There are two major mobile telephone operators, Ikatel ( a subsidiary of Sonatel, of Senegal ) and Malitel ( a subsidiary of SOTELMA, the state owned telecommunications company ).

Large Senegalese companies include Senelec, the national power company ; Air Sénégal International airlines ; Sonatel, the principal telecommunications provider in Senegal ; and Industrie chimique du Sénégal, a chemical processing company.

There are currently three cellular companies: the former Alizé, now Orange owned by Sonatel, Tigo / Sentel, 75 percent owned by Millicom International Cellular, and Expresso / Sudatel.

Since the January 1994 CFA franc devaluation, the International Monetary Fund ( IMF ), the World Bank, and other multilateral and creditors have been supporting the Government of Senegal ’ s structural and sectoral adjustment programs.

Senegal ’ s new Agency for the Promotion of Investment ( APIX ) plays a pivotal role in the government ’ s foreign investment program.

The poet, philosopher and first President of Senegal Léopold Sédar Senghor tried to transform Dakar into the " Sub-Saharan African Athens " ( l ’ Athènes de l ’ Afrique subsaharienne ), as his vision was for it.

Mali shares a total of 7, 243 kilometers of land boundaries with seven bordering states: Algeria ( 1, 376 kilometers ) to the north and northeast, Niger ( 821 kilometers ) to the east, Burkina Faso ( 1, 000 kilometers ) to the southeast, Côte d ’ Ivoire ( 532 kilometers ) to the south, Guinea ( 858 kilometers ) to the southwest, and Senegal ( 419 kilometers ) and Mauritania ( 2, 237 kilometers ) to the west.

The Niger ( with 1, 693 kilometers in Mali ) and Senegal are Mali ’ s two largest rivers.

Louis Senghor, Senegal ’ s first president, referred to this as " dynamic symmetry.

* Fort d ’ Estrée, Goree Island, Dakar, Senegal

The first president of Senegal after independence, Léopold Sédar Senghor, taught at Saint-Maur ’ s lycée Marcelin Berthelot and the first lady of Tunisia, Moufida Bourguiba, was born here in 1890.

While Senegal ’ s intervention was ostensibly to rescue President Jawara ’ s regime, it had the effect of undermining The Gambia ’ s sovereignty, which was something that had been jealously guarded by Gambians and Jawara in particular.

The presence of Senegalese troops in Banjul was testimony to Jawara ’ s growing reliance on Senegal, which consequently was a source of much resentment.

The Member state are Afghanistan, Belarus, Cuba, Cyprus, Guinea, Guyana, India, Indonesia, the Lao People ’ s Democratic Republic, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Namibia, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Pakistan, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine and Venezuela.

Voiceless implosives are quite rare but are found in languages as varied as the Owere dialect of Igbo in Nigeria ( ), Krongo in Sudan, the Uzere dialect of Isoko, the closely related Lendu and Ngiti languages in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Serer in Senegal (), and some dialects of the Poqomchi ’ and Quiche languages in Guatemala ().

It is found in a number of African countries, including Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d ’ Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Togo, Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Senegal and Sierra Leone.

Buffon ’ s kob are protected in several parks, including Niokolo-Koba in Senegal, Comoe in Côte d ’ Ivoire, Arly-Singou in Burkina Faso, Mole and Bui in Ghana, Pendjari in Benin, Waza and Benoué and Faro National Parks of the North Province of Cameroon, Zakouma in Chad, and Manovo-Gounda-St. Floris and Sangba in the Central African Republic.

Since 1951, the brothers have lived, for longer or shorter periods, in small fraternities among the poor in India ( chiefly Calcutta ), Bangladesh, the Philippines, Algeria, Brazil, Kenya, Senegal, and the USA ( Hell ’ s Kitchen in Manhattan, New York City ).

The Treaty of Versailles ( 1783 ) ( signed along with the Treaty of Paris that officially ended the American Revolution ) created the current Francophone-Anglophone balance in the region: Saint Louis, l ’ île de Gorée, and the Senegal River region were restored to France and the Gambia was left to the British.

Senegal ’ s pro-Western stance increased its security worries since its neighboring countries might use either the Gambia, secessionists in the Casamance region ( the region of Senegal south of the Gambian border ), or other dissident groups to destabilize the Dakar government.

Senghor ’ s belief in Negritude not only informed a sense of the possibility of unification between Senegal and the Gambia, but it seems to have fostered the belief that unification would happen as an organic process.

