During the 21st dynasty, a shrine of the great god Amun was built by Siamun to the south of the temple of Ptah.

This makes him a possible candidate for Psusennes II because Pinedjem II died in Year 10 of Siamun, who was the immediate predecessor of this Pharaoh.

In the early 10th century BCE, Gezer was conquered by an Egyptian pharaoh ( probably Siamun ), who gave it to King Solomon as the dowry of his daughter, Solomon's wife.

She is depicted on a stela from Karnak with a son named Ahmose-ankh, a son named Siamun was reburied in the royal cache DB320, but it was her son Amenhotep I who would eventually succeed his father to the throne.

However, a calculation of a lunar Tepi Shemu feast which records the induction of Hori son of Nespaneferhor into the Amun priesthood in regnal year 17 of Siamun, Psusennes II's predecessor — demonstrates that this date was equivalent to 970 BC.

He was interred along with those of later, eighteenth and nineteenth dynasty leaders, Ahmose I ( his second son to be pharaoh ), Amenhotep I, Thutmose I, Thutmose II, Thutmose III, Ramesses I, Seti I, Ramesses II, and Ramesses IX, as well as the twenty-first dynasty pharaohs Psusennes I, Psusennes II, and Siamun.

It has been suggested that Siamun here was used as an epithet.

Since Siamun was a popular name during this period and the New Kingdom, it seems more likely that we are dealing with a name than an epithet.

Siamun must therefore be more or less contemporary with Seqenenre, and since it is not possible to identify Siamun with his successor ( this being Kamose ), it may be suggested that Siamun was the nomen of his predecessor Senakhtenre.

In contrast, the name of Psusennes I's Dynasty 21 successors such as Amenemope, Osochor, and Siamun appear frequently in various documents from Upper Egypt while the Theban High Priest Pinedjem II who was a contemporary of the latter three kings never adopted any royal attributes or titles in his career.

" He was later reburied in the tomb of his father Psusennes I during the reign of king Siamun.

His existence was doubted by most scholars until Eric Young established in 1963 that the induction of a temple priest named Nespaneferhor in Year 2 I Shemu day 20 under a certain king named Akheperre Setepenre — in fragment 3B, line 1-3 of the Karnak Priest Annals — occurred one generation prior to the induction of Hori, Nespaneferhor's son in Year 17 of Siamun, which is also recorded in the same annals.

He is credited with a reign of six years in Manetho's Aegyptiaca and was succeeded in power by Siamun, who was either Osochor's son or an unrelated native Egyptian.

Unlike his immediate predecessor and successor – Siamun and Shoshenq I respectively – Psusennes II is generally less well attested in contemporary historical records even though various versions of Manetho's Epitome credits him with either a 14 or a 35 year reign, ( generally amended to 15 years by most scholars including the British Egyptologist Kenneth Kitchen ).

* 959 BC: Psusennes II succeeds Siamun as king of Egypt.

* 959 BC — Psusennes II succeeds Siamun as king of Egypt.

However, this argument does not account for the use of Pharaoh as a title in the Dakhla stela — a literary device which first occurs late during the reign of Siamun, an Egyptian king who ruled between 45 to 64 years after Year 19 of Psusennes I.

Rolf Krauss aptly observes that the earliest attested use of the word pharaoh as a title is documented in Year 17 of the 21st Dynasty king Siamun from Karnak Priestly Annals fragment 3B while a second use of the title ' name ' occurs during Psusennes II's reign where a hieratic graffito in the Ptah chapel of the Abydos temple of Seti I explicitly refers to Psusennes II as the " High Priest of Amen-Re, King of the Gods, the Leader, Pharaoh Psusennes.

Helen Jacquet-Gordon did not know of the two prior examples pertaining to Siamun and Psusennes II.

Since Siamun enjoyed a reign of 19 years, he would have died 2 years later in 968 / 967 BC and been succeeded by Psusennes II by 967 BC at the latest.

After an interregnum of 38 years, during which the native Egyptian kings Siamun and Psusennes II assumed the throne, they ruled Egypt throughout the 22nd and 23rd Dynasties under such powerful kings as Shoshenq I, Osorkon I, Osorkon II, Shoshenq III and Osorkon III respectively.

He had been interred along with those of other 18th and 19th dynasty leaders Ahmose I, Amenhotep I, Thutmose II, Thutmose III, Ramesses I, Seti I, Ramesses II, and Ramesses IX, as well as the 21st dynasty pharaohs Pinedjem I, Pinedjem II, and Siamun.

For instance, the first dated instance of the title pharaoh being attached to a ruler's name occurs in Year 17 of Siamun on a fragment from the Karnak Priestly Annals.

Here, an induction of an individual to the Amun priesthood is dated specifically to the reign of Pharaoh Siamun.

* 978 BC: Siamun succeeds Osorkon the Elder as king of Egypt.

* 978 BC — Siamun succeeds Osorkon the Elder as king of Egypt.

Siamun is cited as having built a temple dedicated to Amun, the remains of which were found by Flinders Petrie in the early 20th century, in the south of the temple of Ptah complex.

Ankhefenmut kneels before the royal cartouche of Siamun, on a lintel from the Temple of Amun in Memphis.

This is not unprecedented since previous Egyptologists had previously amended the reign of Siamun by a decade from 9 years — as preserved in surviving copies of Manetho's Epitome — to 19 years based on certain Year 16 and Year 17 dates attested for the latter.

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