Shellac is a resin secreted by the female lac bug, on trees in the forests of India and Thailand.

Shellac that remains tacky for a long time is no longer usable.

For applications where a flatter ( less shiny ) sheen is desired, products containing amorphous silica, such as " Shellac Flat ," may be added to the dissolved shellac.

Shellac is a natural bioadhesive polymer and is chemically similar to synthetic polymers, and thus can be considered a natural form of plastic.

Shellac scratches more easily than most lacquers and varnishes, and application is more labor-intensive, which is why it has been replaced by plastic in most areas.

Shellac is much softer than Urushi lacquer for instance, which is far superior in regards to both chemical and mechanical resistance.

Shellac is soluble in alkaline solutions such as ammonia, sodium borate, sodium carbonate, and sodium hydroxide, and also in various organic solvents.

Shellac is UV-resistant, and does not darken as it ages ( though the wood under it may do so, as in the case of pine ).

Shellac is edible and it is used as a glazing agent on pills ( see excipients ) and candies in the form of pharmaceutical glaze ( or, confectioner's glaze ).

Shellac is used as a ' wax ' coating on citrus fruit to prolong its shelf / storage life.

Shellac is an odour and stain blocker and so is often used as the base of " solves all problems " primers.

Shellac is used as a binder in India ink.

Shellac is used by many cyclists as a protective and decorative coating for their handlebar tape.

Shellac is used as a hard-drying adhesive for tubular cycle tires, particularly for track racing.

Shellac is used to make felt hats more stiff and water-resistant.

Shellac gel is used in insect collections as a glue to stick small specimens at the tip of small points of thick paper pinned, or glued directly along the pin.

Another process is engraving fine lines into a picture and filling them with a mixture of India Ink and Shellac.

Shellac is a very widely used single component resin varnish that is alcohol soluble.

Shellac naturally contains a small amount of wax ( 3 %- 5 % by volume ), which comes from the lac bug.

Shellac comes in many warm colors, ranging from a very light blond (" platina ") to a very dark brown (" garnet "), with many varieties of brown, yellow, orange and red in between.

Shellac was used from mid-19th century to produce small moulded goods such as picture frames, boxes, toilet articles, jewelry, inkwells and even dentures.

Following Big Black's breakup, Albini formed and fronted Rapeman from 1987 to 1989 and Shellac from 1992 onward.

*" Ghosts ", a song by Shellac from 1000 Hurts

A compilation of the band's singles, Mcluskyism, came out in February 2006 ; a limited-edition version came with two additional CDs of B-sides ( labelled as B-sides and C-sides ), rarities and live recordings from their final headline performance at the University of London Union ( The band would make one further live appearance on 01 / 12 / 04 supporting Shellac at the Scala in London ).

The late 80s and early 90s saw the formation and rise to prominence of several bands associated with earlier acts that not only included the examples of Fugazi and Shellac, but also Girls Against Boys ( originally a side-project of Brendan Canty and Eli Janney, which would later incorporate members of Soulside ), The Jesus Lizard ( formed by ex-members of Scratch Acid ), Quicksand ( fronted by former Youth of Today and Gorilla Biscuits member Walter Schreifels ), Rollins Band ( led by former Black Flag singer Henry Rollins ), Tar ( which raised from the ashes of a hardcore outfit named Blatant Dissent ), and Slint ( containing members of Squirrel Bait ).

Their musical influences include-At the Drive-In ( the band's name comes from an observation that At the Drive-In sounded like a jet plane landing, made by a band friend ) Helmet, Soundgarden, Blues Explosion, Fugazi, Shellac, Les Savy Fav, Big Black, Pavement, Rage Against the Machine, AC / DC, Robbie Robertson, Bruce Springsteen and Elvis Costello

Shellac was once used for fixing inductor, motor, generator and transformer windings, where it was applied directly to single layer windings in an alcohol solution.

Shellac finds a use in pyrotechnic compositions as a low-temperature fuel, where it allows the creation of pure ' greens ' and ' blues ', colours difficult to achieve with other fuel mixes in fireworks formulae.

Mid-set in many live performances Shellac take the time for one or more " question and answer " sessions, where members of the band respond in an off-the-cuff and at times jocular manner to questions shouted out by fans and hecklers alike.

