Since 1848, the Swiss Confederation has been a federal state of relatively autonomous cantons, some of which have a history of confederacy that goes back more than 700 years, arguably putting them among the world's oldest surviving republics.

Since 1848, it has never been renewed entirely at the same time, providing a long-term continuity.

Since 1848, the Rio Grande has marked the boundary between Mexico and the United States from the twin cities of El Paso, Texas, and Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, to the Gulf of Mexico.

Under the Big Stick: Nicaragua and the United States Since 1848.

Since the uprisings of 1848, " Deșteaptă-te române " has been the most enduring national anthem of Romania.

Way's Packet Dictionary, 1848 – 1994: Passenger Steamboats of the Mississippi River System Since the Advent of Photography in Mid-Continent America.

Since 1848, the new national constitution and the amendment to the Canton constitution has guaranteed every citizen the right to vote.

Since 1848, Wantage has been home to the Community of Saint Mary the Virgin, one of the largest communities of Anglican nuns in the world.

Since 1848, the German states saw a resurgence of Catholic monastic life and a growth in the number of monasteries and convents.

Since 1848 the role of the first minister has become relevant.

Since June 1, 1848, Engels and Marx had been editing the Neue Rhenische Zeitung.

Since 1848, the canal has had 5 locks: Lachine, Côte-Saint-Paul, Saint-Gabriel and 2 locks at Old Port of Montreal.

Since then various names were adopted for the school, such as " École royale militaire " ( 1814 – 1830 ), Collège royal militaire ( 1831 – 1848 ), Collège national militaire ( 1848 – 1853 ), Prytanée impérial militaire ( 1853 – 1870 ), Prytanée militaire and Prytanée national militaire ( since 1870 ).

Since then, it was between 1848 and 1852 the seat of the Regierungsbezirk of Heppenheim, and has been since 1938 the seat of the Bergstraße district, to which were assigned not only the old Heppenheim district, but also great parts of the likewise abolished Bensheim district, with the parts of the Worms district on the Rhine ’ s right bank being added after the Second World War.

Since the Galena & Chicago Union started operating in December 1848, and the Fond du Lac railroad started in March, 1855, the Galena and Chicago Union Railroad is considered to be the origin of the North Western railroad system.

Since 1848, French Algeria had been considered an integral part of France.

Since then the Milanese Church has been without ( in the Milanese Apostolic Church eyes ) a legitimate Bishop and Patriarch, because Rome put Cardinal Carlo Gætano Gaisruck in 1818 and governed the diocese until 1848 " more as a soldier than as a prelate ".

Since 1848 the Austrians had been allied with the Russian Empire ; after the Berlin government refused Austrian demands at the Warsaw Conference of October 28, 1850, the souring relations degenerated further on Prussia's November 5 announcement that it was mobilising its army and preparing for war, in response to troops of the German Confederation advancing into the Electorate of Hesse.

Since he was frail he supported the 1848 Revolution for freedom through his poetry.

Since it would take place in international waters, Kennedy obtained the approval of the OAS for military action under the hemispheric defense provisions of the Rio Treaty.

Since the Treaty of Tordesillas the shipping and trade in the Atlantic region was divided between the two Catholic countries, Spain and Portugal.

Since the surrender after World War II and the Treaty of San Francisco, Japanese diplomatic policy has been based on close partnership with the United States and the emphasis on the international cooperation such as the United Nations.

Since the signing of the Customs Treaty in 1916, Liechtenstein and Switzerland have represented one mutual economic area.

Since the Treaty of Versailles forbade Germany to have an air force, German pilots trained in violation of the treaty in secret.

Since 1991 the more than boundary with the former Soviet Union, which was defined in the 1921 Treaty of Moscow ( 1921 ) and Treaty of Kars, has formed Turkey's borders with the independent countries of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia.

Since the Treaty of Lisbon came into effect, the 81 EC is replaced by 101 TFEU.

Since then, the Forum has brought the Portsmouth Peace Treaty and its model of diplomacy to wider awareness through the celebration of the 100th anniversary of the Treaty in 2005, commemorations of Theodore Roosevelt ’ s Nobel Peace Prize for his Treaty diplomacy ( 2006 – 2009 ) and legislation in 2010 making September 5th Portsmouth Peace Treaty Day in New Hampshire.

Since then, the Forum has documented new insights derived from this timeline and subsequent discoveries in permanent resources including the exhibit An Uncommon Commitment to Peace, and its companion catalogue, recognized by the Library of Congress as the most accessible educational resource on the subject, a Portsmouth Peace Treaty Trail ( and map supported by the New Hampshire Division of Tourism ), a curriculum guide for grades 4-8 distributed to all school districts in New Hampshire, a series of New Hampshire Humanities Council lectures and articles on the Treaty and New Hampshire's citizen diplomacy and a variety of commemorative events.

Since the Treaty of Nanking was brief and with only general stipulations, the British and Chinese representatives agreed that a supplementary treaty be concluded in order to work out more detailed regulations for relations.

Since the return of democracy, Argentina has also turned into strong proponent of enhanced regional stability in South America, the country revitalized its relationship with Brazil ; and during the 1990s ( after signing the Treaty of Peace and Friendship of 1984 between Chile and Argentina ) settled lingering border disputes with Chile ; discouraged military takeovers in Ecuador and Paraguay ; served with the United States, Brazil and Chile as one of the four guarantors of the Ecuador – Peru peace process.

Since the late 1980s the Treaty has become much more legally important.

Since the days of Rudolph of Habsburg and the 1283 Treaty of Rheinfelden, the combination of red-white-red was widely considered to be the Austrian ( later also Inner Austrian ) colours used by the ruling Habsburg dynasty.

Since then, the relations between the sovereign states of France and Monaco have been further defined in the Treaty of 1945 and the Agreement of 1963.

Since then, the relations between the sovereign states of France and Monaco have been further defined in the Treaty of 1945 and the Agreement of 1963.

Since 1932, under the provisions of the Statute, some of the articles of the original Constitution which were required by the Anglo-Irish Treaty, had been dismantled by Acts of parliament.

Since the Treaty of Lisbon, Member States ' right to leave the Union is codified, and the Union operates with more qualified majority voting ( rather than unanimity ) in many areas.

Since December 2011 the High Representative ( HR ) is in charge of the European External Action Service ( EEAS ), which was also created by the Treaty of Lisbon.

Since then, the three-step test has been modified and transplanted into the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, the WIPO Copyright Treaty ( Article 10 ), the WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty, the Directive on the legal protection of computer programs ( Article 6 ( 3 )), the EU Database Directive ( Article 6 ( 3 )), and the EU Copyright Directive ( Article 5 ( 5 )).

Since the 1990s the association of winemakers of Baja California holds the Grape Harvest Fiestas in the Valley of Guadalupe and the town of Ensenada every year in August.

Since the late 20th century, Hidalgo y Costilla ’ s " cry of independence " has become emblematic of Mexican independence.

Since its closing, scenes for several feature films have been shot at the location, including the first three Pirates of the Caribbean films, Charlie's Angels, Inspector Gadget, Fun with Dick and Jane, Pearl Harbor, The Aviator, Hidalgo, and Life As A House.