A ball signare s in Saint-Louis, Senegal | St. Louis ( burning 1890 )

Single valves of the bivalve Senilia senilis, plus two gastropod s, washed up on the beach at Fadiouth, Senegal

Mouridism is today one of Senegal ’ s four Sufi movements, with four million devotees in Senegal alone and thousands more abroad majority of who are emigrants from Senegal.

“ Senegal ’ s hip hop scene is distinctive and its artist extremely talented.

To understand Senegal ’ s popularity as a mixture of different sounds is understanding Senegal ’ s history of colonization.

Similarly, the Wolof in Senegal is divided into three main groups, the geer ( freeborn / nobles ), jaam ( slaves and slave descendants ) and the underclass neeno.

Portugal's main rival was the French, their colonial neighbours along the coast on both sides-in Senegal and in the region which became French Guinea.

Cap-Vert is a rocky promontory extending west from the main sandy areas of Senegal.

Mboubène is a town in the lower delta of the Senegal River from the coastal city of Saint-Louis, Senegal, near the mouth of the Marigot de Djeuss, on the main highway to the Maka-Diama dam.

Today, the main populations of gum-producing Acacia species are harvested in Mauritania, Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Nigeria, Chad, Cameroon, Sudan, Eritrea, Somalia, Ethiopia, Kenya and Tanzania.

The main centers of activity were Senegal, Côte d ' Ivoire, Togo and the French Soudan.

See main article, Postage stamps and postal history of Upper Senegal and Niger.

However, the British sank the main French fleet in 1782, and France gained little, except for the colonies of Tobago and Senegal, from the Treaty of Paris ( 1783 ) that concluded the war.

Julius Nyerere of Tanzania, Léopold Senghor of Senegal, Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana and Sékou Touré of Guinea, were the main architects of African Socialism according to William H. Friedland and Carl G. Rosberg Jr. editors of the book " African Socialism.

Another attempt was made on 7 January, but was scrubbed because of bad weather at contingency landing sites at Dakar, Senegal, and Morón, Spain ; yet another attempt, on 9 January, was delayed because of a problem with a main engine prevalve, and on 10 January, heavy rainfall in the launch area led to another scrub.

In most Wolof-speaking parts of Senegal, the xalam has three principal tunings, all of which involve tuning the two main strings a perfect fourth apart.

Portugal's main rivals were the French, their energetic colonial neighbours along the coast both to in Senegal to the north and in the region which now became French Guinea to the south.

According to the explanations of Mrs. Tapsoba Marie, the former Cultural Counsellor at Burkina Embassy in Senegal and also Mossi herself, Mossi culture can be divided into four main values characteristic of the ethnic group.

The main indigenous revolutionary insurgent movement, the Marxist African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde or PAIGC was well-trained, well-led, and equipped and received substantial support from safe havens in neighbouring countries like Senegal and Guinea-Conakry.

One of the main reasons why hip hop has become preeminent in Senegal is due to its mixture of sound and culture.

The Mandinka language ( Mandi ' nka kango ) is a Mandé language spoken by millions of Mandinka people in Mali, Senegal, The Gambia, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso, Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Guinea-Bissau and Chad ; it is the main language of The Gambia.

Another 200 km line would have been needed to connect with the Dakar – Niger Railway at Linguère, Senegal, but the spur connecting that town to the main railway is no longer in service.

Located midway between the desert, the main source of salt, and the gold fields of the upper Senegal River to the south, it was well placed to take advantage of trade with the surrounding cities, and also with the north by a coastal route leading to Morocco via Sidjilmasa.

The main income of Joal is fishing ( it is the largest fishing harbour of Senegal ), agriculture and tourism.

The project's main sponsored groups in M ' Bour include: PAFPEC, a UNESCO-affiliated organization promoting literacy and training teachers ; Clinique Tout-Couleurs, a medical clinic ; an optometrist ; Collège Saint-Esprit, a high school ; and a group of women in Warang, Senegal who wish to become actively and financially involved in the fishing industry in their region among other groups.

However, only two Africa-born artists, one black and one white, were signed to perform at the main concerts — respectively Youssou N ' Dour ( Senegal ) and Dave Matthews ( South Africa ), the leader of Dave Matthews Band.

Overall the Dutch built 16 forts in different places, including Gorée in Senegal, partly overtaking Portugal as the main slave-trading power.