzmann is chief editor of the journal Les Temps Modernes, which was founded by Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir.

The works of Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir were available, but only in a waste bin.

He is widely credited with being one of main authors of the important " Manifesto of the 121 ", named after the number of its signatories, who included Jean-Paul Sartre, Robert Antelme, Alain Robbe-Grillet, Marguerite Duras, René Char, Henri Lefebvre, Alain Resnais, Simone Signoret and others, which supported the rights of conscripts to refuse the draft in Algeria.

Sartre dedicated the book to his lifelong companion Olga Kosakiewicz, a former student of Simone de Beauvoir.

Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir went to Nida during their stay in Lithuania in summer 1965.

It is a term used in early 20th century continental philosophy, especially in the works of Martin Heidegger, Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir, and the existentialists.