Software that is not distributed can use the Sleepycat License, as can free and open source software.

Software can also be in the form of freeware or shareware.

Software can be patented in some but not all countries ; however, software patents can be controversial in the software industry with many people holding different views about it.

Software is usually designed and created ( coded / written / programmed ) in integrated development environments ( IDE ) like Eclipse, Emacs and Microsoft Visual Studio that can simplify the process and compile the program.

Software can be quite a profitable industry: Bill Gates, the founder of Microsoft was the richest person in the world in 2009 largely by selling the Microsoft Windows and Microsoft Office software products.

Software standard organizations like the W3C, IETF develop software standards so that most software can interoperate through standards such as XML, HTML, HTTP or FTP.

Software running via the built-in Basic interpreters also has a high level of compatibility, but only after they are re-tokenized, which can be achieved fairly easily by transferring via cassette tape with appropriate options.

" Stallman states that while the term " Free Software " can lead to two different interpretations, one of them is consistent with FSF definition of Free Software so there is at least some chance that it could be understood properly, unlike the term " Open Source ".

Software packages that perform rational arithmetic represent numbers as fractions with integral numerator and denominator, and can therefore represent any rational number exactly.

Software applications such as GnuPG or PGP can be used to encrypt data files and Email.

Since Id Software and some of its licencees released the source code for some of their previous games, several games which were not ported ( such as Wolfenstein 3D, Spear of Destiny, Heretic, Hexen, Hexen II, and Strife ) can run on Linux and other operating systems through the use of source ports.

In Cultural Software: A Theory of Ideology, Jack Balkin argued that memetic processes can explain many of the most familiar features of ideological thought.

After installation, they can be added through an option in the Software Sources Manager, or by using console commands generated either manually or by one of several helper sites such as Easy URPMI.

It differs from Microsoft's declaration in that it addresses machinima specifically instead of general game-derived content, allows use of game audio if Blizzard can legally license it, requires derivative material to meet the Entertainment Software Rating Board's Teen content rating guideline, defines noncommercial use differently, and does not address extensions of fictional universes.

Software packages can extend the concept of mind mapping by allowing individuals to map more than thoughts and ideas with information on their computers and the internet, like spreadsheets, documents, internet sites and images.

Software is available that can print scores in braille.

Software upgrades usually require setting up the operating system or portions thereof, and are non-disruptive only when using virtualizing facilities such as IBM's Z / OS and Parallel Sysplex, or Unisys ' XPCL, which support workload sharing so that one system can take over another's application while it is being refreshed.

Software developers can use the following plug-in frameworks ( organized here by programming language ) to add plug-in ability to programs:

In Ontario, Canada, Software Engineers who graduate from a Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board ( CEAB ) accredited program, successfully complete PEO's ( Professional Engineers Ontario ) Professional Practice Examination ( PPE ) and have at least 48 months of acceptable engineering experience are eligible to be licensed through the Professional Engineers Ontario and can become Professional Engineers P. Eng.

Software engineering can be divided into ten subdisciplines.

Software may also be written in an assembly language, essentially, a mnemonic representation of a machine language using a natural language alphabet.

In the case of Software development, this moment is generally agreed to be the publication in the 1980s of the specifications for the IBM Personal Computer published by IBM employee Philip Don Estridge.

Software thus encompasses a wide array of products that may be developed using different techniques such as ordinary programming languages, scripting languages, microcode, or an FPGA configuration.

Software libraries include collections of functions and functionality that may be embedded in other applications.

Cloud computing for call centres extends cloud computing to Software as a service, or hosted, on-demand call centres by providing application programming interfaces ( APIs ) on the call centre cloud computing platform that allow call centre functionality to be integrated with cloud-based Customer relationship management, such as Salesforce. com or Oracle CRM and leads management and other applications.

In a press release dated January 1, 1993, id Software had written that they expected Doom to be " the number one cause of decreased productivity in businesses around the world ".

The Software office will also be responsible for " software systems technology, machine intelligence and software engineering.

Euphoria continued to be developed and released by Craig via his company Rapid Deployment Software ( RDS ) and website rapideuphoria. com.

The Free Software Foundation also believes all software needs free documentation, in particular because conscientious programmers should be able to update manuals to reflect modification that they made to the software ), but deems the freedom to modify less important for other types of written works.

According to the Free Software Foundation, " freeware " is a loosely defined category and it has no clear accepted definition, although FSF says it must be distinguished from free software ( libre ).

Free Software Foundation founder Richard Stallman argues that, although the term intellectual property is in wide use, it should be rejected altogether, because it " systematically distorts and confuses these issues, and its use was and is promoted by those who gain from this confusion.

Id Software publicly stated they would not support the Wii console ( possibly due to technical limitations ), although they have since indicated that they may release titles on that platform ( although it would be limited their games released during the 1990s ).

Some Id Software titles ported to Linux are Doom ( the first Id Software game to be ported ), Quake, Quake II, Quake III Arena, Return to Castle Wolfenstein, Wolfenstein: Enemy Territory, Doom 3, Quake 4, and Enemy Territory: Quake Wars.

* Software: Some remailer software is widely used ( and live tested ), some is not.

Bare Bones Software tested the waters by making its BBEdit Lite freeware text editor available as an OpenDoc editor component.

; Dependency control: Software can be developed, built and tested in a chroot populated only with its expected dependencies.

The shareware distribution method was initially employed by Id Software through Apogee Software to sell their products, such as the Commander Keen, Wolfenstein and Doom games.

Only later ( about the time of the release of Doom II ) did Id Software release their games via more traditional shrink-wrapped boxes in stores ( through other game publishers ).

The deal would eventually affect publishing deals Id Software had before the acquisition, namely Rage, which was being published through Electronic Arts.

On July 14, 2008, Id Software announced at the 2008 E3 event that they would be publishing Rage through Electronic Arts, and not Id's longtime publisher Activision.

ID Software, 1996 .</ ref >), the player must drop through the water before the Episode 4 entrance and jump into a secret passage.

* Software construction: The detailed creation of working, meaningful software through a combination of coding, verification, unit testing, integration testing, and debugging.

This has progressed from the Application Service Provider ( ASP ) model from approximately 1998 through 2003 to the On-Demand model from approximately 2003-2006 to the Software as a Service ( SaaS ) model currently in focus today.

Software which is deliberately released as open source once experienced a security debacle in the late 1980s ; for example, the Morris worm of 1988 spread through some obscure — though widely visible to those who looked — vulnerabilities.

Software faults occur through the following processes.

Software was also distributed through print media ; magazines and books.

Instead, IBM now prefers to make key product strides through acquisition ( e. g., the takeovers of Lotus Software and Rational Software ) and to support the development of open standards, particularly Linux.

Other recent ventures include Race to Learn, curriculum software that uses Formula One to encourage group working in primary school children, published through Cambridge – Hitachi, a joint venture between Cambridge University Press and Hitachi Software Engineering that produces software for teaching on interactive whiteboards in schools.

This goal is achieved through the use of SDR systems based on an internationally endorsed open Software Communications Architecture ( SCA ).

Additionally, many online advanced degrees in Software Engineering have appeared such as the Master of Science in Software Engineering ( MSE ) degree offered through the Computer Science and Engineering Department at California State University, Fullerton.

Software developers can create applications that integrate with eBay through the eBay API by joining the eBay Developers Program.

Previous versions, including the Berkeley Software Distribution ( BSD ), use ports 1024 through 5000 as ephemeral ports.

* Spaced Repetition Software, programs that store and present information using a memorisation technique ( often through flashcards )