* Shellac wax-from the lac insect Kerria lacca

Among others, Steve Albini ( Shellac, Rapeman, Big Black ), Panthére, Gang Gang Dance, The Jesus and Mary Chain, The Sisters of Mercy, She Wants Revenge, Henry Rollins, Joy Division / New Order, Soft Cell, Nick Cave, Cassandra Complex, Sigue Sigue Sputnik, Radiohead, Kap Bambino, Spacemen 3, Spiritualized, Angel Corpus Christi ( covers of Dream Baby Dream and Cheree with Alan Vega guest vocals ), Michael Gira, MGMT, Sonic Boom, Loop, The Fleshtones ( both of whom have recorded cover versions of " Rocket USA "), Ric Ocasek of The Cars, Mi Ami, R. E. M.

Albini launched an extensive and successful career as a recording engineer and played bass with Flour before going on to form Shellac.

Shellac functions as a tough natural primer, sanding sealant, tannin-blocker, odour-blocker, stain, and high-gloss varnish.

Shellac was once used in electrical applications as it possesses good insulation qualities and it seals out moisture.

Shellac naturally dries to a high-gloss sheen.

Shellac was in rare use as a dyestuff for as long as there was a trade with the East Indies.

Woods's The Nature and Treatment of Wax and Shellac Seals discusses the various formulations, and the period when shellac started to be added to the previous beeswax recipes.

Shellac was historically used as a protective coating on paintings.

Shellac has traditionally been used as a dye for cotton and, especially, silk cloth in Thailand, particularly in the northeastern region.

The topsoil is scraped off to form dykes around the bed perimeter.

The traditional method of obtaining the latex is to scratch (" score ") the immature seed pods ( fruits ) by hand ; the latex leaks out and dries to a sticky yellowish residue that is later scraped off.

A palimpsest () is a manuscript page from a scroll or book from which the text has been scraped off and which can be used again.

Most of the soil covering this substrate was scraped by glaciers during the Ice Ages of antiquity, especially in northern Scandinavia, where the Baltic Shield is closest to the surface of the land.

* If leather on the side of a shoe is scored by several parallel cuts, it was caused by someone who scraped around the edges of the sole in order to remove crusted mud.

* If a London doctor's shoes are scraped to remove crusted mud, the person who so scraped them is the doctor's servant girl.

This is largely the result of different freezing techniques: the smoother types are produced in a gelato machine, while the coarser varieties are frozen with only occasional agitation, then scraped or shaved to produce separated crystals.

The oldest for which there is evidence is trepanation, in which a hole is drilled or scraped into the skull, thus exposing the dura mater in order to treat health problems related to intra cranial pressure and other diseases.

Ingres's pupil Amaury-Duval wrote of him: " With this facility of execution, one has trouble explaining why Ingres ' oeuvre is not still larger, but he scraped out work frequently, never being satisfied ... and perhaps this facility itself made him rework whatever dissatisfied him, certain that he had the power to repair the fault, and quickly, too.

Boiled breadfruit is a famous main meal and is often consumed with scraped coconut, or " sambal " made out of coconut and chilies.

Traditionally, the rhizome is gathered when the stalk withers ; it is immediately scalded, or washed and scraped, to kill it and prevent sprouting.

The first recorded observation is attributed to English scholar Francis Bacon when he recorded in his 1620 Novum Organum that " It is well known that all sugar, whether candied or plain, if it be hard, will sparkle when broken or scraped in the dark.

Robert Louis Stevenson wrote in an account of his travels through the Pacific in 1888 and 1889, “ the natives themselves have often scraped up a little English ,... or an efficient pidgin, what is called to the westward ' Beach-la-Mar '.”'.

Recent efforts have focused on the direct seeding method where seed of native species is ploughed into a scraped trench.

The Raclette cheese round is heated, either in front of a fire or by a special machine, then scraped onto diners ' plates ; the term raclette derives from the French word racler, meaning " to scrape ".

Trepanning, also known as trephination, trephining or making a burr hole, is a surgical intervention in which a hole is drilled or scraped into the human skull, exposing the dura mater to treat health problems related to intracranial diseases.