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Septimius Severus | Septime Sévère et Caracalla.
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Septimius and Severus
* The Military Orientation of the Roman Emperors Septimius Severus to Gallienus ( 146 – 268 C. E.
Alexander's dedication of On Fate to Septimius Severus and Caracalla, in gratitude for his position at Athens, indicates a date between 198 and 209.
Alexander's maternal great-aunt was empress Julia Domna ( also Maesa's younger sister ) and his great-uncle in marriage was emperor Lucius Septimius Severus.
* 193 – Septimius Severus is proclaimed Roman Emperor by the army in Illyricum ( in the Balkans ).
After siding with Pescennius Niger against the victorious Septimius Severus, the city was besieged by Roman forces and suffered extensive damage in 196 AD.
Byzantium was rebuilt by Septimius Severus, now emperor, and quickly regained its previous prosperity.
It was bound to Perinthos during the period of Septimius Severus.
235 ) (), often seen as just Aelian, born at Praeneste, was a Roman author and teacher of rhetoric who flourished under Septimius Severus and probably outlived Elagabalus, who died in 222.
* 197 – Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum, the bloodiest battle between Roman armies.
* 211 – Roman Emperor Septimius Severus dies at Eboracum ( modern York, England ) while preparing to lead a campaign against the Caledonians. He leaves the empire in the control of his two quarrelling sons.
* 211 – Septimius Severus, Roman emperor ( b. 145 )
Galen became physician to Septimius Severus during his reign in Rome.
In Southern's opinion, these reforms and the decline in senatorial influence not only helped Aurelian to salvage the Empire, but they also make Gallienus one of the emperors most responsible for the creation of the dominate, along with Septimius Severus, Diocletian and Constantine I.
Following the short reign of Pertinax, several rivals for the emperorship emerged, including Septimius Severus and Clodius Albinus.
Arch of Septimius Severus in Leptis Magna.
His grandmother Julia Maesa was the widow of the Consul Julius Avitus, the sister of Julia Domna, and the sister-in-law of emperor Septimius Severus.
Since the reign of Septimius Severus, sun worship had increased throughout the Empire.
It was the birthplace of Emperor Septimius Severus, who lavished an extensive public works programme on the city, including diverting the course of a nearby river.
In spite of the steady inflation during the 2nd century, there was no further rise until the time of Septimius Severus, who increased it to 500 denarii a year.
Julius may have served under Septimius Severus against the Osrhoenians in 195.
Septimius Severus (; 11 April 145 – 4 February 211 ), also known as Severus, was Roman Emperor from 193 to 211.
Septimius Severus was born on 11 April 145 at Leptis Magna ( in modern Libya ), son of Publius Septimius Geta and Fulvia Pia.
Severus ' father was an obscure provincial who held no major political status, but he had two cousins, Publius Septimius Aper and Gaius Septimius Severus, who served as consuls under emperor Antoninus Pius.
Septimius and |
Tondo ( art ) | Tondo, probably from the year 199, Septimius Severus with Julia Domna, Caracalla and Geta, whose face is smeared out.
Aureus minted in 193 by Septimius Severus, to celebrate Legio XIV Gemina | XIIII Gemina Martia Victrix, the legion that proclaimed him emperor.
Tondo ( art ) | Tondo of the Severan dynasty | Severan family, with portraits of Septimius Severus, Julia Domna, Caracalla, and Publius Septimius Geta | Geta.
Image: Leptis Magna Street. JPG | Street view ( from Septimius Severus arch to Trajan Arch )
Image: Severan Basilica 01. JPG | Stairs inside Septimius Severus Basilica
Image: Severan Basilica 02. JPG | Decoration columns inside Basilica of Septimius Severus
The arch was erected by Arch of Septimius Severus | Septimius Severus.
File: Arch of Septimius Severus Top Inscription. JPG | Arch of Septimius Severus top inscription
Denarius issued in 193 by Septimius Severus, to celebrate I Italica, which supported the commander of the Pannonia n legions in his fight for the Roman Emperor | purple.
