* 301 – Sima Lun, Chinese usurper of the Jin Dynasty ( b. 249 )

* Sima Lun, usurper of the Jin Dynasty in China ( possible date ) ( d. 301 )

* Sima Lun briefly usurps the Jin Dynasty.

* June 5 – Sima Lun, Chinese usurper

** Sima Yun ( 司馬允 ) ( b. 272 ), initially Prince of Puyang ( created 277 ), later Prince Zhongzhuang of Huainan ( created 289, killed by Sima Lun 300 )

* Sima Lun ( ch.

Sima Lun, at this time, was the tutor to the prince and considered a member of Empress Jia's inner circle.

Unbeknownst to Empress Jia, however, Sima Lun was actually plotting to overthrow Empress Jia.

However, his advisor Sun Xiu argued that, because of Sima Lun's reputed loyalty to the Empress, Sima Lun's actions would only lead to the accession of Sima Yu, who would then exact revenge on Sima Lun himself.

Sima Lun thus decided to have Empress Jia kill Sima Yu first before acting, and thus encouraged Empress Jia to kill Sima Yu ( Sima Lun's great grand-nephew ).

Then Sima Lun, producing an edict allegedly from Emperor Hui, arrested Empress Jia and put her under house arrest, and later forced to commit suicide in 300.

Sima Lun, again by way of forged imperial edict, first appointed himself as Grand Vizier and, in 301, crowned himself emperor, putting Emperor Hui under house arrest.

The supporters of Sima Lun were also hunted down and exterminated.

# Redirect Sima Lun

He was briefly deposed by his granduncle Sima Lun, who usurped the throne himself, in 301, but later that year was restored to the throne and continued to be the emperor until 307, when he was poisoned, likely by the regent Sima Yue.

* Sima Lun: 300-301

In 300, under the advice of a prince she favored -- Sima Lun the Prince of Zhao, Emperor Wu's granduncle — Empress Jia decided to eliminate Crown Prince Yu as a threat.

There was court intrigue between the political rivals of the Reformers and Conservatives, led by the chancellors Wang Anshi and Sima Guang, respectively.

For example, Zigong was from the Wey state and Sima Niu was from the Song state.

Sima Niu, in contrast to Yan Hui, was from a hereditarily noble family hailing from the Song state.

The first systematic Chinese historical text, Shiji or Records of the Grand Historian, was written by Sima Qian.

This claim was made by Jiao Yu in his Huolongjing Quanzhi ( Fire-drake Manual in One Complete Volume ), his preface written in 1412 AD ( although the book was originally published in the mid 14th century ), and that Zhuge had used not only " fire weapons " but land mines in the Battle of Hulugu Valley against the forces of Sima Yi and his son Sima Zhao of the Wei Kingdom.

Sima Qian was born and grew up in Longmen, near present-day Hancheng in a family of astrologers.

Due to intensive training by his father, by the age of ten, Sima Qian was already well versed in old writings.

After his travels, Sima was chosen to be a Palace Attendant in the government, whose duties were to inspect different parts of the country with Emperor Han Wudi.

In 110 BC, at the age of thirty-five, Sima Qian was sent westward on a military expedition against some " barbarian " tribes.

In 105 BC, Sima was among the scholars chosen to reform the calendar.

As a senior imperial official, Sima was also in the position to offer counsel to the emperor on general affairs of state.

Sima was the only person to defend Li Ling, who had never been his friend but whom he respected.

Since Sima did not have enough money to atone his " crime ", he chose the latter and was then thrown into prison, where he endured three years.

In 96 BC, on his release from prison, Sima chose to live on as a palace eunuch to complete his histories, rather than commit suicide as was expected of a gentleman-scholar.

The Chinese historical form of dynasty history, or Jizhuanti history of dynasties, was codified in the second dynastic history by Ban Gu ’ s ( 班固 ) History of Han ( 漢書 ), but historians regard Sima ’ s work as their model, which stands as the " official format " of the history of China.

Although Sima was the Prefect of the Grand Scribes in the Han government, he refused to write Shiji as an official history covering only those of high rank.

In 1929 the satellite group around the journal Le Grand Jeu, including Roger Gilbert-Lecomte, Maurice Henry and the Czech painter Josef Sima, was ostracized.

In Ancient China, Chinese world history, that of China and the surrounding people of East Asia, was based on the dynastic cycle articulated by Sima Qian in circa 100 BC.

In these circumstances, a General ( Jiangjun 將軍 ) led a division, which was divided into regiments led by Colonels and sometimes Majors ( Sima 司馬 ).

Noted Han historian Sima Qian was scornful of such practices, dismissing them as foolish trickery.

Sima Qian relates that the dynasty itself was founded 13 generations later, when Xie's descendent Tang overthrew the impious and cruel final Xia ruler in the Battle of Mingtiao.

Eventually, Cao Rui was persuaded to appoint Cao Shuang and Sima Yi.

She tried to include Sima Liang into the conspiracy, but Sima Liang declined ; instead, she persuaded Emperor Hui's brother, Sima Wei the Prince of Chu, to join her plan.

They also became concerned about the violent temper of Sima Wei and therefore tried to strip him of his military command, but Sima Wei persuaded Empress Jia to let him keep his military command.

Late in the day, Chen Zhun ( 陳準 ), who secretly supported Sima Yun, persuaded Emperor Hui to give him a banner that showed imperial support and was able to deliver it to Sima Yun, but his messenger, a friend of Sima Lun's son Sima Qian ( 司馬虔 ), instead tricked Sima Yun into receiving the banner and, as he did, cut off his head.

In fall 303, Sima Yong, dissatisfied that his plan did not come to fruition, persuaded Sima Ying to again join him against Sima Ai.

Sima Lun accepted the plan and persuaded her to assassinate the crown prince, which she did in 300.

Typically, the throne would be passed down to a son, but Emperor Cheng's uncle Yu Bing ( 庾冰 ), who wanted to control the government a little longer, suggested that, because Jin was then facing the threat of Later Zhao, that an older emperor was needed, and so persuaded Emperor Cheng to pass the throne to his younger brother Sima Yue the Prince of Langye, who was Yu Bing's nephew as well.