* 1819 – Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles founds Singapore.

* 1819 – Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles leaves Singapore after just taking it over, leaving it in the hands of William Farquhar.

Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, The History of Java ( 1817 ), the purest sulphur was supplied from a crater from a mountain near the straits of Bali.

Singapore became numerically dominated by immigrant ethnic groups soon after Sir Stamford Raffles established a trading post on the island in 1819.

* Lord Hastings, the governor-general of India, gives approval to Sir Stamford Raffles to establish a trading station at the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula ( modern-day Singapore ).

* June 5, 1823 – Raffles Institution, then the Singapore Institution, was founded by the founder of Singapore, Sir Stamford Raffles.

* June 5 – Raffles Institution established as the Singapore Institution by the founder of Singapore, Sir Stamford Raffles.

* January 29 – Sir Stamford Raffles lands on the island of Singapore.

* February 6 – A formal treaty between Hussein Shah of Johor and the British Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles establishes a trading settlement in Singapore.

The name Tupaia is derived from tupai the Malay word for squirrel and was provided by Sir Stamford Raffles.

On 30 September 1642 Parliamentarians led by Sir Robert Harley and Henry Grey, 1st Earl of Stamford occupied the city without opposition.

Rafflesia was found in the Indonesian rain forest by an Indonesian guide working for Dr. Joseph Arnold in 1818, and named after Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, the leader of the expedition.

In 1811, Java was captured by the British, becoming a possession of the British Empire, and Sir Stamford Raffles was appointed as the island's Governor.

William Wilberforce ( MP, and abolitionist of the slave trade ) and Sir Stamford Raffles ( founder of colonial Singapore ) both briefly resided here, the former being the patron of Mill Hill ’ s first church, Saint Paul ’ s.

The founder of Singapore Sir Stamford Raffles, the abolitionist

His visit to Australia nevertheless helped him to obtain commissions there and elsewhere for statues of British imperial heroes, such as Captain Cook and Sir Stamford Raffles.

Image: Stamford Raffles statue. jpg | Replica of a statue of Sir Stamford Raffles by Woolner, erected at the spot where he first landed at Singapore.

Sir Stamford Raffles, a British administrator, founds Singapore.

The Raffles Institution was founded in 1823 by Sir Stamford Raffles.

Sir Thomas Stamford Bingley Raffles, FRS ( 6 July 1781 – 5 July 1826 ) was a British statesman, best known for his founding of the city of Singapore ( now the city-state of the Republic of Singapore ).

At the publication of the book, he also stopped using the name " Thomas ", preferring to use his middle name, " Stamford ", possibly to avoid confusion amongst his associates with Sir Thomas Sevestre or his cousin who bore the same name.

Statue of Sir Stamford Raffles in Singapore, based on the original by Thomas Woolner

The British establishment of Singapore on the Malaya Peninsula in 1819 by Sir Stamford Raffles exacerbated the tension between the two nations, especially as the Dutch claimed that the treaty signed between Raffles and the Sultan of Johore was invalid, and that the Sultanate of Johore was under the Dutch sphere of influence.

Worldwide knowledge of its existence was sparked in 1814 by Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, then the British ruler of Java, who was advised of its location by native Indonesians.

Raffles ; Professor Challenger ; Richard Hannay ; Bulldog Drummond ; the evil Fu Manchu and his adversary, Sir Denis Nayland Smith ; G-8 ; The Shadow ; Sam Spade ; Doc Savage's cousin Patricia Savage, and one of his five assistants, Monk Mayfair ; The Spider ; Nero Wolfe ; Mr. Moto ; The Avenger ; Philip Marlowe ; James Bond ; Lew Archer ; Travis McGee ; Monsieur Lecoq ; and Arsène Lupin.

In 1841 the Liberals lost office to the Conservative Party under Sir Robert Peel, but their period in opposition was short, because the Conservatives split over the repeal of the Corn Laws, a free trade issue, and a faction known as the Peelites ( but not Peel himself, who died soon after ), defected to the Liberal side.

Samuel had lost his seat in the 1935 election and the leadership of the party fell to Sir Archibald Sinclair.

Sir John Franklin's lost polar expedition is another example of cannibalism out of desperation.

Following his resignation as Prime Minister, Major briefly became Leader of the Opposition, and Shadow Foreign Secretary ( as Sir Malcolm Rifkind, who was Foreign Secretary prior to the election, had lost his seat ), and remained in this post until the election of William Hague as leader of the Conservative Party in June 1997.

However, his government lost a vote of confidence in 1980 and was replaced by a new cabinet headed by Sir Julius Chan as prime minister.

He briefly became Minister for the Northern Territory in late October 1975, but lost that post when the Whitlam Government was dismissed by Sir John Kerr on 11 November 1975.

The Spanish and the Dutch Republic outnumbered the English fleet's 22 galleons and 108 armed merchant ships ; however, The Spanish lost as a result of bad weather on the English Channel and poor planning and logistics, and in the face of the skills of Sir Francis Drake and Charles Howard, the second Baron Howard of Effingham ( later first Earl of Nottingham ).

There is no conclusive evidence of Richard's intention to marry Elizabeth ( which would have been subject to the Pope granting dispensations for such marriages ), although Sir George Buck later stated to have uncovered a now lost letter from Elizabeth which indicated she was involved and willing.

Two days later, Sir Thomas More resigned as Lord Chancellor, realizing that the battle to save the marriage was lost.

It was rumoured in December 1554 that Cecil would succeed Sir William Petre as Secretary of State, an office which, with his chancellorship of the Garter, he had lost on Mary's accession to the throne.

The Father of the House is not necessarily the sitting MP with the earliest date of first election: Sir Peter Tapsell was first elected in 1959, and is the only remaining 1950s MP, but lost his seat in 1964 and was out of Parliament until 1966 ; this meant that Alan Williams was Father of the House until his retirement at the 2010 general election by virtue of his continuous service since the 1964 general election.

Similarly, though Sir Winston Churchill was first elected in 1900, he did not become Father of the House until 1959 because he lost his seat in 1922, not returning to the Commons until 1924.

** Most famously HMS Terror ( 1813 ), sister ship of HMS Erebus and involved in Captain Sir John Franklin's lost expedition through the Arctic

In 1960 the late Sir George White saved the car division from being lost in the BAC merger.

The next attack came in 1345, when the Earl of Derby overran the Agenais ( lost twenty years before in the War of Saint-Sardos ) and took Angoulême, while the forces in Brittany under Sir Thomas Dagworth also made gains.

Sir James George Frazer published an epitome of the book by conflating two manuscript summaries of the text, which included the lost part.

In 1997, Michael Portillo, who succeeded Sir Anthony, lost the seat to Stephen Twigg, who after two terms lost in his turn to David Burrowes in May 2005.

The English had gambled that the crews of the many new Dutch ships of the line would not have been fully trained yet but were deceived in their hopes: they lost ten ships, with slightly over 1, 000 men killed including two Vice-Admirals, Sir Christopher Myngs and Sir William Berkeley, while about 2000 English were taken prisoner.

In particular, George Dunbar's brother John Dunbar, the Lord of Fife who lost his claim on Fife and Sir Robert Erskine's son, Sir Thomas Erskine who lost control of Edinburgh Castle.

Disapproving of such modern marketing techniques, Sir Eustace is about to throw away the chocolates in disgust but changes his mind when he learns that Graham Bendix, another member of the club whom he hardly knows, has lost a bet with his wife Joan and now owes her a box of chocolates.