Denarius issued in 193 under Septimius Severus, to celebrate I Minervia, which had supported the commander of the Pannonia n army in his fight for Roman Emperor | purple.
Aureus struck in 193 by Septimius Severus to celebrate VIII Augusta, one of the legions supporting his fight for roman emperor | purple.
XXX Ulpia Victrix supported Pannonia n army commander, Septimius Severus, in his bid for roman Emperor | purple.
II Adiutrix supported Septimius Severus, commander of the Pannonia n army, in his fight for the roman Emperor | purple.
This denarius, struck in 193 under Septimius Severus, celebrates XXII Primigenia, one of the legions which supported the commander of the Pannonia n army in his bid for roman emperor | purple
Aureus minted in 193 by Septimius Severus to celebrate Legio XIV Gemina | XIV Gemina Martia Victrix, the legion that proclaimed him emperor.
Image: RomeForumRomanumArchofSeptimiusSeverus01. jpg | The Arch of Septimius Severus
Septimius and et
et: Septimius Severus
Septimius and Caracalla
Emperors Caracalla and Publius Septimius Geta, were his mother's maternal cousins.
Together, they had two sons, Lucius Septimius Bassianus ( later nicknamed Caracalla, b. 4 April 188 ) and Publius Septimius Geta ( b. 7 March 189 ).
* Lucius Septimius Bassianus ( Caracalla ), age 7, changed his name to Marcus Aurelius Antoninus to solidify connections with the family of Marcus Aurelius and is given the title Caesar.
* Empress Julia, wife of Septimius Severus and mother of Caracalla and Geta, commits suicide.
* Septimius Severus, Julia Domna and their children, Publius Septimius Geta and Caracalla, from Fayum, Egypt, is made.
* Caracalla, son of Septimius Severus, is given the title of Augustus.
* April 4 – Lucius Septimius Bassianus ( Caracalla ), Roman Emperor ( d. 217 )
These were Domitian whose violent death in 96 ended the Flavian Dynasty, the co-emperor Publius Septimius Geta, whose memory was publicly expunged by his co-emperor brother Caracalla after he murdered him in 211, and in 311 Maximian, who was captured by Constantine the Great and then encouraged to commit suicide.
* February 4 – Caracalla and his brother Geta succeed their father Septimius Severus as joint Roman Emperors.
* Having suffered heavy losses since invading Scotland in 208, emperor Septimius Severus sens his son Caracalla to systematically wipe out and torture the Scots into submission.
Caracalla, of mixed Punic – Roman and Syrian descent, was born Lucius Septimius Bassianus in Lugdunum, Gaul ( now Lyon, France ), the son of the later Emperor Septimius Severus and Julia Domna.
Caracalla was present and was then proclaimed co-emperor with his brother Publius Septimius Antoninus Geta.
During his reign as emperor, Caracalla raised the annual pay of an average legionary to 675 denarii and lavished many benefits on the army which he both feared and admired, as instructed by his father Septimius Severus who had told him on his deathbed to always mind the soldiers and ignore everyone else.
Bassianus ' name probably came from Lucius Septimius Bassianus, better known as Caracalla, a major figure in Africanus, who, like Bassianus in the play, fights with his brother over succession, one appealing to primogeniture and the other to popularity.
A number of Roman altars have been discovered dating to the reigns of Antoninus Pius ( 138 to 161 ), and Septimius Severus and his son Caracalla ( 211 to 217 ).
In Imperial times, many emperors used to spend their summers in Anagni to escape the heat of Rome, the most notable ones being Marcus Aurelius, Septimius Severus, Commodus, and Caracalla.
He made his first appearance in public life as assessor in the auditorium of Papinian and member of the council of Septimius Severus ; under Caracalla he was master of the requests ( magister libellorum ).
Geta (; 7 March 189 – 19 December 211 ), was a Roman Emperor co-ruling with his father Septimius Severus and his older brother Caracalla from 209 to his death.
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