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Soil science is the study of soil as a natural resource on the surface of the earth including soil formation, classification and mapping ; physical, chemical, biological, and fertility properties of soils ; and these properties in relation to the use and management of soils.
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Soil and science
Soil science professionals commonly stay current in soil chemistry, soil physics, soil microbiology, pedology, and applied soil science in related disciplines
Environmental science is an interdisciplinary academic field that integrates physical and biological sciences, ( including but not limited to Ecology, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Soil Science, Geology, Atmospheric Science and Geography ) to the study of the environment, and the solution of environmental problems.
* Leeper, GW & Uren, NC 1993, 5th edn, Soil science, an introduction, Melbourne University Press, Melbourne
The International Union of Soil Sciences ( IUSS ) founded in 1924, is a Scientific Union member of the International Council for Science ( ICSU ), which it recognizes as the coordinating body for the international organization of science.
Soil and is
Clay identification is determined by a process of refiring the ceramic, and assigning a color to it using Munsell Soil Color notation.
Soil erosion ( especially from agricultural activity ) is considered to be the leading global cause of diffuse water pollution, due to the effects of the excess sediments flowing into the world's waterways.
The most commonly used model for predicting soil loss from water erosion is the Universal Soil Loss Equation ( USLE ), which estimates the average annual soil loss as:
Soil is contaminated through particulate accumulation from lead in pipes, lead paint and residual emissions from leaded gasoline that was used before the Environment Protection Agency issue the regulation around 1980.
According to the Soil Association, the total copper that can be applied to organic land is 6 kg / ha / year.
Soil is a natural body consisting of layers ( soil horizons ) that are primarily composed of minerals which differ from their parent materials in their texture, structure, consistency, colour, chemical, biological and other characteristics.
Soil is the end product of the influence of the climate ( temperature, precipitation ), relief ( slope ), organisms ( flora and fauna ), parent materials ( original minerals ), temperature, and time.
Soil is composed of particles of broken rock ( parent materials ) which have been altered by chemical and mechanical processes that include weathering ( disintegration ) with associated erosion ( movement ).
Soil is altered from its parent material by the interactions between the lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere.
Soil is commonly referred to as " earth " or " dirt "; technically, the term " dirt " should be restricted to displaced soil.
Soil pH, a measure of the hydrogen ion ( acid-forming ) soil reactivity, is a function of the soil materials, precipitation level, and plant root behavior.
Soil formation, or pedogenesis, is the combined effect of physical, chemical, biological, and anthropogenic processes on soil parent material.
Soil is said to be formed when organic matter has accumulated, and colloids washed downward, leaving deposits of clay, humus, iron oxide, carbonate, and gypsum.
Soil is said to be formed when detectable layers of clays, organic colloids, carbonates, or soluble salts have been moved downward.
Soil texture is determined by the relative proportion of the three kinds of soil particles, called soil " separates ": sand, silt, and clay.
** Soil erosion – process by which soil is removed from the Earth's surface by natural processes such as wind or water flow, and then transported and deposited in other locations.
Soil is not only a support for vegetation, but it is also the zone beneath our feet ( the pedosphere ) of numerous interactions between climate ( water, air, temperature ), soil life ( micro-organisms, plants, animals ) and its residues, the mineral material of the original and added rock, and its position in the landscape.
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