Since a -/- mutation in the APAF-1 gene is embryonic lethal, a gene trap strategy was used in order to generate an APAF-1 -/- mouse.

Since the advent of graphical user interfaces, Fitts's law has been applied to tasks where the user must position a mouse cursor over an on-screen target, such as a button or other widget.

Since that year, the work of Luis Royo appears in many different formats and in many different countries ( including Eastern Europe ): calendars, posters, t-shirts, CD covers, mouse pads, Trading Card collections in THE ART OF HEAVY METAL and the third part of his collection of cards, THE BEST OF ROYO.

Since that time, mouse clubs have formed worldwide.

Since a murine antibody is used, the patient might also be tested for human anti mouse antibodies ( HAMA ).

Since the first discovery in 1884, fossils of more than thirty individuals have been recovered, providing scientists with a more detailed knowledge of Albertosaurus anatomy than is available for most other tyrannosaurids.

Since the later discovery of the electron, an easier to remember, and more durably correct technically although historically false, etymology has been suggested: anode, from the Greek anodos, ' way up ', ' the way ( up ) out of the cell ( or other device ) for electrons '.

Since the discovery of his " Letter to the Alexandrians " in the last century, much work has been done to rehabilitate Claudius and determine where the truth lies.

Since the later discovery of the electron, an easier to remember, and more durably technically correct ( although historically false ), etymology has been suggested: cathode, from the Greek kathodos, ' way down ', ' the way ( down ) into the cell ( or other device ) for electrons '.

Since the discovery of fullerenes in 1985, structural variations on fullerenes have evolved well beyond the individual clusters themselves.

Since the discovery of potassium by Humphry Davy, it had been assumed that alumina, the basis of clay, contained a metal in combination with oxygen.

Since the discovery of the original longships in the 1800s many boat builders have built many replicas.

Since the fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine does not apply to Miranda violations, the exclusionary rule exceptions, attenuation, independent source and inevitable discovery, do not come into play.

Since the discovery of penicillin in 1928, antibiotics have been used to fight bacterial diseases.

Since the discovery of Newton's law of universal gravitation in the 17th century, the stability of the Solar System has preoccupied many mathematicians, starting with Laplace.

Since the object of scientific research is the discovery of new phenomena, this bias can and has caused new discoveries to be overlooked.

Since the original discovery by Dan Shechtman, hundreds of quasicrystals have been reported and confirmed.

Since its discovery, it has given names like radium A and radium C < sub > 2 </ sub > to several isotopes of other elements that are decay products of radium-226.

Since the discovery of superconductivity, great efforts have been devoted to finding out how and why it works.

Since its discovery, study of the Codex Sinaiticus has proven to be extremely useful to scholars for the purposes of biblical translation.

Since the discovery happened several millennia before the invention of writing, there is no written record about how it was made.

Since its discovery, there have been many searches in terrestrial materials for natural sources of technetium.

Since the vacuum offered no medium for an electric fluid to travel, this discovery could only be explained via a particle carrying a negative charge and moving through the vacuum.

Since this discovery is fairly new, little research has been done.

Since the 1970s, however, courts have held plaintiffs to higher standards, giving antitrust defendants an opportunity to resolve cases in their favor before significant discovery.

Since its discovery, a wide range of horticultural varieties have been selected, especially in Europe.

Since 2002, a tremendous amount of activity by Filipino scientists has resulted in the discovery and naming several new species of Rafflesia.

Since the Nobel Prize rules forbid nominations of the deceased, longevity is an asset, one prize being awarded as long as 50 years after the discovery.

Since the European exploration of the world, the " discovery " of every continent, island, and geographical feature, for the European traveler, led to the notion that the native people were " discovered " ( though many were there centuries or even millennia before ).

Since the discovery of the Sweet Track, it has been determined that it was built along the route of an even earlier track, the Post Track, dating from 3838 BC and so 30 years older.

Since 1988's Dead Ringers, Cronenberg has worked with cinematographer Peter Suschitzky on each of his films ( see List of noted film director and cinematographer collaborations ).

Since the overwhelming majority of scientists accept the modern evolutionary synthesis as the best explanation of current data, the term is seldom used in the scientific community ; to say someone is a scientist implies acceptance of evolutionary views, unless specifically noted otherwise.

Since the early 1970s, however, the dominant scholarship has noted dissimilarities between Persian Mithra-worship and the Roman Mithraic mysteries, and the mysteries of Mithras are now generally seen as a distinct product of the Roman Imperial religious world.

Since classical times, it has been noted that peace has sometimes been achieved by the victor over the vanquished by the imposition of ruthless measures.

Since the late sixteenth century Rockall, a 20 metre high rock in the Atlantic Ocean, has been noted in written records, although it is likely that some northern Atlantic fishing crews knew of the rock before these historical accounts were made.

Since the mid-2000s, Cuba has been a noted provider of medical aid.

Since most cellular compartments are reducing environments, in general, disulfide bonds are unstable in the cytosol, with some exceptions as noted below, unless a sulfhydryl oxidase is present.

Since that time, the website has continued to publish editorials and op-ed commentaries at irregular intervals and, more recently, frequent contributions from economist and noted television commentator Lawrence Kudlow.

Since < sup > </ sup > the bulk density of a solid chemical element is strongly related to its molar mass ( usually about 3 R per mole, as noted above ), there exists noticeable inverse correlation between a solid ’ s density and its specific heat capacity on a per-mass basis.

Since then a number of noted archaeologists have made contributions, not the least the current excavator.

Since Tipton County is one of the five counties of the State of Tennessee that is located along the Mississippi River, this area was first explored by white people during the noted expedition of the French Canadians Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet in 1673.

Since 1992 the island has been home to the noted chef Mogens Bay Esbensen.

Since the strip of parchment hints strongly at the method, the ciphertext would have to be transferred to something less suggestive, somewhat reducing the advantage noted.

Since the colonial period, Americans have been noted for their individualism and their pursuit of self-definition.

Since no real census has been taken for decades, the election results are the only indicator of the province's ethnic distribution, although it should be noted that many Assyrians and Yazidis claim that ballot papers were denied them, and in addition, many members of ethnic groups voted for mainstream parties, or ethnic parties that were attached to mainstream Arab or Kurdish led parties.

Since, as just noted, it seems clear that the July 19 date is correct there appears to be no credible basis for an explanation based on the 29th.

Since Tierco was on its way to becoming a " premier " regional theme park operator, in 1994 it changed its name to Premier Parks, Inc. Kieran E. Burke, chairman and chief executive officer ( CEO ), noted that the new name signified the beginning of a new era for the company.

Since 2002, he has written the column at Eppie Lederer's desk, which he, a " lifelong fan " of her Ann Landers column, bought at auction after the noted advice columnist died.

Since Coulon worked for the Topographical Bureau, it is unlikely that his ascent would not have been noted.

Since the elimination of OAC, some have noted that a greater proportion of students have entered post-secondary education since the elimination of OAC.

Since Bu is most likely to be Yūryaku, Kō, who is said to be Bu's older brother, is likely to be an equivalent of Ankō who also noted in Nihonshoki as an elder brother to Yūryaku.

Since its founding in 1815, the Union has developed a worldwide reputation as a noted symbol of free speech and open debate.

Since 1972 he has written and published several books noted for their impact on late 20th century magick and humor.

Since that time memorials to the dead in other conflicts such as the Korean War and Vietnam War have also noted individual contributions, at least in the West.

Since this accessory pacemaker also activates independently of the impulse generated at the SA node, two independent rhythms can be noted on the electrocardiogram ( ECG ).