The Soviet Union supported a strong Vietnam to maintain a second front against China in case of hostilities and to prevent further Chinese expansion.

The Americans feared the Soviet expansion of Communism, but for a Latin American country to ally openly with the USSR was regarded as unacceptable, given the Soviet-American enmity since the end of World War II in 1945.

A policy of containment was adopted to limit Soviet expansion, and a series of proxy wars were fought with mixed results.

By mid-1947, as East-West tensions over economic recovery in Germany and the Greek Civil War escalated, Eisenhower gave up his hopes for cooperation with the Soviets and agreed with a containment policy to stop Soviet expansion.

From 1948 – 1960, $ 200 million in Soviet aid would be given to Albania for technical and infrastructural expansion.

Thus, the capital of Kazakhstan lent its name to the Alma-Ata Declaration, in which eleven of the fifteen Soviet republics announced the expansion of the thirteen-day-old CIS.

After World War II, the U. S. positioned Liberia to resist the expansion of Soviet influence in Africa during the Cold War.

Soviet expansion, change of Central European borders and creation of the Eastern bloc after World War II

North Korea's desire to lessen its dependence on aid from China and the Soviet Union prompted the expansion of its military power, which had begun in the second half of the 1960s.

Wary of Soviet expansion, Pakistan has strong relations with the People's Republic of China during much of the Cold War and good relations with the United States of America.

Iraq successfully gained some military and financial aid, as well as diplomatic and moral support, from the Soviet Union, China, France, and the United States, which together feared the prospects of the expansion of revolutionary Iran's influence in the region.

Population transfer in the Soviet Union was also used both as a military strategy to extinguish opposition to Soviet expansion, and as a continuation of the Russification policy of assimilating, or failing that, eliminating ethnic minorities through exile to a distant territory such as Siberia.

They would provide a buffer against Soviet expansion in preparation for the total eradication of Communism and Bolshevism by decisive pre-emptive military action.

Russia opposed the expansion of NATO into the former Soviet bloc nations of the Czech Republic, Poland, and Hungary in 1997 and, particularly, the second NATO expansion into the Baltic states in 2004.

As Secretary of State, Dulles spent considerable time building up NATO and forming other alliances ( the " Pactomania ") as part of his strategy of controlling Soviet expansion by threatening massive retaliation in event of a war, as well as building up friendships, including that of Louis Jefferson, who would later write a good-humored biography on Dulles.

" Laird supported the strategic arms talks leading to the SALT I agreements with the Soviet Union in 1972: a five-year moratorium against expansion of strategic nuclear delivery systems, and an antiballistic missile treaty limiting each side to two sites ( later cut to one ) for deployed ABM systems.

It was the start of the containment policy to stop Soviet expansion ; it was a major step in beginning the Cold War.

It shifted American foreign policy toward the Soviet Union from détente ( a relaxation of tension ) to a policy of containment of Soviet expansion as advocated by diplomat George Kennan.

The signing of the Molotov-Ribbentrop pact permitted territorial expansion and the establishment of Soviet rule in the Baltic republics.

Later, many Americans considered the agreements of the Yalta Conference to be a " sellout ", encouraging Soviet expansion of influence to Japan and Asia, and because Stalin eventually violated the agreements in forming the Soviet bloc.

Two expansion packs were released ; Gold Upgrade, which included Red Hammer, a campaign from the Soviet perspective, and Resistance, which introduced various new features and improved graphics and sound effects.

At Yalta the West still believed that Eastern Europe could be kept in its orbit, in spite of the onrushing Soviet armies.

From 1975 to 1989, Angola was aligned with the Eastern bloc, in particular the Soviet Union, Libya, and Cuba.

As the country was a Soviet satellite, it was a part of the Eastern Bloc and entered the Warsaw Pact as one of its founders.

Conversely, the existence of Bletchley Park, and of the decrypting achievements there, was never officially shared with the Soviet Union, whose war effort would have greatly benefited from regular decrypting of German messages relating to the Eastern Front.

They have been used for over 90 years as an alternative to antibiotics in the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, as well as in France.

These interventions were meant to put an end to democratic liberalization efforts and uprisings that had the potential to compromise Soviet hegemony inside the Eastern bloc, which was considered by the Soviets to be an essential defensive and strategic buffer in case hostilities with NATO were to break out.

Initially, Stalin directed systems in the Eastern Bloc countries that rejected Western institutional characteristics of market economies, democratic governance ( dubbed " bourgeois democracy " in Soviet parlance ) and the rule of law subduing discretional intervention by the state.

In a June 5, 1947 speech, comporting with the Truman Doctrine, Marshall announced a comprehensive program of American assistance to all European countries wanting to participate, including the Soviet Union and those of Eastern Europe, called the Marshall Plan.

Fearing American political, cultural and economic penetration, Stalin eventually forbade Soviet Eastern bloc countries of the newly formed Cominform from accepting Marshall Plan aid.

The Eastern leaders retaliated against these steps by integrating the economies of their nations in Comecon, their version of the Marshall Plan ; exploding the first Soviet atomic device in 1949 ; signing an alliance with People's Republic of China in February 1950 ; and forming the Warsaw Pact, Eastern Europe's counterpart to NATO, in 1955.

As well, the Castro government found an alternate source for vehicles in its new patron, the Soviet Union, which supplied the island with Volgas, Moskvich 1500s, Ladas and other Eastern Bloc cars, mainly for state use.

After Stalin took political control of most of Eastern Europe and began to subvert other governments in the Balkans, Attlee's and Bevin's worst fears of Soviet intentions were realized.

Failed attempts at reform, a standstill economy, and the success of United states of America against the Soviet Union's forces in the war in Afghanistan led to a general feeling of discontent, especially in the Baltic republics and Eastern Europe.

Fraying amongst the members of the Warsaw Pact nations and instability of its western allies, first indicated by Lech Wałęsa's 1980 rise to leadership of the trade union Solidarity, accelerated, leaving the Soviet Union unable to depend upon its Eastern European satellite states for protection as a buffer zone.

However, most of Eastern Europe, including the Soviet sector of Germany fell into the non-democratic Soviet bloc.

Economic malaise in the 1980s, along with resentment of Soviet oppression, contributed to the collapse of the Soviet Union, the associated end of the Cold War, and the democratization and liberalization of the former Eastern bloc countries.

Consequently hahnium was the name that most American and Western European scientists used and appears in many papers published at the time, and nielsbohrium was used in the Soviet Union and Eastern Bloc countries.

Conquest's calculations excluded camp deaths before 1936 and after 1950, executions from 1939 – 1953, the vast deportation of the people of captive nations into the camps and their deaths 1939 – 1953, the massive deportation within the Soviet Union of minorities 1941 – 1944 and their deaths, and those the Soviet Red Army and secret police executed throughout Eastern Europe after their conquest during 1944 – 1945.

ECHELON was reportedly created to monitor the military and diplomatic communications of the Soviet Union and its Eastern Bloc allies during the Cold War in the early 1960s.

The fall of communist regimes in the former Soviet Union and the Eastern Bloc convinced them it was a failed system.

* Russian in Eastern Europe and Central Asia from the Second World War to the break-up of the Soviet Union and the Warsaw Pact.