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Shackleton and five companions set out in a small boat to summon help, and on 10 May, after an epic voyage, they landed at King Haakon Bay on South Georgia's south coast.
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Shackleton and five
* 1916 – Ernest Shackleton and five men of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition launch a lifeboat from uninhabited Elephant Island in the Southern Ocean to organise a rescue for the ice-trapped ship.
All of them survived after Shackleton and five other men managed to reach the southern coast of South Georgia in the James Caird.
Undertaken by Sir Ernest Shackleton and five companions, its objective was to obtain rescue for the main body of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition of 1914 – 17, trapped on Elephant Island after the loss of its ship Endurance.
Shackleton and five others crammed into a lifeboat ( named the James Caird ), sailed across the frigid Scotia Sea for, miraculously reaching South Georgia two weeks later.
The most famous traverse of this frigid sea was made in 1916 by Sir Ernest Shackleton and five others in the adapted lifeboat James Caird when they left Elephant Island and reached South Georgia two weeks later.
Shackleton and five others then made an 800-mile ( 1, 300 km ) open-boat journey in the James Caird to reach South Georgia.
Shackleton and companions
On 9 January 1909 Shackleton and three companions ( Wild, Eric Marshall and Jameson Adams ) reached a new Farthest South latitude of 88 ° 23 ′ S, a point only from the Pole.
Shackleton and set
In an interview decades later, Roberta Findlay said that the film's distributor Allan Shackleton had read about snuff films being imported from South America and retitled the film to Snuff to exploit the idea ; he also added a new ending that depicted an actress being murdered on a film set.
An extended search for an anchorage at King Edward VII Land proved equally fruitless, so Shackleton was forced to break his undertaking to Scott and set sail for McMurdo Sound, a decision which, according to second officer Arthur Harbord, was " dictated by common sense " in view of the difficulties of ice pressure, coal shortage and the lack of any nearer known base.
Although Shackleton turned back before reaching the South Pole, he had discovered the first proven route to the pole, and in doing so, became the first person to set foot upon the great polar plateau.
On 2 November 1902, Wilson, Scott and Ernest Shackleton set off on a journey that, at the time, was the southern-most trek achieved by any explorer.
As soon as they were away, Shackleton ordered Worsley to set a course due north, instead of directly for South Georgia, to get clear of the menacing ice-fields that were beginning to form.
After spending the winter of 1957 at Shackleton Base, Fuchs finally set out on the transcontinental journey in November 1957, with a twelve-man team travelling in six vehicles ; three Sno-Cats, two Weasels and one specially adapted Muskeg tractor.
Shackleton and out
Shackleton put out false newspaper clippings that reported a citizens group's crusading against the film and hired people to act as protesters to picket screenings.
On the return journey Shackleton had by his own admission " broken down " and could no longer carry out his share of the work.
On his return, Shackleton asked Wilson to join his Nimrod expedition to Antarctica in 1907, but partly out of loyalty to Scott, he declined.
Shackleton had great faith in Worsley's skills as a navigator, especially his ability to work out positions in difficult circumstances.
The Shackleton Range, just out of the ice sheet between Slessor Glacier | Slessor and Recovery Glacier | Recovery glaciers.
This proved to be far more difficult than had been envisaged – not only were the eight men insufficient in number to carry out the heavy tasks easily but the weather at Shackleton was colder and much windier than had been anticipated.
Shackleton and small
However, he was in a seriously weakened condition ; Wilson's diary entry for 14 January reads: " Shackleton has been anything but up to the mark, and today he is decidedly worse, very short winded and coughing constantly, with more serious symptoms that need not be detailed here but which are of no small consequence one hundred and sixty miles from the ship ".
A small number of aircraft continued to use turrets however — in particular maritime patrol aircraft such as the Avro Shackleton used one as an offensive weapon against small unarmoured surface targets.
That ’ s the fate that befell Mrs. Chippy during one of the greatest survival adventures ever — Ernest Shackleton ’ s voyage to the Antarctic in 1914 on the ship Endurance — shown in the background of the painting, stuck in the ice, as the crew drag the small open boat which later accomplished an 850-mile rescue journey through sixty-foot waves. That ’ s the difference between my cat and a five-year-old ’ s.
Shackleton and boat
As Shackleton later wrote, " a boat party might make the voyage and be back with relief within a month, provided that the sea was clear of ice, and the boat survive the great seas ".
The weight of the boat was increased by the addition of approximately 1 long ton ( 1, 016 kg ) of ballast, to lessen the risk of capsizing in the high seas that Shackleton knew would be encountered.
Shackleton had decided that the boat party would number six, and stores were loaded aboard to last six men one month, for, as he later wrote, " if we did not make South Georgia in that time we were sure to go under ".
Before leaving, Shackleton had left instructions with Frank Wild, who was remaining with the main party, that he was " in full command from the time the boat leaves this island "; in the event of the boat journey's failure, Wild was to attempt to take the party to Deception Island the following spring, and await help there.
