In the 1954 season, Baník achieved its biggest league success so far, ending second in the league after Sparta.

At both clubs he achieved impressive goalscoring feat, earning a loan move to giants of the region, Czech team Sparta Prague.

Xenophon's successful march through the Achaemenid Empire encouraged Sparta to turn on the Persians and begin a series of wars against the Persians in Asia Minor.

Alcibiades advises Tissaphernes to withdraw his support from Sparta while conspiring with the oligarchic party in Athens, as Sparta's allied cities break away in a series of revolts.

* Sparta, a fictional planet in the CoDominium series of books by Jerry Pournelle

At the same time, however, Epaminondas managed through a series of diplomatic efforts to dismantle the Peloponnesian league: the remaining members of the league finally abandoned Sparta ( in 365 Corinth, Epidaurus, and Phlius made peace with Thebes and Argos ), and Messenia remained independent and firmly loyal to Thebes.

The Neo-Grec vogue even made its way into French music through the works of the composer Erik Satie in a series of pieces called Gymnopédies -- the title a reference to dances performed by the youths of ancient Sparta in honour of Diana and Apollo at ceremonies commemorating the dead of the Battle of Thyrea.

These lead to a series of armed conflicts known as the Peloponnesian War, with Sparta prevailing in the end.

* How Many More Times split with Gerry Mitchell & Little Sparta ( Fire Records Keep Mother series G – H August 2006

Friction between Athens and Peloponnesian states, including Sparta, began early in the Pentecontaetia ; in the wake of the departure of the Persians from Greece, Sparta attempted to prevent the reconstruction of the walls of Athens ( without the walls, Athens would have been defenseless against a land attack and subject to Spartan control ), but was rebuffed.

Sparta and its allies, with the exception of Corinth, were almost exclusively land-based powers, able to summon large land armies which were very nearly unbeatable ( thanks to the legendary Spartan forces ).

* Emperor Tiberius settles a dispute between Messenia and Sparta over the Ager Dentheliales on Mount Taygetus, awarding the land to Messenia.

It is estimated that in later Classical Sparta, when the male population was in serious decline, women were the sole owners of at least 35 % of all land and property in Sparta.

* 725 BC — Sparta conquers the neighboring region of Messenia and takes over the land.

* 418 Battle of Mantinea, greatest land battle of war, gives Sparta victory over Argos, which broke treaty, Alcibiades thrown out, alliance broken

With key Greek city-states in submission, Philip turned to Sparta ; he sent them a message, " You are advised to submit without further delay, for if I bring my army into your land, I will destroy your farms, slay your people, and raze your city.

As a result, Nabis, the tyrant of Sparta, is forced to abandon the surrounding land and withdraw to the city of Sparta.

* Drawing upon the tradition of the Spartan lawgiver, Lycurgus, the young Eurypontid king of Sparta, Agis IV, seeks to reform a system that distributes the land and wealth unequally and burden the poor with debt.

For the war which broke down the pretensions of Sparta and put an end to her supremacy by land and sea, began from that night, in which people, not by surprising any fort or castle or citadel, but by coming into a private house with eleven others, loosed and broke in pieces, if the truth may be expressed in a metaphor, the fetters of the Lacedaemonian supremacy, which were thought indissoluble and not to be broken.

Although Sparta remained the dominant land power in Greece, the Boeotians had demonstrated that they, too, were a martial threat and a politically cohesive power.

Epaminondas invited the return to their native land of all the families that had gone into exile from Messenia during its long struggle with and servitude under the military state of Sparta, now finished as a conquering state.

Blockaded by land and sea, with their food supplies running low, the Athenians sent ambassadors to the Spartan king Agis, whose army was camped outside their walls, offering to join the Spartan alliance if they were allowed to keep their walls and port ; Agis, claiming that he had no power to negotiate, sent the ambassadors on to Sparta, but there they were told that, if they really wanted peace, they should bring the Spartans better proposals.

Eventually, Sparta was diminished by the removal of land for other towns, including Springwater ( 1816 ), West Sparta ( 1846 ), and Groveland ( 1856 ).

The traditional view of archaeologists, that the appearance of urbanization at excavation sites could be read as a sufficient index for the development of a polis was criticised by François Polignac in 1984 and has not been taken for granted in recent decades: the polis of Sparta for example was established in a network of villages. The term polis which in archaic Greece meant city, changed with the development of the governance center in the city to indicate state ( which included its surrounding villages ), and finally with the emergence of a citizenship notion between the land owners it came to describe the entire body of citizens.

Records exist of women in ancient Delphi, Gortyn, Thessaly, Megara and Sparta owning land, the most prestigious form of private property at the time.

The polis of Sparta was the greatest military land power of classical Greek antiquity.

In 481 BC, Xerxes sent ambassadors around Greece asking for food, land, and water, but deliberately bypassed Athens and Sparta in hopes of not letting them know about their plans.

The battle took place simultaneously with the more famous land battle at Thermopylae, in August or September 480 BC, off the coast of Euboea and was fought between an alliance of Greek city-states, including Sparta, Athens, Corinth and others, and the Persian Empire of Xerxes I.

