The number of neutrons, N, is known as the neutron number of the atom ; thus, A = Z + N. Since protons and neutrons have approximately the same mass ( and the mass of the electrons is negligible for many purposes ), and the mass defect is usually very small compared to the mass, the atomic mass of an atom is roughly equal to A.

Since a coulomb is approximately equal to elementary charges ( such as electrons ), one ampere is approximately equivalent to elementary charges moving past a boundary in one second, or the reciprocal of the value of the elementary charges in coulombs.

Since 1891, the modern Japanese ' shaku ' is approximately equal to a foot ( 11. 93 inches ), calibrated with the meter to equal exactly 10 meters per 33 shaku ( 30. 30 cm ).

Since 1978 black membership has grown, and in 1997 there were approximately 500, 000 black members of the church ( about 5 % of the total membership ), mostly in Africa, Brazil and the Caribbean.

Since the 1950s, manga has steadily become a major part of the Japanese publishing industry, representing a ¥ 406 billion market in Japan in 2007 ( approximately $ 3. 6 billion ) and ¥ 420 billion ($ 5. 5 billion ) in 2009.

* The atomic mass unit ( u ) is defined so that a single carbon-12 atom has a mass of 12 u ; 1 u is approximately .< ref group =" note "> Since the Avogadro constant N < sub > A </ sub > is defined as the number of atoms in 12 g of carbon-12, it follows that 1 u is exactly 1 /( 10 < sup > 3 </ sup > N < sub > A </ sub >) kg .</ ref > The atomic mass unit is convenient for expressing the masses of atoms and molecules.

Since the large ribosomal subunit is 28S ( approximately 5kb ) and the small ribosomal subunit is 18S ( approximately 2kb ) two prominent bands will appear on the gel, the larger at close to twice the intensity of the smaller.

Since approximately 10, 000 BC Syria was one of the centers of Neolithic culture ( PPNA ), where agriculture and cattle breeding appeared for the first time in the world.

Since that fuel must itself be accelerated, this results in an approximately exponential increase in mass as a function of velocity change at non-relativistic speeds, asymptotically tending to infinity as it approaches the speed of light.

Since the pressure gradient normal to the flow within a boundary layer is approximately zero for low to moderate hypersonic Mach numbers, the increase of temperature through the boundary layer coincides with a decrease in density.

Since 2005 the paper has been printed in tabloid format, and approximately 28, 000 copies have been published.

Since 2006, natural growth has been positive, but the most important factor for the recent population of the Czech Republic has been immigration, approximately 300, 000 during the last decade.

Since the load resistance is large compared to the other resistances, the output voltage will be approximately:

Since approximately 1830, the Holladay House has served as a mercantile store, a residence, a doctor ’ s office, and a Virginia bed and breakfast inn.

Since the power dissipation, P = I < sup > 2 </ sup > R, increases with the square of the current but only increases approximately linearly with the number of windings, the power lost in the windings can be minimized by reducing I and increasing the number of turns N proportionally.

Since cotton could be shipped by rail, the cotton gin at Ceres was disassembled and moved approximately two miles to Musella.

Since approximately one-fourth of the U. S. peanut crop is produced nearby, with much of it being processed in the city, Dothan is called " The Peanut Capital of the World.

Since its incorporation in 1961, Bell Gardens has grown from a population of approximately 4, 000 to nearly 45, 000.

Since that time, Parks has remained approximately the same size.

Since La Plata's inception, it has grown into a town with a population of approximately 9, 500 people.

Since tire air pressure is approximately equal to average ground pressure, a typical car will have an average ground pressure of to.

Since 1971 Danderyd Municipality is reunified in approximately the old boundaries.

Since 1900, Taylors population growth has averaged approximately 128 new residents per year, based on an estimated population of 1100 in the year 1900, and the population in 2010 of 15191, according to the U. S. Census Bureau.

Since 1980, each voter names three rookies: a first-place choice is given five points, a second-place choice three points, and a third-place choice one point.

Since its introduction by Alan Guth in 1980, the inflationary paradigm has become widely accepted.

Since 1980, UCA has hosted the National High School Cheerleading Championship in Walt Disney World Resort.

Since 1980, the National Park Service has allowed visitors to the Eisenhower Farm adjacent to the Gettysburg Battlefield.

Since 1980, the Dead Sea basin has been dry and the algae and the bacteria have not returned in measurable numbers.

Since the peak of 1980, the nominal GDP of Iraq steadily shrunk to $ 12. 3 billion in 2000.

Since a productive period in the 1970s, the mining industry has been hampered by the Iran – Iraq War ( 1980 – 88 ), the sanctions of the 1990s, and the economic collapse of 2003.

Since 1980, the foreign relations of Iraq were influenced by a number of controversial decisions by the Saddam Hussein administration.

Since September 1980, Krugerrands have also become available in three different sizes containing exactly 1 / 2 ounce, 1 / 4 ounce and 1 / 10 ounce of pure gold.

Since 1980, the surviving members have pursued solo careers and have also been involved in a series of collaborations and one-off reunions.

Since 1980, linguists studying children, such as Melissa Bowerman, and psychologists following Jean Piaget, like Elizabeth Bates and Jean Mandler, came to suspect that there may indeed be many learning processes involved in the acquisition process, and that ignoring the role of learning may have been a mistake.

Since 1980, the More Light Churches Network has served many congregations and individuals within American Presbyterianism who take positions on one side of this issue.

Since 1980, Switzerland has represented United States interests in Iran.

Since 1980 the Semiotic Society of America has produced an annual conference series: Semiotics: The Proceedings of the Semiotic Society of America.

Since 1980, the government has invested over US $ 1 billion in the park's infrastructure, and further expansion for more specialized parks have been pursued.

Since 1980, many Taoist monasteries and temples have been reopened or rebuilt, most of them belonging to the Zhengyi or Quanzhen school.

The Toronto Ultimate Club Since 1980, 3300 members

Since 1980, Australia, the United Kingdom, France, and New Zealand have provided the bulk of Vanuatu's development aid.

Since the strongest teams in men's volleyball at the time belonged to the Eastern Bloc, the American-led boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics did not have as great an effect on these events as it had on the women's.

Since their last Cup win in 1983, they are currently the only team of the four major North American sports leagues ( NHL, NFL, NBA, & MLB ) to win 4 consecutive championships, and hold the NHL record for most consecutive playoff series ' wins at 19 ( 1980 Playoffs-1984 Playoffs ).

Since its foundation in 1980 and merger with Alliance 90 after the German reunification, Kelly's party, now named Alliance ' 90 / The Greens, has become one of Europe's most important Green parties.

Since 1980, he has been a member of the Department of Philosophy at the University of Pittsburgh, where he is now Professor Emeritus.

Since the first production of Sesame Street Live on September 17, 1980, 48 million children and their parents have seen the show performed, across the world.

Since Led Zeppelin dissolved in 1980 with the death of Bonham, Jones has collaborated with a number of artists, including Diamanda Galás, R. E. M., Jars of Clay, Heart, Ben E. King, Peter Gabriel, Foo Fighters, Lenny Kravitz, Cinderella, The Mission, La Fura dels Baus, Brian Eno, the Butthole Surfers and Uncle Earl.

Since virtually all video game consoles and arcade cabinets designed and built after 1980 were true digital machines ( unlike the analog Pong clones and derivatives ), some of them carried a minimal form of BIOS or built-in game, such as the ColecoVision, the Sega Master System and the SNK Neo Geo.