Shackleton later wrote: " We felt our boat lifted and flung forward like a cork in breaking surf ".
Shackleton was later to describe the boat journey as " one of supreme strife "; historian Carol Alexander comments: " They could hardly have known — or cared — that in the carefully weighted judgement of authorities yet to come, the voyage of the James Caird would be ranked as one of the greatest boat journeys ever accomplished ".
After a few days ' recuperation Shackleton decided that the boat was not capable of making a further voyage around the island's treacherous coastline, to reach the whaling stations on the northerly coast.
* James Caird ( boat ), a whaleboat named after James Key Caird, used by Sir Ernest Shackleton
Unstoppable, Shackleton beached his boat and with two others made his daring traverse of the island, crossing the Fortuna Glacier in the process.
Ernest Shackleton saw Clarence Island on his famous boat voyage but landed on Elephant Island.
Shackleton and help
While three stayed at the coast, Shackleton and the two others, Tom Crean and Frank Worsley, went on to cover overland to reach help at Stromness whaling station.
Shackleton was deteriorating rapidly, coughing blood and suffering fainting spells and unable to help pull the sledge.
In these circumstances Shackleton decided that he should take the initiative and try to reach help, using one of the boats.
After discussions with the expedition's second-in-command, Frank Wild, and ship's captain Frank Worsley, Shackleton decided to attempt to reach the whaling stations of South Georgia, to the north-east, with the help of following winds.
Shackleton, Worsley and seaman Tom Crean then walked across South Georgia in a 36-hour march to fetch help from Stromness whaling station.
Shackleton and on
Following the Falklands War in 1982, Lord Shackleton published a report on the economy of the Falkland Islands which recommended many modernisations.
He found a concentration of 60 parts per trillion of CFC-11 over Ireland and, in a partially self-funded research expedition in 1972, went on to measure the concentration of CFC-11 from the northern hemisphere to the Antarctic aboard the research vessel RRS Shackleton.
Armitage also promoted the idea that the decision to send Shackleton home on the relief ship arose from Scott's animosity rather than Shackleton's physical breakdown.
Although there were later tensions between Scott and Shackleton, when their polar ambitions directly clashed, in public mutual civilities were preserved ; Scott joined in the official receptions that greeted Shackleton on his return in 1909 after the Nimrod Expedition, and the two were exchanging polite letters about their respective ambitions in 1909 – 10.
An article in The Times, reporting on the glowing tributes paid to Scott in the New York press, claimed that both Amundsen and Shackleton were " to hear that such a disaster could overtake a well-organized expedition ".
In January 1922, during a later expedition, Shackleton died on board ship while moored in King Edward Cove, South Georgia.
For this achievement, Shackleton was knighted by King Edward VII on his return home.
Ernest Shackleton was born on 15 February 1874 in kikea near Athy, County Kildare, Ireland, about from Dublin.
The options available were a Royal Naval cadetship at HMS Britannia, which Dr Shackleton could not afford, the mercantile marine cadet ships Worcester and Conway, or an apprenticeship " before the mast " on a sailing vessel.
Shackleton used his acquaintance with the son to obtain an interview with Longstaff senior, with a view to obtaining a place on the expedition.
After landing, Shackleton took part in an experimental balloon flight on 4 February.
Scott chose Shackleton to accompany Wilson and himself on the expedition's southern journey, a march southwards to achieve the highest possible latitude in the direction of the South Pole.
This march was not a serious attempt on the Pole, although the attainment of a high latitude was of great importance to Scott, and the inclusion of Shackleton indicated a high degree of personal trust.
After a medical examination ( which proved inconclusive ), Scott decided to send Shackleton home on the relief ship Morning, which had arrived in McMurdo Sound in January 1903.
Years after the deaths of Scott, Wilson and Shackleton, Albert Armitage, the expedition's second-in-command, claimed that there had been a falling-out on the southern journey, and that Scott had told the ship's doctor that " if he does not go back sick he will go back in disgrace.
Shackleton and Scott stayed on friendly terms, at least until the publication of Scott's account of the southern journey in The Voyage of the Discovery.
Shackleton then worked hard to persuade others of his wealthy friends and acquaintances to contribute, including Sir Phillip Lee Brocklehurst, who subscribed £ 2, 000 ( 2011 equivalent £ 157, 000 ) to secure a place on the expedition, author Campbell Mackellar, and Guinness baron Lord Iveagh whose contribution was secured less than two weeks before the departure of the expedition ship Nimrod.
Antarctic explorer Sir Ernest Shackleton, who presided at the club dinner in 1910, allowed his two young children-Raymond and Cecily-to play cowboys and Indians on the cricket green during the week.
Cape May Stage, an Equity theater founded in 1988, performs at the Robert Shackleton Playhouse on the corner of Bank and Lafayette Streets.
A bust of founder Sir Peter Scott by Jacqueline Shackleton was completed in 1986 and on display in the grounds.
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