The Battle of Sphacteria was a land battle of the Peloponnesian War, fought in 425 BC between Athens and Sparta.

Once restored to his native city, however, he played a crucial role in a string of Athenian victories that eventually brought Sparta to seek a peace with Athens.

These Athenian victories proved useless, however, for in 405 BC Lysander returned to unofficial command and destroyed the Athenian fleet at Aegospotami, thus ending the Peloponnesian War with Sparta the victor.

The oligarchic elements of Sparta became even stronger, especially after the influx of gold and silver from the victories in the Persian Wars.

Jurek repeated his Badwater victory in 2006, a year that also saw his first of three consecutive victories in the Spartathlon, a 153-mile race between Athens and Sparta in Greece.

Later arose the city-states of Athens and Sparta among many others that constituted the Athenian Empire and Hellenic Civilization.

Then he penetrated into the Peloponnesus and captured its most famous cities — Corinth, Argos, and Sparta — selling many of their inhabitants into slavery.

It seems that, at first, a major naval expedition was led by Heruli, starting from northern Black Sea and leading in the ravaging of many cities of Greece ( among them, Athens and Sparta ).

The American founders rarely cited Rousseau, but came independently to their Republicanism and enthusiastic admiration for the austere virtues described by Livy and in Plutarch's portrayals of the great men of ancient Sparta and the classical republicanism of early Rome, as did many, if not most other enlightenment figures.

At the peak of its power Sparta subdued many of the key Greek states and even managed to overpower the elite Athenian navy.

Incubus toured worldwide in 2004 with many bands, including Ben Kweller, The Walkmen, Hundred Reasons, The Music, Brand New and Sparta, to promote their new album.

Slaves outside of Sparta almost never revolted because they were made up of too many nationalities and were too scattered to organize.

The origins of this alliance lay in the continuing desire of many Greek states, notably Athens and Sparta, for a restoration of their former independence, along with the desire of Ptolemy II to create troubles for his rival Antigonus II, King of Macedonia.

Since Evagoras was an enemy of Persia, and many of the Athenian gains threatened Persian interests, these developments prompted Artaxerxes to switch his support from Athens and her allies to Sparta.

Following the end of the Peloponnesian War in 404 BC, Sparta had embarked upon an aggressively unilateralist policy towards the rest of Greece and quickly alienated many of its former allies.

The Central Hotel in Sparta drew as many diners for its pizza as did Krogh's Restaurant and the St. Moritz for its finer fare on the plaza overlooking the lake.

The New Jersey Midland Railroad opened to Ogdensburg in 1872 for zinc ore traffic, but in 1882 the line was extended to Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania and a station was built at Sparta, giving tourists easy access to the many boarding houses that served summer residents from the cities.

Historical examples include the oldest known Sumerian cities of Mesopotamia and Ur, the Phoenician cities of Canaan ( such as Tyre and Sidon ), the Berber city-states of the Garamantes, the city-states of ancient Greece ( the poleis such as Athens, Sparta, Thebes, and Corinth ), the Roman Republic which grew from a city-state into a great power, the Maya of pre-Columbian Mesoamerica ( including sites such as Chichen Itza, Tikal, Palenque and El Mirador ), the central Asian cities along the Silk Road, Venice, Croatian city-state of Ragusa ( Dubrovnik ) and many others.

Moreover the trial of Socrates followed Athens ' traumatic defeat by Sparta, many years after the performance of the play, when suspicions about the philosopher were fuelled by public animosity towards his disgraced associates ( such as Alcibiades ).

When Kleomenis of Sparta defeated the Argives, their slaves occupied Tiryns for many years, according to Herodotus.

In 457 Athens, the leader of the Delian League, came into conflict with Corinth and their ally Sparta ( leader of the Peloponnesian League ) over Megara ; two months prior to the Battle of Oenophyta, the Athenians were defeated at the Battle of Tanagra by Sparta, but Sparta had lost so many men that they could not take advantage of their victory.

Its proximity to the United States Naval Academy has inspired many a comparison to Athens and Sparta.

So you see, if Sparta has many a worthier son, I am still boss in the department I prefer.

The presence of numbers of these figurines on sites where worship took place in the Archaic and Classical periods ( c 200 below the sanctuary of Athena at Delphi, others at the temple of Aphaia on Aegina, at the sanctuary of Apollo Maleatas above Epidauros and at Amyklae near Sparta, for example ), suggests both that many were indeed religious in nature, perhaps as votives, but also that later places of worship may well have first been used in the Mycenaean period.

The agoge was prestigious throughout the Greek world, and many aristocratic families from other cities vied to send their sons to Sparta to participate in the agoge for varying periods of time.

Sentenced to exile, his house was burned and his grandson Archidamus II, son of his son Zeuxidamus, called Cyniscus by many Spartans, who had died in his father's life, became the ruler of Sparta.

He had favoured Athens during the closing years of the Peloponnesian War, elicited Persian support for the Athenians against Sparta and urged Greeks from the Aegean to settle in Cyprus, assisting the Athenians in so many ways that they honoured him by erecting his statue in the Stoa ( portico ) Basileios in Athens.